摘要:
Foam systems including a surfactant subsystem including one alpha-olefm sulfonic acid or a plurality of alkali metal alpha-olefm sulfonic acid salts and optionally, one ethoxylated alcohol sulfonate or a plurality of ethoxylated alcohol sulfonates, optionally, a pour point depressant subsystem including one glyme or a plurality of glymes and optionally, a corrosion inhibiting subsystem including one corrosion inhibitor or a plurality of corrosion inhibitors, where the system is thermally or heat stable up to 450°F (232°C), the system is environmentally benign, the system is capable of producing a foam in an aqueous medium including high amounts of crude oil, the system is efficient at low usage levels and the system is capable of reuse or at least on foam-defoam cycle. Methods for making and using including preparation of the foam systems, drilling, fracturing, completion and producing using the systems in conjunction with a gas.
摘要:
The field of the invention is that of the exploration for and exploitation of oil deposits. Specifically, the invention relates to the development of nanoparticles and tracer fluids containing same, which are to be injected into a well and collected by reversing the flow of fluid through the same well. The tracer fluids according to the invention have the advantage of producing a fluorescent signal with a memory effect, i.e. a signal modified on the basis of the physicochemical conditions encountered in the medium through which the nanoparticles pass after being injected into the geological subsoil. The analysis of the fluorescent signals in the fluids collected after diffusion makes it possible to deduce information on the characteristics of the oil deposit from said signals.
摘要:
In order to overcome problems that earlier methods have experienced, stable, gas-filled nanobubbles (NB) on the surface of proppant particles (PR) are formed by mixing water (H 2 O) with a surfactant (SF), adding to the proppant (PR) and pressurizing for a set time period. The nanobubble-surrounded proppant particles (NBSPR) can be combined with carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to form foam or an emulsion (FE) which can be added to a gas and/or oil producing well (WE).
摘要:
A method of increasing the fracture complexity in a treatment zone of a subterranean formation is provided. The subterranean formation is characterized by having a matrix permeability less than 1.0 microDarcy (9.869233 x 10-19 m2). The method includes the step of pumping one or more fracturing fluids into a far-field region of a treatment zone of the subterranean formation at a rate and pressure above the fracture pressure of the treatment zone. A first fracturing fluid of the one or more fracturing fluids includes a first solid particulate, wherein: (a) the first solid particulate includes a particle size distribution for bridging the pore throats of a proppant pack previously formed or to be formed in the treatment zone; and (b) the first solid particulate comprises a degradable material. In an embodiment, the first solid particulate is in an insufficient amount in the first fracturing fluid to increase the packed volume fraction of any region of the proppant pack to greater than 73%. Similar methods using stepwise fracturing fluids and remedial fracturing treatments are provided.
摘要:
A method of reducing the cost and environmental impact of chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing is to use multiple chemicals that are pre-mixed and then formed into a single solid blended mixture. By forming at least two chemicals into a single solid mixture, the complexity involved in transporting multiple solid or liquid chemicals is avoided. If the solid chemicals were merely premixed they would tend to segregate during shipping, handling, and storage altering the concentration of the chemical mix as it is pumped downhole. Simply having less equipment on the wellsite increases the accuracy of the well treating process and decreases the likelihood of a time consuming and thus costly delay due to equipment failure.
摘要:
A composition for wellbore consolidation, comprising fibres having a core formed from a material that is electrically and/or magnetically susceptible, and a polymeric coating, characterised in that when the composition is placed in a wellbore in a zone to be consolidated and an electric current or magnetic field is applied, the fibres bond together by melting or setting of the polymeric coating.