摘要:
A system is provided comprising a hardened stud body (102) and an unhardened stud subunit (104) coupled to the hardened stud body (102). The hardened stud body (102) may comprise a first composition having by weight between 17% and 21% chromium, between 2.8% and 3.3% molybdenum, between 50% to 55% nickel, and between 4.75% and 5.5% niobium. The unhardened stud subunit (104) may comprise a second composition having by weight between 20% and 23% chromium, between 8% and 10% molybdenum, at least 58% nickel, and between 3.15% and 4.15% niobium.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a swinging system, which includes two gear trains (45, 67) each having two pinions (4, 5, 6, 7), a first drive train (45) and a second train (67) driven by the first train (45), a first pinion (4, 5) of the first train (45) engaging a first pinion (6, 7) of the second train (67), the second pinion (5, 4) of the first train (45) engaging the second pinion (7, 6) of the second train (67), the second pinion (5, 4) of the first train (45) being mounted by a sliding connection onto the same shaft or spindle (2) as the second pinion (7, 6) of the second train (67), said second pinion (7, 6) of the second train (67) being mounted by a helical connection onto said shaft (2), each pinion (4, 5, 6, 7) including a disk (40, 50, 60, 70) having a rotation axle (X, 05, 06), the system being characterized in that the disk (60) of the first pinion (6) of the second gear train is off-axis relative to the other pinion (5) of the first gear train (45) and in that one of the two disks (5, 6) includes a slug (61) which fits into a groove (51) arranged in the second disk (6, 5). Thus, the speed of rotation of the first pinion (6, 7) of the second train (67) varies relative to the speed of rotation of the first pinion (4, 5) of the second train (45).
摘要:
A welding auxiliary joining part (10) in the form of a bolt with a head, a shaft and a tip is disclosed. The welding auxiliary joining part (10) is driven, with the aid of a setting process, into a component (20) made from a material which cannot be welded or is difficult to weld. During this driving-in process, mechanical deformation causes a weld head to be produced such that subsequently the component (20) can be connected by welding via the welding auxiliary joining part (10) to a further component made from a weldable material (30).
摘要:
Friction plug welding methods and systems plug a hole extending through a component part from front and back faces thereof. A sacrificial plate having an opening therethrough may be positioned against the back face of the component part with assistance from a restraint part (which is also preferably provided with a space of sufficient dept to receive a terminal end of the male plug) so that the opening is coaxially aligned with the hole to be plugged. Upon advancing a male plug of a plug rod into the hole under friction plug welding conditions, a friction weld region will therefore be formed between the male plug and defining surfaces of both the hole extending through the component part and the opening extending through the sacrificial plate. The plug rod may include an annular shoulder flange which defines a plane parallel to the front face of the component part so that flash flow from the friction welding will be displaced laterally of the hole. The male plug may be frustroconically shaped. An annular arcuate surface may also be provided which joins the male plug to the shoulder flange.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for friction welding components (35) during which both components are rotated relative to one another during a heating phase under mutual axial pressing force (F) generated by a pressing force actuator (8a) at the location to be welded when component (3) is at rest and when driven component (5) is rotating. In addition, after the components (3, 5) have been subjected to a sufficient friction heating, the rotating is slowed down and the components, which are stationary with regard to one another, are pressed together with a pressing force that is significantly greater than that during the heating phase. The rotated component (5) is driven by an electric motor (7), which is provided with a controller (19) and whose rotational speed (n), torque (RF), pressing force (F) and advancing depth (S) are measured by the controller. The rotational speed is, according to an axial initial pressing force (F) between both components, set by the controller to an initial rotational speed that causes the contact surfaces of both components to melt, and is maintained until the torque drops as a result of the melting of the contact surfaces of both components, during which the rotational speed is decreased and is reduced to zero. Once the rotational speed is zero, the pressing force is increased to a maximum so that the fixed welding ensues on the contact surfaces of both components.
摘要:
The invention relates to a friction-welded connection between a sheet metal element (3) and a rotation body (1) which is inserted therein. The sheet metal element comprises a protruding circular annular wall (5) as a pressure surface, whereon the rotation body (1) can be pressed to the counter-pressure surface. At least one pressure surface extends in a conical manner in such way that the introduction of the rotation body charges the annular wall with an increasing amount of pressure and a friction-welded connection is established between the rotation body and the annular wall by rotating the rotation body.
摘要:
The invention relates to a rotationally symmetrical fastening element (1) with an axially central rounded-off tip (5) for a friction-welded joint with respect to a component of a flat form. The tip is adjoined by a conical circumferential surface (6), which goes over into a flute (7) for receiving material that is melted during the friction welding, and by a shoulder (9) which surrounds the flute, is set back axially from the tip and goes over into the friction-welded joint.
摘要:
The invention relates to a chuck (2) for retaining fixing elements (1) that are provided with a respective radial contact surface and a follower profile (17) for a friction welded connection on a component and for transmitting the rotational and contact forces that act on a fixing element. An annular receiving element (9) is provided in the chuck (2) for transmitting the rotational force, said receiving element tightly surrounding the fixing element comprising an axial polygonal profile that has been introduced. The chuck comprises a retractable contact part (18, 27) in the annular receiving element (9), which is guided in said element and which can be retracted in said element to permit the entry of a fixing element through a lateral opening (12) in the receiving element, the part being retracted behind said opening. After the introduction of a fixing element, the contact part can be displaced into a holding position against the contact surface (19) of the fixing element, in such a way that the fixing element presses against the component in the friction welding position during its rotation. In the holding position, the fixing element that has been introduced into the annular receiving element is held axially by retractable stop parts (10, 11) that project radially inwards.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for mounting a fastener element (1), such as a screw or a nut, in a component (2). The fastener element (1) is provided with a deformable, cylindrical portion (3) which has an axis of symmetry. The cylindrical portion (3) is inserted in a through-hole (4) in the component (2), whereafter the cylindrical portion (3) is deformed in its longitudinal direction by means of a compressive force, so that the length of the cylindrical portion (3) is reduced. By causing the fastener element to rotate at a predetermined rotational speed so that frictional heat is generated between the contact surfaces of the fastener element (1) and the component (2), there is created a combined rivet and frictional welding joint between the fastener element (1) and the component (2). The invention also relates to a tool for mounting the fastener element in accordance with the method.