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公开(公告)号：EP0147396B1
公开(公告)日：1990-03-28
申请号：EP83903022.8
申请日：1983-07-29
CPC分类号： G07F7/10 , G06K17/00 , G06K19/10 , G06K19/14 , G07D7/20 , G07F7/08 , G07F7/086 , G07F7/1066 , G07F7/12
摘要： An identification card (C) as for supporting commercial or other significant transactions involving a designated subject. The card incorporates a machine-readable record (116, 118) and includes a composition (15, 120) to characteristically modulate a light beam for individual card identification. In one embodiment, the card incorporates light-changing crystals (120) (e.g. polaroid) to modulate a light beam. The machine-readable record (116, 118) on the card indicates: the light beam modulation, a coded personal identification for the subject card bearer, and a time-related value criterion involving use for the card. Systems (Figs. 10, 11 and 12) are disclosed for variously sensing card characteristics by modulated light including polarized light techniques and from different aspects. A system (Figs. 5 and 6) for processing the cards is also disclosed including apparatus for sensing recorded signals representative of: a modulated light beam characteristic, a personal identification for the card holder, and a time-related use limitation. Computer structure (102) is provided for comparing such signals with developed signals provided from the card and the user to verify that: the card is genuine, the user is proper, and the use is appropriate. A multiple-terminal system (Fig. 4) is disclosed wherein terminal inquiries are channeled to one of several processors (SC) for flexibility and reliability. The system incorporates apparatus (68) for conditionally refreshing a card.
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公开(公告)号：EP0187448A3
公开(公告)日：1987-06-03
申请号：EP85307877
申请日：1985-10-31
发明人： Goldman, Robert N.
摘要： An authenticator device, e.g. card, of verifiable composition substance and informational content with a system of production and verification. Character uniqueness signals identifying the composition of the device are recorded on the card in an encrypted form combined with statistical data signals representative of information on the card. Testing the card involves freshly sensing the character uniqueness data and entering the statistical data. Such fresh data is then compared with the recorded values after decoding. Favorable comnparisons manifest approval and enter the statistical data for processing.
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公开(公告)号：EP0155982A1
公开(公告)日：1985-10-02
申请号：EP84108691.1
申请日：1981-06-19
CPC分类号： G06K19/086 , G06K19/10 , G07D7/20 , G07F7/086
摘要： The invention discloses an authenticatordevice for verifying authenticity comprising a sheet medium (210); a reflective layer (218) disposed on one side of said sheet over at least a part of the area of said sheet; an array of sand-like particles fixed on said reflective layer whereby to provide a varying characteristic (D1-D6) of light reflective layer whereby to provide a varying characterstic of light reflectivity over the space of said reflective layer; and machine-readable indicia (216) on said sheet of medium, said indicia being decodable to specify said characteristic at said specific area location (Dl-D6). The invention also refers to methods and apparatuses for producing an authenticator and for verifying an authenticator.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种用于验证真实性的认证装置，包括片材介质（210）; 在所述片材的至少一部分区域上设置在所述片材的一侧上的反射层（218） 固定在所述反射层上的沙子状颗粒阵列，由此提供光反射层的变化特性（D1-D6），从而在所述反射层的空间上提供变化的光反射率特性; 和机器可读标记（216），所述标记可解码以在所述特定区域位置（D1-D6）指定所述特征。 本发明还涉及用于产生认证器和验证认证器的方法和装置。
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公开(公告)号：EP0131574A1
公开(公告)日：1985-01-23
申请号：EP83901776.0
申请日：1983-04-15
CPC分类号： G06Q30/02 , G06K17/00 , G06K19/10 , G06K2017/0064 , G06K2017/0067 , G07D7/004 , G07D7/0043 , G07D7/0047 , G07D7/12 , G07D7/20 , G07F7/086
摘要： Un système permet de suivre des unités de marchandises à l'aide de dispositifs d'autentification ou étiquettes (10) lorsque ces étiquettes (avec les articles de marchandises) empruntent des circuits commerciaux. Le système complet comporte une étiquette de vérification ou d'autentification non-flasifiable (10) qui porte un numéro d'identification (26, 36, 38) pouvant être lu par une machine et qui comprend, dans une forme de réalisation, des sections de détachement par déchirement (14, 18) portant le numéro d'identification et qui, dans une autre forme de réalisation (Fig. 5) est intégrée par adhésion à l'emballage d'un produit. Lorsqu'il fonctionne avec les étiquettes, le système comprend un processeur central (40) ayant une mémoire adressable en utilisant le numéro d'identification de l'étiquette. Un lecteur (106) d'étiquette détecte le numéro d'identification pouvant être lu par la machine (le lecteur peut également vérifier l'étiquette) et adresse la mémoire à des fins d'informations d'enregistrement pour identifier de manière spécifique l'étiquette et indiquer des informations par lots (80). Lorque l'étiquette (et l'article de marchandise) empruntent un réseau commercial, les informations en mémoire sont complétées pour élaborer un historique (Fig. 4) d'un tel mouvement. Dans des opérations ultérieures, la mémoire peut alors être testée pour obtenir des informations utiles concernant la marchandise. Comme moyen d'utilisation de ce procédé pour obtenir des données significatives, le système comporte un appareil (64) permettant de tester le contenu de la mémoire pour établir l'identification d'étiquettes spécifiques qui sont en relation les unes par rapport aux autres et correspondant à un sous-ensemble de marchandises présentant un intérêt.
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公开(公告)号：EP0113730A4
公开(公告)日：1984-11-07
申请号：EP83901681
申请日：1983-04-15
申请人： LIGHT SIGNATURES INC
CPC分类号： G07F7/1016 , H04L9/0662 , H04L9/0819
摘要： The system incorporates a random number generator (24) for generating a specific key to be used during a specific interval of communication and which key is effective only after the verification of proper security data. Verification is accomplished during a preliminary operation of coding security data and a random number at one station and transmitting such data to another station for verification. In the operating sequence of the disclosed system, security data, as from a identification card (52) or tag, along with a random number, is initially coded at a remote station and transmitted as preliminary data signals to a central station for decoding and verification. The random number is developed at the remote station and transmitted to the central station as part of the preliminary data signals for decoding and temporary registration. Upon verification of the security data, the random number functions as a key for coding means at both the remote and central stations for processing message data.
摘要翻译： 该系统包括一个随机数发生器（24），用于产生在特定的通信时间间隔期间使用的特定密钥，并且该密钥仅在验证适当的安全数据之后才有效。 验证是在对一个站的安全数据和随机数进行编码的初步操作过程中完成的，并将这些数据传输到另一个站进行验证。 在所公开的系统的操作顺序中，来自识别卡（52）或标签的安全数据以及随机数最初在远程站处被编码并且作为初步数据信号被传送到中央站以用于解码和验证 。 随机数在远程站发展并作为初步数据信号的一部分传送给中央站，用于解码和临时登记。 在验证安全数据后，随机数在远程和中央站用作处理消息数据的编码装置的密钥。
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6.发明公开AUTHENTICATOR DEVICE AND RELATED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCTION AND USE. 无效设备为确保防止伪造和方法及装置单据用于其生产和使用它。
公开(公告)号：EP0054071A4
公开(公告)日：1983-08-17
申请号：EP81901976
申请日：1981-06-19
申请人： LIGHT SIGNATURES INC
CPC分类号： G06K19/086 , G06K19/10 , G07D7/20 , G07F7/086
摘要： System for authenticating an object on the basis of certain physical phenomena or character, specifically, measurable, but not practicably duplicable random variations in the object. In one form, the object (authenticator (T)) is a paper tag having a reference space (14), the varying translucency pattern of which is a measurable but practicably unduplicable characteristic of the paper. The reference space (14) is sensed to provide reference signals indicative of the varying translucency. A reference numeral (10) is then provided from some registered form, as on the tag or in a list. If the numeral (10) is readily accessible, it likely will be cryptographically encoded. Note the value of putting encoded information on the tag to avoid the need for large reference files. For verification, freshly sensed reference signals, as from the tag (T) (actually characteristic of the tag) are compared with signals that previously were sensed as characteristic of the tag (T). Structures are disclosed as specific forms of the authenticator (T), along with apparatus for authenticator production, detection and manipulation. Different forms of tags (210) are disclosed, the measurable characteristic of which involves light transmissivity and reflectivity. Apparatus (111) for spectrographic confirmation of tag material is also disclosed. In an illustrative form of a tag (T) as an identification means, tags and processing apparatus utilize magnetic medium (218) and printed images (214). The magnetic medium (218) is also disclosed to be recorded as for developing information on shelf life and sales channels.
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公开(公告)号：EP0286378A3
公开(公告)日：1990-04-11
申请号：EP88303061.1
申请日：1988-04-06
发明人： Tucker, Frank Dan , Nunley, Leonard
摘要： Authenticity of a paper document (10) is tested by sensing (40) its transparency and comparing (32) the sequence of representations produced, with a sequence of reference representations read (39) from a record of an earlier-made sensing written (38) on the document (10) in an offset-printed (and therefore non-uniform) magnetic stripe (18). The reference sequence is written on the stripe (18) in the form of an encrypted identifier (156, Figure 4) within a bit string (Figure 4) that is interspersed with framing characters (155) and includes a public encryption key (158) and an error-correction code (162). Each data and control bit of the bit-string format is written as an eight-bit character enabling ready distinction between data and control bits and enhancing error detection and correction of the string when read (39) from the non-uniform stripe (18); the relative timings and the polarities of peaks of the analogue signal from the magnetic reading head 939) determine the data value ("0" or "1" according to timing interval t or t/2) or the control nature (interval 3t/2) or each read bit. The error-correction code is applied to reduce errors and enable decryption of the recorded identifier using the public key, whereby an appropriate degree of correlation for authenticity confirmation, can be achieved with the fresh transparency output (40).
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公开(公告)号：EP0317229A2
公开(公告)日：1989-05-24
申请号：EP88310714.6
申请日：1988-11-14
IPC分类号： G07F7/08
CPC分类号： G07F7/086 , G06Q20/347 , G07C9/00079 , G07F7/125
摘要： Verification of a card C involves moving it through a slot S of a terminal T to derive test signals representative of pixels of a sensed card-area 12 that includes a likeness 24 (FIG 2) of the cardholder together with part 26 (FIG 2) of his alpha-numeric identifier 10. The test signals, after sampling, are quantized (94 FIG 4) against two controlled thresholds which identify each pixel of the area 12 as being darker than, lighter than, or about the same as the detected average optical density (80 FIG 4) of the sensed area 12. When digitized (96 FIG 4), the quantized signals are compared (86 FIG 4) with digital-data signals read (78 FIG 4) from a magnetic recording 14 that was made during earlier (FIG 5) sensing of the area 12. Lamps L indicate the existence of acceptable (40; 90 FIG 4), unacceptable (42; 88 FIG 4) or uncertain (44; 92 FIG 4) overall correlation between the compared signals. A two-dimensional liquid-crystal display D shows the correlation results graphically in binary pixel form (black/white), with pixel-to-pixel correspondence with the sensed area; operation of a button 53 expands the display D to show sub-pixels.
摘要翻译： 卡C的验证涉及将其移动通过终端T的时隙S，以导出代表感测卡区12的像素的测试信号，其包括持卡人的肖像24（图2）以及部分26（图2） 他的字母数字标识符10.对采样之后的测试信号针对两个受控阈值进行量化（94图4），这两个阈值将区域12的每个像素识别为比检测到的平均值更亮， 当数字化（96图4）时，将量化信号与从制造的磁记录14读取的数字数据信号（图4的78）进行比较（图4） 灯（L）表示可接受（40; 90图4），不可接受（42; 88图4）或不确定（44; 92图4）在比较信号 。 二维液晶显示器D以二进制像素形式（黑/白）以图形方式显示与感测区域的像素对像素对应的相关结果; 按钮53的操作使显示器D展开以示出子像素。
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公开(公告)号：EP0268450A3
公开(公告)日：1989-03-22
申请号：EP87310112.5
申请日：1987-11-16
CPC分类号： G07F7/086 , G06K19/14 , G06Q20/347 , G06Q20/409 , G07D7/0047 , G07D7/04 , G07D7/20
摘要： The authenticity of a document (D) is tested by sensing (14) its translucency throughout an area (12) and correlating the sequence of representations (20 Figure 2) produced, with a sequence of reference representations (18 Figure 2) read (16) from a magnetic recording (10) of an earlier-made sensing. Correlation is carried out by relating successive overlapping parts (L Figure 2) of the freshly-derived and digitized sequence with corresponding overlapping parts (L) respectively, of the digitized reference sequence. The overlapping parts (L) are of the same length (N), and overlap with one another equally, throughout both sequences (20,18), the extent (M) of overlap being such that all individual representations in each sequence (20;18) occur in three successive parts of that respective sequence. Assembler circuits (44,46; Figure 1) supply signals (SUM R, SUM R², SUM RS) in accordance with functions of the successive parts (S;R) of the two sequences, to an arithmetic unit (50) for generation of correlation scores (C) that are then analyzed (56) to produce an indication (42) of the degree of authenticity. A preliminary, independent check on the maxima, minima, and/or average value of the freshly-derived sequence is carried out by a test unit (38) to signal rejection of the document (D) if the check is not satisfied.
摘要翻译： 通过在整个区域（12）中感测（14）其半透明度来测试文档（D）的真实性，并将所产生的表示序列（图20）与参考表示（18图2）读取（16） ）从早期制作的感测的磁记录（10）中获得。 通过将新鲜导出和数字化序列的连续重叠部分（L图2）分别与数字化参考序列的相应重叠部分（L）相关联来进行相关。 重叠部分（L）具有相同的长度（N），并且在两个序列（20,18）中均等地彼此重叠，重叠的范围（M）使得每个序列中的所有个体表示（20; 18）发生在相应序列的三个连续部分。 汇编器电路（44,46;图1）根据两个序列的连续部分（S; R）的功能向运算单元（50）提供信号（SUM R，SUM R 2，SUM RS） 用于产生相关性分数（C），然后分析（56）以产生真实程度的指示（42）。 如果不满足检查，则通过测试单元（38）对新鲜衍生序列的最大值，最小值和/或平均值的初步独立检查来执行信号对文档（D）的拒绝。
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10.发明公开
公开(公告)号：EP0208453A2
公开(公告)日：1987-01-14
申请号：EP86304804.7
申请日：1986-06-23
CPC分类号： G07F7/10 , G06Q20/347 , G07F7/1066
摘要： Operator-interactive verification of a card-based transaction involves reading a magnetic stripe (24) on the card (C) to derive test data (T) representing an arithmetical combination of a uniqueness characteristic of the card (derived from its translucency at defined locations D1-D6) and the assigned- users personal-identification data (PIN). The test data (T) is arithmetically-combined with the personal-identification data (PIN) entered by the user, to produce a decoded representation of the uniqueness characteristic (D') which is compared with a fresh sensing (D) of that characteristic as a basis for verification of both the card (C) and the user-entered data (PIN). The user can choose to alter his operative personal-identification data (PIN), and does this, after first achieving verification using the existing data, by entering the new, chosen data for re-calculation with the decoded uniqueness characteristic (D') to produce new test data (T) which is then recorded on the card (C) in place of the old (T).
摘要翻译： 基于卡的交易的操作者交互验证涉及读取卡（C）上的磁条（24）以导出表示卡的唯一性特征的算术组合的测试数据（T）（源自其在所定义的位置处的半透明度 D1-D6）和分配的用户的个人识别数据（PIN）。 测试数据（T）与用户输入的个人识别数据（PIN）进行算术组合，以产生与该特征的新鲜感测（D）相比较的唯一性特征（D min）的解码表示 作为验证卡（C）和用户输入数据（PIN）的基础。 用户可以选择改变其操作的个人识别数据（PIN），并且在首先使用现有数据进行验证之后，通过输入新的所选择的数据以用解码的唯一性特征（D min）重新计算， 产生新的测试数据（T min），然后将其记录在卡（C）上代替旧的（T）。
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