摘要:
A viewer for viewing an object under magnification, the viewer comprising: an objective lens for producing an image of an object located at an object plane and having a radial extent defined by an aperture stop; a partially-transmissive reflector for allowing transmission of light therethrough from the objective lens to a mirror arrangement and providing for reflection of light which is returned thereto from the mirror arrangement; a mirror arrangement which receives a light component from the partially-transmissive reflector, and is located such that a focussed image of the object is produced at the mirror arrangement and light received by the mirror arrangement is reflected back to the partially-transmissive reflector and relayed to produce an image of the object; a viewing lens arrangement for producing an optical image of the object which is viewable by an observer at an exit pupil at a viewing plane; wherein the objective lens has a beam path angle (α) as defined by a distance from the object plane to the objective lens and a radial extent of the aperture stop; wherein the viewer has a viewing angle (&bgr;) as defined by a distance along an optical axis from the mirror arrangement to the viewing plane and a radial extent of the exit pupil at the viewing plane; wherein the viewer is configured such that a displacement ratio of the beam path angle (α) to the viewing angle (&bgr;) is at least 3:1, whereby the observer is provided with a greater change in depth perception of the object being observed relative to an extent of displacement of a head of the observer.
摘要:
Optical instrument, e.g. microscope, for producing an image and comprising a diffractive element (25) located in an image plane (SIP) for producing an array of exit pupils which are perceivable as a single, enlarged, exit pupil by the observer. The diffractive element (25) comprises an array of units (39) being lenticules (41) producing diffractive interference generating the plurality of exit pupils.
摘要:
Optical magnifying apparatus comprises an objective lens (11) from which light is directed to a beam splitting mirror (12). A portion of the light passes through the beam splitting mirror to a first concave mirror (13) and is reflected back via the beam splitting mirror through a viewing lens (5) to a first eye (16) of an observer. The remainder of the light is reflected by the beam splitting mirror to a second concave mirror (17) from which it is reflected back via the beam splitting mirror through the viewing lens to a second eye (19) of the observer. Focussed first and second images (14, 18) of an object (10) are produced respectively on the surfaces of the first and second concave mirrors. The optical axes of the concave mirrors are relatively offset such that the relayed pupils of the mirrors are separated horizontally by a distance approximately equal to the average interpupilary spacing of an observer. The relative inclination of the optical axes of the concave mirrors may be adjustable to enable non-stereoscopic or stereoscopic images of the object to be observed.
摘要:
Un appareil d'agrandissement optique comprend une lentille d'objectif (11) depuis laquelle la lumière est dirigée vers un miroir (12) séparateur de faisceau. Una partie de la lumière passe à travers le miroir séparateur de faisceau vers un premier miroir concave (13) et est réfléchie via le miroir séparateur de faisceau à travers une lentille oculaire (5) vers un premier oeil (16) d'un observateur. La lumière résiduelle est réfléchie par le miroir séparateur de faisceau vers un second miroir concave (17) depuis lequel elle est réfléchie via le miroir séparateur de faisceau à travers la lentille oculaire vers un second oeil (19) de l'observateur. Une première et une seconde images focalisées (14, 18) d'un objet (10) sont produites respectivement sur les surfaces du premier et du second miroir concave. Les axes optiques des miroirs concaves sont relativement décalés de manière à ce que les pupilles relayées des miroirs soient séparées horizontalement par une distance approximativement égale à la distance interpupillaire moyenne d'un observateur. L'inclinaison relative des axes optiques des miroirs concaves peut être réglable pour permettre l'observation des images non-stéréoscopique ou stéréoscopique de l'objet observé.
摘要:
A position transducer for an inspection table or slide (10) movable along a linear axis includes a pair of transducers (16, 20) spaced apart in a direction transverse to the axis to enable correction of errors in indication of the position or displacement of the table due to non-linearity of movement of the table. The outputs of the encoders are compared to produce an error signal and a proportion of the error signal, dependent upon the transverse position of a reference point (23) relative to the table (10), is utilised to compensate the output of one of the transducers (16, 20) to produce a corrected position indication.