摘要:
A mixed gas refrigerant for use in the cryogenic range of temperatures between 80 DEG K and 100 DEG K, with single stage compressor (10) providing high pressures up to 30 Atms. The refrigerant consists of nitrogen between 30 and 50 molar percent, methane less than 20 molar percent, propane, more than 30 molar percent, and ethane the balance.
摘要:
A mixed gas refrigerant for use in the cryogenic range of temperatures between 80 °K and 100 °K, with single stage compressor (10) providing high pressures up to 30 Atms. The refrigerant consists of nitrogen between 30 and 50 molar percent, methane less than 20 molar percent, propane, more than 30 molar percent, and ethane the balance.
摘要:
In an oil-lubricated helium compressor unit, the adsorber can retain all of the oil that might be transferred from the compressor to the adsorber before the system shuts down. No oil is ever transferred or transferable to, for example, the expander in a GM type refrigeration system connected to the unit. The compressor itself will shut down because of a protective switch or seize for lack of oil before any oil carries outside the compressor unit. The unit and the connected refrigeration system can run for more than a selected design life before the compressor shuts down because the limit of oil in the adsorber has been reached. The adsorber can retain as much oil as might leave the compressor over the life of the system plus a safety margin of at least 25%. The adsorber need not be serviced or re-placed for the life of the system.
摘要:
In an oil-lubricated helium compressor unit (10), the adsorber (34) can retain all of the oil that might be transferred from the compressor (12) to the adsorber (34) before the system shuts down. No oil is ever transferred or transferable to, for example, the expander in a GM type refrigeration system connected to the unit (10). The compressor (12) itself will shut down because of a protective switch or seize for lack of oil before any oil carries outside the compressor unit (10). The unit (10) and the connected refrigeration system can run for more than a selected design life before the compressor (12) shuts down because the limit of oil in the adsorber (34) has been reached. The adsorber (34) can retain as much oil as might leave the compressor (12) over the life of the system plus a safety margin of at least 25%. The adsorber (34) need not be serviced or replaced for the life of the system.
摘要:
A two-stage pulse tube refrigerator comprises a pressure wave generator-compressor (32), first stage (16) and second stage (18) regenerators, first stage (12) and second stage (14) pulse tubes, heat exchangers (20, 22, 24, 26) and a hybrid phase shift mechanism for the first (12) and second stage (14) pulse tubes. The second stage phase shift mechanism includes double fixed orifices (40, 42) while the first stage shifter is an arrangement including one of a) 4 valves, b) 5 valves, c) 2 active buffers or d) 3 active buffers. The double fixed orifice phase shifter is located either at room temperature or is thermally connected with the first stage cold end. Two-stage pulse tube refrigerators with a hybrid phase shifter have increased second stage regenerator performance at lower temperature. Pressure drop through the valves and compressor power consumption are decreased, and losses from phase interaction between each stage are eliminated.
摘要:
An integral combination of expansion valve and evaporator in a cryostat using a single support member. The valve includes two flow orifices, one orifice (62) being used primarily for steady-state operation and the other orifice (44) being used only during cool-down. An actuator (28) having a high coefficient of thermal expansion moves a needle (46) positioned in the cool-down orifice (44) such that a large orifice flow area at the start of cool-down is automatically and continously reduced as the actuator (28) temperature decreases as refrigerant is throttled through the orifice. Within a range of approximately 30K from the desired steady-state evaporator temperature, the needle (46) completely blocks the cool-down orifice (44). Then, refrigerant flows through the steady-state orifice (62) which has a remotely adjustable needle (68). In the final stage of cool-down, the refrigerant system is entirely controlled by the steady-state orifice (62) and its associated needle (68).
摘要:
A counter flow heat exchanger comprising a plurality of tubes disposed in a bundle array or tube within tube configuration to enhance heat transfer between high and low pressure tubes in the array or tube in tube configuration. Also disclosed are a method of increasing the heat transfer capacity of a tube bundle heat exchanger and a liquid helium temperature refrigerator or a reliquefier utilizing the heat exchanger.
摘要:
A counter flow heat exchanger comprising a central low pressure return tube deformed intermediate its ends to enhance heat transfer capability wrapped by a high pressure tube to conduct fluid to an expansion device. Also disclosed are a method of increasing the heat transfer capacity of a tube bundle heat exchanger and a liquid helium temperature refrigerator or a reliquefier utilizing the heat exchanger.