摘要:
An information encoding method in which a common multiplier A of the input signal samples x(i) in each frame is estimated. Each sample x(i) is divided by A, the quotient is rounded to the number of significant digits, and the rounded quotient y(i) is encoded. The y(i) is multiplied by A and the product is subtracted from x(i) to obtain an error signal z(i), which is encoded. The A is encoded and the codes of y(i), z(i), and A are combined together and outputted. To estimate A, each numeric value is divided by a determined representative value. Irreducible fractions between the maximum positive error and the maximum negative error are obtained by dividing each numeric value by a correct representative value using rational approximation. Among the obtained irreducible fractions, the one having the smallest common denominator of the numeric values is obtained, which is corrected using the representative value to obtain A.
摘要:
An electronic payment system and method facilitates electronic commerce through controlled transfer of identification and value representations to wireless devices. The system (10) includes a payment collection apparatus (20) and a transaction apparatus (50), and provides for representation of user and transaction information via machine-readable indicia. In one embodiment, the machine-readable indicia is a barcode. The present invention is useful in such example applications as credit transactions, lottery system operations, and mobile top up applications.
摘要:
The average amplitude of the samples in a signal sample sequence X in a floating-point format is determined for each frame. If the average amplitude is greater than a predetermined value, an integer formatting part 12 converts the sequence X into a signal sample sequence Y in a 16-bit integer format by truncation, a compressing part 13 codes the sequence Y to output a code sequence Ca, a difference producing part 14 produces a difference signal Z that corresponds to the difference between the signal sample sequence X and a sequence Y' in the floating-point format converted from the sequence Y, and a compressing part 17 performs entropy coding on the least significant (23-n) bits of a mantissa M of the difference signal Z, which is determined by the number of bits n following the most significant "1" in each sample in the sequence Y, and outputs a code sequence Cb. If the average amplitude is not greater than the predetermined value, the sequence X is directly losslessly coded by a compressing part 121. A code Cd, which indicates which coding is selected, is output.
摘要:
Methods and apparatuses for scheduling commands are described. According to various embodiments of the invention ,delay information (108, 112), is issued with an associated command (101, 103). The delay information (201, 206) directs the device for which the command is intended to either execute the command immediately or to delay the command for some period of time before execution. Multiple commands (207) can be queued for execution within the device (202, 203, 204).
摘要:
There is described a switching system for use with a power source and a light source (105), the system including a microchip (103, 201, 203) and an MMI activation/deactivation interface to select at least one function from multiple functions to be controlled by the microchip. The interface includes at least one switch (102, 106, 1210) connected to at least one input to the microchip so that the input transmits respective control signals to the microchip indicating switch operations, each of which comprises an activation or deactivation operation, the input and switch not forming a serial link in the circuit that transfers energy between the power source and the light source. The switching system is configured such that the microchip is powered irrespective of the switch (102) position and/or light source (105) activation status. At least one switch (102, 106, 1210) is a touch sensor type switch. The switching system conforms to at least one of a number of specified configurations.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for securing control or operating code or data of a gaming device (20) is disclosed. One embodiment of the method includes the steps of obtaining gaming device operational code encrypted in a symmetrical encryption process with a first private key, providing the encrypted code to the gaming device (20), decrypting the code using the first private key, storing the decrypted code at the gaming device (20), and utilizing the decrypted code to operate the gaming device (20). In one embodiment, the gaming device (20) includes a master gaming controller having an associated memory, a processor for executing code, and a secure access module having the decryption key associated therewith.
摘要:
A method for bit-depth increasing digital data represented by a first number of original bits which are sequentially ordered beginning with a start bit and ending with an end bit. To bit-depth increase the data, in an expanded presentation, the original bits are replicated in the sequential order starting with the start bit to form replication bits. The original bits are appended with a second number of the replication bits to form the expanded presentation of the digital data. The appended replication bits start with the start bit and are in the sequential order of the original bits.
摘要:
The present invention discloses a data stream conversion apparatus and method, a variable length coded data stream generation apparatus and method, and a camera system, the data stream conversion apparatus, comprises a first data combining means for successively combining an input variable length data and a data portion not extracted as output data portion in already input data, a data extracting means for successively extracting predetermined data portions of the predetermined data length from said successively combined data as the output data portions, and an output means for successively outputting output data of a predetermined data length based on the successively extracted output data portions.
摘要:
A method for controlling a jitter buffer and a communication apparatus implementing the method and functioning as a first node of a communication system, wherein the jitter buffer is adapted to buffer a stream of blocks of compressed speech information generated in a second node in the communication system, transmitted to and received in the first node. Blocks of compressed speech information in said stream of blocks are selected (201) according to a predetermined rule based on the current buffering delay of the jitter buffer and at least one characteristic of said blocks of compressed speech information. Predetermined actions aiming at reducing buffering delay in the jitter buffer are applied (202) to the selected blocks.
摘要:
A method and system for providing advertisement information (100) on chip cards, and for the distribution of the resulting revenues. It also includes tracking and storing of integrated relational information (153) regarding advertisement information, products, and customer's buying habits with respect to those products. At the time a customer uses a chip card to purchase an item, particular advertisement information is stored (106) onto the card based on information characterizing the customer (user). The chip card may or may not incorporate an electronic display for showing the advertisement directly on the card. Credit transactional fees are adjusted based on advertising download rates and other parameters.