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公开(公告)号：EP0564292A2
公开(公告)日：1993-10-06
申请号：EP93302599.1
申请日：1993-04-01
发明人： Brunnett, Carl J. , Mattson, Rodney A. , Burke, James E. , Miller, Lester , Resnick, Theodore A.
CPC分类号： A61B6/035 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/4028 , A61B6/405 , A61B6/4275 , A61B6/4488 , A61B6/482 , A61B6/56 , H01J35/02 , H01J35/06 , H01J35/10 , H01J35/165 , H01J35/24 , H01J2235/162 , H05G1/025 , H05G1/06 , H05G1/08 , H05G1/20 , H05G1/26 , H05G1/34 , H05G1/52 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/66
摘要： A toroidal x-ray tube (I) is supported (II) for rotation about a horizontal axis (170) , translation along a vertical axis (172) , and translation along a horizontal axis (174) . The x-ray tube includes a toroidal housing (A) , an annular anode (B) , and a cathode (C) which rotates a beam of electrons around the annular anode. A plurality of parallel connected voltage sources (90₁, 90₂, ..., 90 n ) provide a sufficiently high bias voltage between the electron source and the anode that x-rays are generated. The x-ray beam passes through a compensator crystal (62) , an annular window (20) , a collimator (132) , through a subject received in a central bore (26) of the x-ray tube, and impacts an arc segment of radiation detectors (130) . The x-ray detectors are stationarily mounted outside of the plane of the annular window (FIGURES 2 and 7), nutate into the plane of the windows opposite of the origin of the x-ray beam (FIGURE 6), rotate in part (FIGURE 9) or rotate in full (FIGURE 8). Angular position monitors (58, 154) determine the angular position of the cathode assembly, hence the x-ray beam, and the angular position of the detectors in the rotating detector embodiment.
摘要翻译： 环形X射线管（I）被支撑（II），用于围绕水平轴线（170）旋转，沿着垂直轴线（172）平移并且沿着水平轴线（174）平移。 X射线管包括使环形阳极周围的电子束旋转的环形壳体（A），环形阳极（B）和阴极（C）。 多个并联的电压源（901,902，...，90n）在产生x射线的电子源和阳极之间提供足够高的偏置电压。 x射线束穿过受体在X射线管的中心孔（26）中的受试者通过补偿晶体（62），环形窗（20），准直器（132），并撞击弧段 的辐射探测器（130）。 x射线探测器固定安装在环形窗的平面外面（图2和7），并形成与X射线束原点相反的窗口平面（图6），部分旋转 9）或完全旋转（图8）。 角位置监视器（58,154）确定阴极组件的角度位置，因此确定旋转探测器实施例中的X射线束和检测器的角位置。
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公开(公告)号：EP0212836A1
公开(公告)日：1987-03-04
申请号：EP86305390.6
申请日：1986-07-14
CPC分类号： G01T1/202 , G01T1/2018
摘要： A radiation imaging apparatus and method e.g. for computed tomography x-ray.imaging employing a radiation detector which enhances the detector output due to lower energy components of the incident radiation. One embodiment includes first and second layers (190, 192) of crystalline scintillation material mutually aligned in a path of x-rays to be detected, to receive the x-rays in sequence. The layer (190) upstream in the x-ray path comprises a scintillation material having a relatively high efficiency for converting x-ray energy to light. The downstream layer (192) comprises a scintillation material having a relatively lower efficiency for x-ray/light conversion. A photodiode (198) is positioned to view both scintillation layers (190, 192) simultaneously and to respond to scintillations in either or both. Scintillation crystal material surfaces can be coated with reflective material (194) to enhance the effects of their scintillations. The photodiode (198) thus combines x-ray indicating scintillations from both crystals while in analog form. Another embodiment comprises a photodiode and an optically coupled scintillation crystal, with the photodiode upstream in the x-ray beam path relative to the crystal (Fig. 4).
摘要翻译： 辐射成像装置和方法 对于使用由于入射辐射的较低能量分量而增强检测器输出的辐射检测器的计算机断层摄影X射线成像。 一个实施例包括在待检测的x射线的路径中相互对准的晶体闪烁材料的第一和第二层（190,192），以顺序接收X射线。 x射线路径上游的层（190）包括具有将X射线能量转换成光的相对较高效率的闪烁材料。 下游层（192）包括具有相对较低的x射线/光转换效率的闪烁材料。 定位光电二极管（198）以同时观察闪烁层（190,192）并且在两者之一或两者中对闪烁进行响应。 闪烁晶体材料表面可以涂覆有反射材料（194）以增强其闪烁的影响。 因此，光电二极管（198）组合了来自两个晶体的X射线指示闪烁，同时以模拟形式。 另一个实施例包括光电二极管和光耦合闪烁晶体，其中光电二极管相对于晶体在x射线束路径上游。
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公开(公告)号：EP0564292B1
公开(公告)日：1998-12-02
申请号：EP93302599.1
申请日：1993-04-01
发明人： Brunnett, Carl J. , Mattson, Rodney A. , Burke, James E. , Miller, Lester , Resnick, Theodore A.
CPC分类号： A61B6/035 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/4028 , A61B6/405 , A61B6/4275 , A61B6/4488 , A61B6/482 , A61B6/56 , H01J35/02 , H01J35/06 , H01J35/10 , H01J35/165 , H01J35/24 , H01J2235/162 , H05G1/025 , H05G1/06 , H05G1/08 , H05G1/20 , H05G1/26 , H05G1/34 , H05G1/52 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/66
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公开(公告)号：EP0526968A2
公开(公告)日：1993-02-10
申请号：EP92304394.7
申请日：1992-05-15
IPC分类号： G06F15/353 , G06F15/68
CPC分类号： G06F17/175
摘要： A source (A) of images produces a plurality of basis images (lo, l 1 , 1 2 , 1 3 ....). Two of the basis images are subtracted and divided (70, 72) by a number of interpolation increments (Li) to form a first differential image (l Δ1 ). The first and the third basis images are subtracted and divided (76, 78) by a number of available interpolation increments (L 2 ) to form a second differential image (I Δ2 ). Four differential images are selectively combined and divided by a product of the first and second available increments to form a second order differential image (1 2 A12 ). An array of adders (D) selectively adds the first differential image to a currently displayed image stored in an image memory E each time a track ball (104) moves a cursor one increment in a horizontal position. Each time the track ball moves the cursor one increment up or down along the vertical column, the adder array adds or subtracts the second differential image to the currently displayed image. Each time the track ball steps the cursor between rows or between columns, the second order differential image is used to correct one of the first and second differential images. In this manner, only the currently displayed image, the first differential image, the second differential image, and the second order differential image need be stored to provide free interpolation among four basis images.
摘要翻译： 图像的源（A）产生多个基本图像（I0，I1，I2，I3 ....）。 两个基本图像被减去并分割（70,72）多个插值增量（L1）以形成第一差分图像（I DELTA 1）。 第一和第三基础图像被减去并被分割（76,78）多个可用的插值增量（L2）以形成第二差分图像（I DELTA 2）。 选择性地组合四个差分图像并将其除以第一和第二可用增量的乘积以形成二阶差分图像（I 2 DELTA 12）。 每当轨迹球（104）在水平位置移动光标一个增量时，加法器阵列（D）选择性地将第一差分图像添加到存储在图像存储器E中的当前显示的图像。 每当轨迹球沿着垂直列向上或向下移动光标时，加法器阵列将第二差分图像加到或减去当前显示的图像。 轨迹球每次在行之间或列之间移动光标时，二阶差分图像用于校正第一和第二差分图像之一。 以这种方式，仅存储当前显示的图像，第一差分图像，第二差分图像和二阶差分图像，以在四个基本图像之间提供自由内插。
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公开(公告)号：EP0200374A2
公开(公告)日：1986-12-10
申请号：EP86302428.7
申请日：1986-04-02
摘要： @ A method and apparatus for obtaining shadowgraph images suitable for use in computed tomography scanner apparatus for subject localization. A source (20) of radiation that orbits the subject during a normal computed tomography scan is fixed relative an array of radiation detectors (28). The subject is then moved in a direction generally perpendicular to the plane of source (20) and array (28) to obtain a first shadowgraph data set. The source (20) is then orbited a small amount and the subject is again moved relative the source (20) and detector array - (28) to obtain a second shadowgraph set of data. The two sets of data are then interleaved to obtain a shadowgraph image having higher resolution than either the first or second shadowgraph.
摘要翻译： 一种用于获得适用于计算机断层摄影扫描仪装置以用于对象定位的阴影图像的方法和设备。 在正常计算机断层扫描期间围绕对象运动的辐射源（20）相对于辐射检测器阵列（28）是固定的。 然后使受试者沿大致垂直于源（20）和阵列（28）的平面的方向移动以获得第一阴影图数据集。 然后源（20）绕行少量，并且再次相对于源（20）和探测器阵列（28）移动对象以获得第二阴影图数据组。 然后交错两组数据以获得具有比第一或第二阴影图更高分辨率的阴影图像。
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公开(公告)号：EP0166567A3
公开(公告)日：1986-11-26
申请号：EP85304356
申请日：1985-06-18
CPC分类号： A61B6/06 , G01T1/1644 , G01T1/2018
摘要： An imaging system includes an x-ray source, and means for scanning x-rays from the source through a subject and across the input portion (313 or 360) of an area detector (312 or 353) covering at one time only a fraction of the area detector's input. The area detector produces at its output portion a moving representation of the x-rays being scanned across the input. Means are provided for continuously projecting the moving representation onto a fixed portion of a second stationary discrete solid state detector.
摘要翻译： 成像系统包括x射线源，以及用于扫描来自源的X射线通过对象并穿过区域检测器（312或353）的输入部分（313或360）的装置，该区域检测器（312或353）一次只覆盖一部分 区域检测器的输入。 区域检测器在其输出部分产生在输入端扫描的X射线的移动表示。 提供了用于将运动表示连续投影到第二固定分立固态检测器的固定部分上的装置。
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公开(公告)号：EP1000582A2
公开(公告)日：2000-05-17
申请号：EP99308631.3
申请日：1999-10-29
IPC分类号： A61B6/03
CPC分类号： A61B6/583 , A61B6/08 , A61B6/466 , A61B6/547 , A61B2562/0219
摘要： An x-ray source (30) transmits a beam of x-rays through an examination region (E). A receiver (28), in an initial spatial orientation relative to the source (30), receives the beam and generates a view of image data indicative of the intensity of the beam received. A sensor such as an accelerometer detects motion in a selected portion of a mechanical structure (M) supporting the source (30) and the receiver (28). Upon detection of motion, the sensor generates a motion signal. In one embodiment, a first accelerometer (40) is associated with the receiver (28) and a second accelerometer (42) is associated with the source (30). A position calculator mathematically calculates a position of both the source and receiver based on the acceleration data generated by the accelerometers. An image reconstruction processor receives the relative position data, electronically corrects for any misalignment or change in beam travel distance, and reconstructs the views into a volumetric image representation. In another embodiment, a processor compares the detected motion with a database loaded with an empirically determined vibration model. Based on this comparison the processor (110) then generates a cancellation signal, which controls an electromechanical actuator (106) which imparts an offsetting force or motion to the mechanical structure.
摘要翻译： X射线源（30）通过检查区域（E）传输一束x射线。 相对于源（30）处于初始空间取向的接收器（28）接收波束并产生指示所接收的波束的强度的图像数据的视图。 诸如加速度计的传感器检测支撑源（30）和接收器（28）的机械结构（M）的选定部分中的运动。 在检测到运动时，传感器产生运动信号。 在一个实施例中，第一加速度计（40）与接收器（28）相关联，并且第二加速度计（42）与源（30）相关联。 位置计算器基于由加速度计产生的加速度数据，数学地计算源和接收器的位置。 图像重建处理器接收相对位置数据，电子校正光束移动距离中的任何未对准或变化，并将视图重建为体积图像表示。 在另一个实施例中，处理器将检测到的运动与加载有经验确定的振动模型的数据库进行比较。 基于该比较，处理器（110）然后产生消除信号，该消除信号控制向机械结构施加偏移力或运动的机电致动器（106）。
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公开(公告)号：EP0980196A2
公开(公告)日：2000-02-16
申请号：EP99305708.2
申请日：1999-07-20
IPC分类号： H05G1/32
CPC分类号： H05G1/32
摘要： An x-ray radiation stabilization system is provided including an x-ray tube (20) which emits x-ray radiation (22) . The x-ray tube (20) has an anode (52) , a cathode (50) , and a vacuum envelope (54) which houses the anode (52) and the cathode (50) . A high-voltage generator (40) is connected to the x-ray tube (20) . It supplies a high-voltage electric potential between the cathode (50) and anode (52) such that an electron beam flows therebetween. The electron beam strikes the anode (52) producing the x-ray radiation (22) . A reference radiation detector (60) samples a representative portion of the x-ray radiation (22) emitted by the x-ray tube (20) and generates a signal in response to an intensity of the sampled x-ray radiation (22) . A feedback circuit (80) is connected between the reference radiation detector (60) and the high-voltage generator (40) . The feedback circuit (80) generates an error signal and in response thereto directs the high-voltage generator (40) to adjust the high-voltage electric potential supplied to the x-ray tube (20) so that in the x-ray radiation (22) ripple having a predetermined frequency range is substantially cancelled.
摘要翻译： 提供了包括发射x射线辐射（22）的X射线管（20）的X射线辐射稳定系统。 x射线管（20）具有阳极（52），阴极（50）和容纳阳极（52）和阴极（50）的真空外壳（54）。 高压发生器（40）连接到X射线管（20）。 它在阴极（50）和阳极（52）之间提供高电压电位，使得电子束在其间流动。 电子束撞击产生X射线辐射（22）的阳极（52）。 参考辐射检测器（60）对由x射线管（20）发射的x射线辐射（22）的代表部分进行采样，并响应于采样的X射线辐射（22）的强度产生信号。 反馈电路（80）连接在参考辐射检测器（60）和高压发生器（40）之间。 反馈电路（80）产生误差信号，响应于此引导高电压发生器（40）调节提供给X射线管（20）的高压电位，使得在x射线辐射（ 22）具有预定频率范围的波动基本上被取消。
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