A device for extracting at least one analyte may include: a sample reservoir configured to contain a sample comprising at least one target analyte and interfering materials; at least one extraction chamber connected to the sample reservoir; at least one porous structure lining one or more sides of the at least one extraction chamber; and a voltage source configured to provide a first voltage and a second voltage, wherein, when the first voltage is provided, the at least one target analyte and the interfering materials move towards the at least one extraction chamber or to a predetermined area from the at least one extraction chamber, wherein, when the second voltage is provided, the interfering materials pass through and exit the at least one extraction chamber, and the at least one target analyte is stopped from exiting the at least one extraction chamber by means of the at least one porous structure.