摘要:
A pressurized closed-cyclone catalyst disengaging apparatus for use in an FCC unit. A closed-cyclone apparatus of the present invention independently pressurized in the absence of a disengager vessel has a line for venting stripping steam and hydrocarbon vapor from a catalyst stripping stage to a catalyst disengaging stage for rapidly disengaging catalyst particles from an FCC reaction hydrocarbon effluent.
摘要:
A closure device for a lower opening of a coke drum pressure vessel (11) is quick acting. The opening has an annular flange (15). An annular movable support (39) encircles the pressure vessel (11) above the flange (15). A stationary support (27) secures to the flange below the movable support (39). A number of coil springs (37) are evenly spaced around the stationary support (27) between the stationary support (27) and the movable support (39). Hydraulic cylinders between the movable and stationary support move the movable support (39) axially relative to the stationary support (27). A head (17) will abut the flange (15). Hooks (41) mounted to the movable support (39) will engage the head (17) and pull the head (17) tightly upward into engagement with the flange (15) when the retracting cylinders are released. Pivotal cylinders (55) will pivot the hooks (41) between engaged and disengaged positions. The bias of the springs (37) is independently adjustable.
摘要:
A methanol refining column (128) and method using an intermediate reboiler (152) are disclosed. Use of the intermediate reboiler reduces methanol production energy requirements. A side stream (144,162) at or near a fusel oil take-off point is heated in an intermediate reboiler (152) by a low temperature heating medium (relative to a bottoms reboiler) and returned to the column at or near (166) the fusel oil take-off tray. The take-off tray is operated at 85-110°C, and 70-90 percent of the reboiler duty is supplied through the intermediate reboiler. The remaining heat load is supplied by a bottoms steam reboiler.
摘要:
A method for recovering volatile components from reformer effluent condensate and fusel oil in a methanol plant is disclosed. The fusel oil is stripped with steam to produce an overhead vapor stream of steam and stripped organic components which is recycled to the feed to the reformer. Also disclosed are a methanol plant with a fusel oil stripper; and a unitized stripper column for treating fusel oil and process condensate wherein steam containing volatile gases stripped from the process condensate is used to strip the fusel oil. The present invention improves yield and reduces or eliminates liquid fusel oil waste by recycling volatile organic components contained in the fusel oil to the feed of the reformer.
摘要:
A separator apparatus and method for a hydrocarbon fluidized catalytic cracking process are disclosed. The apparatus comprises a main plenum (30) in a disengagement vessel (10) which connects a plurality of riser cyclones (18) in a riser catalyst separation stage to a plurality of secondary cyclones (36) in a secondary catalyst separation stage. The cyclones in the second and each succeeding stage receive a substantially equal amount of gas from the plenum. The effluent gas is substantially prevented from leaking into the interior space of the disengagement vessel. Also disclosed is a method for retrofitting an existing plant with the plenum design to provide a more compact arrangement of the catalyst separation equipment in the disengagement vessel.
摘要:
A thermosiphon reboiler heat exchanger which integrates multiple parallel reboilers into a single unit and a heating method are disclosed. The present heat exchanger utilizes a compartmentalized shell for vaporizing a tube-side liquid with a plurality of hot shell-side fluids. The present apparatus is particularly useful for a fractionation system in a phenol manufacture process.
摘要:
Petroleum products are refined in an integrated hydroprocessing scheme involving a hydrocracking stage (1) and subsequent dewaxing stage (16). Materials boiling in the middle distillate or lube oil range may be dewaxed. The bottoms streams (12, 34) and optionally other streams from each stage are maintained separately from one another during processing. Dewaxing may occur using either hydroisomerization catalysts or shape-selective catalysts or both in series. One embodiment employs a baffle (14) in the flash zone of a fractionator (13) to separate bottoms streams from each other. Alternatively, the effluent (4) from the hydrocracking stage may be processed separately from the effluent (18) from the dewaxing stage. The bottoms fraction from the dewaxing stage may be recycled back to the hydrocracking stage for futher processing or used as lube base stock.
摘要:
A process for liquefying natural gas containing mercaptans. Mercaptans are concentrated into a distillate stream by distilling the feed gas stream without specific pretreatment for mercaptans removal. Thus, the mercaptans removal equipment is much smaller since mercaptans treatment can take place at a point in the process where the flowrate is much lower. A portion of the treated distillate stream can be reinjected to the upstream distilling stage to facilitate mercaptan absorption.
摘要:
A process for removing nitrogen from liquefied natural gas (LNG) using an enhanced surface, reflux heat exchanger is disclosed. A relatively warm high pressure LNG stream is directed countercurrently in heat exchange with a cool low pressure LNG stream to chill the high pressure stream and partially vaporize the low pressure LNG stream in the reflux heat exchanger. Vapor produced thereby strips the low pressure LNG stream of nitrogen. The cool low pressure LNG stream is produced by expansion of the chilled high pressure LNG stream. Vapor produced by the expansion is combined with the vapor produced in the exchanger and withdrawn overhead. Product LNG which is lean in nitrogen is withdrawn from the bottom of the exchanger.
摘要:
A pressurized closed-cyclone catalyst disengaging apparatus for use in an FCC unit. A closed-cyclone apparatus of the present invention independently pressurized in the absence of a disengager vessel has a line for venting stripping steam and hydrocarbon vapor from a catalyst stripping stage to a catalyst disengaging stage for rapidly disengaging catalyst particles from an FCC reaction hydrocarbon effluent.