摘要:
A process for the preparation of alcohols comprises reacting one or more olefins with carbon monoxide and optionally hydrogen in the presence of a C₁ to C₂₀ aliphatic alcohol solvent and a catalyst comprising a phosphine component of formula PR₃ where R is independently C₁ to C₁₀ primary alkyl and a rhodium component. The solvent is preferably a primary aliphatic alcohol most preferably having from one to four carbon atoms.
摘要:
A nitrogen-containing polymer is prepared by reacting ammonia or an amine selected from C₁ to C₅₀ primary alkylamines, benzylamine and substituted benzylamines with a linear terpolymer comprised of alternating -CO- and -(A)- units, the -(A)- units comprising a mixture of -CH₂CH₂- units and -CH₂CH(R)- units wherein R is C₁ to C₆ alkyl or phenyl.
摘要:
Sulphonated polyketones are prepared by reacting a linear alternating copolymer of carbon monoxide and one or more olefins (polyketone) with a sulphonating agent (eg chlorosulphoric acid) in a solvent (eg dichloromethane) at a temperature in the range -20 to +40°C. A molar excess of sulphonating agent is preferably used. The sulphonated polyketone produced contains one or more types of unit of formula -[COC(R¹)₂C(R¹)₂]- wherein the R¹ groups are independently H, C₁ to C₁₀ alkyl or SO₃H with the proviso that at least one R¹ group is SO₃H.
摘要:
This invention relates to a process for hydrolysing polymeric amides with a hydrolysing agent at elevated temperatures under the influence of ultrasound in a homogeneous reaction medium. The reaction is particularly suited to the production of polyacrylic acid from polyacrylamide.
摘要:
A method for recovering the surfactant from a dispersion or emulsion of oil and water containing a temperature sensitive surfactant which method comprises the steps of heating the dispersion or emulsion to a temperature above the cloud point of the surfactant under conditions of temperature and aqueous phase salinity such that the dispersion or emulsion breaks and separates into an oil layer, an aqueous layer and a surfactant layer, and recovering the surfactant layer. The recovered surfactant may be recycled for use in preparing further quantities of dispersion or emulsion, thus rendering the operation more economic.
摘要:
Novel hemiacetalised derivatives of polyketones (linear alternating polymers of carbon monoxide and one or more alkenes are prepared by reacting the polyketone with a diol of formula HOZOH, where Z = -(C(R)₂) n -, the R groups are independently H, OH or C₁ to C₁₀ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl and n is 2 to 6. The process of preparation is characterised by using a molar ratio of diol to carbonyl groups in the polyketone of at least 5:1.
摘要:
A process for preparing polyacetals having less than 10% by weight carbonyl containing units and in which the molar ratio of acetal to furan units is greater than or equal to 15:1 is provided. The process comprises reacting a linear alternating polymer of carbon monoxide with one or more olef ins (polyketone) with a diol at elevated temperature in the presence of an acid eg para-toluenesulphonic acid whilst continuously removing water generated by the reaction. Water is preferably removed by azeotropic distillation using a water-immiscible solvent.
摘要:
La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé servant à produire des particules ellipsoïdales à partir de réseaux en phase monodispersée, ainsi qu'aux particules ainsi produites. Ledit procédé consiste: (a) à préparer une dispersion homogène des particules polymères dans une matrice capable de déformation affine et ayant une température de ramollissement supérieure à la température de ramollissement du polymère dispersé; (b) à déformer en ellipsoïdes le polymère dispersé dans la matrice à une température qui se situe au niveau de la température de ramollissement du polymère ou qui lui est supérieure; (c) à refroidir par trempe les ellipsoïdes jusqu'à une température inférieure à la température de ramollissement du polymère dispersé pour fixer l'ellipsoïde sous une forme rigide; et (d) à récupérer les particules polymères rigides.