A thermal insulation structure comprising a first member, a second member, a mat material and an inorganic adhesive. The first member comprises a first surface having a temperature potentially reaching 200°C or higher. The second member comprises a second surface disposed opposite to the first surface of the first member. The mat material is disposed between the first member and the second member. An area is formed on at least one of the first surface and the second surface, with the area including the inorganic adhesive. The inorganic adhesive exhibits adhesiveness upon being heated.