Systems and methods for efficient microwave drying of extruded honeycomb structures are disclosed. The methods include conveying first and second sets of honeycomb structures in opposite directions through multiple applicator cavities. Each honeycomb structure has a moisture content M C , and the honeycomb structures within each cavity define an average moisture content M CA between 40% and 60% therein. The methods include irradiating the first and second sets of honeycomb structures within the cavities with microwave radiation having an amount of input microwave power P l that results in an amount of reflected microwave power P R from the honeycomb structures, where P R I . This allows for a relatively high microwave power to be maintained in each cavity. Batch microwave drying methods are also disclosed.