摘要:
The invention relates to a method for selecting the composition of steel for applications exposed to high temperatures. To facilitate the selection of the steel composition to correspond to the desired fire resistance, yield strength grade and low manufacturing costs, the composition and cooling rate after hot-rolling are selected using the formulas LP95 = -177 + 9000C - 115000C2 + 750Nb + 71 Mo + 33Ni - 36Cr > 0, and Rpo.2 (MPa) = 261 + 2198C + 96Si + 52Mn + 59Cr + 137Mo + 48Ni + 35Cu + 41 BL + (-131 + 86Mn + 58BL)log10(CR), wherein BL refers to the boron level of the steel and CR to the cooling rate after hot-rolling. The invention also relates to a steel for use in applications requiring endurance of high temperatures and heat resistance, and to the use of such a steel.
摘要:
The invention relates to a foundation arrangement for a structure or building in which one or more pillars (4) of the structure or building is supported on piles (2) set in the ground, and the foundation arrangement comprises a pile group comprising two or more piles (2) for supporting the pillar (4), the piles (2) being arranged in the horizontal direction around the pillar (4). The foundation ar rangement also comprises a one-piece mounting base (6) supported on the piles (2) of the pile group and made of steel, to which the pillar (4) is supported and fastened with fastening means (8) in such a manner that the load of the pillar (4) is transmitted in the mounting base (6) essentially as compression or pulling forces to the piles (2) of the pile group.
摘要:
The invention relates to a foundation arrangement for a structure or a building, wherein one or more pillars (6) of the structure or building are supported to pile (2) placed into the ground. In accordance with the invention, the foundation arrangement comprises a pile array including two or more piles (2) for supporting a pillar (6), and one or more beams (4, 5) or a plate, which are/is supported to one or more piles (2) of the pile array, and a pillar (6) supported to one or more beams (4, 5) or the plate for distributing the loading of the pillar by means of one or more beams (4, 5) or the plate to the piles (2) of the pile array.
摘要:
The invention relates to a bulkhead (30) formed of a number of metal tongue-and-groove elements (1a, 1b, 1c) into soil (M), the tongue-and-groove elements comprising a tubular tongue (3) closed at the lower end by a tip element (11), and a tubular groove (2) with a longitudinal slot (8) provided in the housing, and a web (4) connecting the tongues-and-grooves. The tongues include at their lower ends pile shoes (5) consisting of a tip element (10) and a collar (12), the maximum diameter (D1) of which is larger than the outer diameter (D2) of the tongue and at least equal to the distance (W2) of the central line of the tongue and the outer surface of the groove, and flow apertures (17) for mortar (B). The flow apertures open from the interior (13) of the tongue above the collar. In the bulkhead, the interior of the tongue and the space between the tongue and the groove are filled with mortar, and possibly, the grooves are covered by a mortar layer. The invention also relates to a method for forming a bulkhead sealed with mortar and the tongue-and-groove element for the bulkhead.
摘要:
The invention relates to splices (1) between successive tube elements of a pile tube (2) driven into the ground and/or rock. The splice comprises a sleeve (3), inside of which the ends (15, 16) of two successive tube elements are found. The sleeve includes two female taper threads (5a and 5b) expanding towards the ends (7a, 7b) of the sleeve, and male taper threads (6) corresponding to the sleeve threads at the end of each tube element (4a, 4b, etc.) and tapering towards the end surface (8). In the splice, the tube elements are attached to the sleeve by reciprocal gripping of the taper threads (5a and 6;5b and 6) and they provide an extension for each other, the end surfaces (8) of the opposite tube parts (4a, 4b) being pressed against each other.