The present invention provides a method and apparatus for adjusting stereoscopic image parallax and a stereo camera. The parallax adjusting method includes obtaining a depth range of a current scene. A preset parallax range may also be obtained according to a current viewing condition. Expected camera parameters of the current scene are calculated according to the depth range of the current scene and the preset parallax range. The stereo camera is adjusted according to the expected camera parameters and used to capture preprocessed stereoscopic images. Further, the captured preprocessed stereoscopic images are processed according to the expected camera parameters to make the preprocessed stereoscopic images suitable for being viewed under the current viewing condition. The disclosed method and apparatus can jointly adjust parameters of the stereo camera and captured stereo images to obtain images or videos with a maximum parallax as well as desired display effect under a specified condition.