The present invention relates to a composition for dyeing keratin fibers, in particular human keratin fibers such as the hair, comprising one or more fatty substances, one or more alkylpolyglucoside nonionic surfactants and/or one or more oxyethylenated C8-C30 fatty acid esters of sorbitan, one or more (poly)alkoxylated fatty alcohol(s), and/or one or more (poly)glycerolated fatty alcohol(s); one or more oxidation bases chosen from (2,5-diaminophenyl)ethanol and also acid salts thereof or solvates thereof such as hydrates, optionally one or more couplers, optionally one or more basifying agent(s), one or more chemical oxidizing agent(s), and whose fatty substance content represents in total at least 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition and more particularly at least 25% by weight relative to the total weight of the said composition.