Embodiments of the present invention provide a data transmission method and apparatus, and UE. The method includes: receiving a downlink CQI fed back by first UE, and determining a first downlink MCS of the first UE according to the downlink CQI fed back by the first UE; allocating a transmission resource of a first cell to the first UE according to the first downlink MCS of the first UE; acquiring an uplink channel matrix of a sub-bandwidth SB level of each cell in a measurement set of the first UE; determining an SINR of a downlink transmission stream to be sent by each cell in a transmission set of the first UE; and determining a second downlink MCS of the first UE according to the SINR of the downlink transmission stream to be sent.