The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation communication system to support higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure is applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method and apparatus for two-dimensional spatial multiplexing transmission using multiple antennas in a wireless communication system is provided. A user equipment receives pieces of antenna configuration information and corresponding channel measurement resources from a base station, and sends channel information with respect to at least one antenna configuration as feedback to the base station. An indicator indicating a composition of the feedback information is transmitted first, and then the composition information and feedback information are transmitted.