Abstract:
A process for the regeneration of a supported noble metal catalyst comprising contacting the catalyst with a liquid aqueous system at a temperature in the range of from 90 to 160 °C, wherein the pH of the aqueous system is outside the range of from 6 to 8, separating the aqueous system from catalyst; and subjecting the catalyst to calcination.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing a particulate, Si-bound fluidized-bed catalyst having improved abrasion strength, which comprises the steps I. providing an aqueous suspension containing zeolite particles, II. adding a silicone resin mixture containing one or more hydrolysable silicone resin precondensates and mixing the aqueous suspension and the silicone resin mixture, III. spray drying the mixture obtained from step II, wherein the mixture is homogenized before the spray drying, and IV. calcining the spray-dried fluidized-bed catalyst obtained from step III, and an Si-bound fluidized-bed catalyst producible by this method, and also use thereof for non-oxidative dehydroaromatization of C 1 -C 4 -aliphatics.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the direct amination of hydrocarbons to form amino hydrocarbons, comprising the following steps: conversion of an educt flow E containing at least one hydrocarbon and at least one amination reagent into a reaction mixture R containing amino hydrocarbons and hydrogen, and b) electrochemical separation of at least part of the hydrogen created during the conversion, from the reaction mixture R, by means of a gas-tight membrane electrode assembly comprising at least one selectively proton-conducting membrane and at least one electrode catalyst on each side of the membrane. On the retenate side of the membrane, at least part of the hydrogen is oxidised on the anode catalyst to form protons and, after passing through the membrane, on the permeate side, on the cathode catalyst, the protons are b1) reduced to hydrogen and/or b2) converted to water with oxygen, the oxygen originating from a flow O containing oxygen, brought into contact with the permeate side of the membrane.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for electrochemically removing hydrogen from a hydrogen-containing reaction mixture R by means of a gas-tight membrane electrode assembly which comprises at least one selectively proton-conducting membrane and at least one electrode catalyst on each side of the membrane, at least part of the hydrogen contained in the reaction mixture R being oxidized on the anode catalyst to protons on the retentate side of the membrane and the protons, after passing the membrane and on the permeate side on the cathode catalyst, I being reduced to hydrogen and/or II being reacted with oxygen to water, the oxygen coming from an oxygen-containing flow O which is being contacted with the permeate side of the membrane. The invention further relates to a reactor which is equipped with at least one membrane electrode assembly.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for pre-treating hydroamination catalysts, characterized in that the hydroamination catalyst is brought into contact with a mixture containing ammonia prior to the reaction of olefins with ammonia, a primary or a secondary amine, wherein the mixture containing ammonia contains less than 40 wt.-% olefin. The invention further relates to a method for producing alkyl amines by reacting olefins with ammonia, primary or secondary amines at a hydroamination catalyst that is pre-treated according to the invention prior to the reaction of the olefins by bringing the hydroamination catalyst into contact with a mixture containing ammonia, wherein the mixture containing ammonia contains less than 40 wt.-% olefin.
Abstract:
A process for preparing a primary amine with a tertiary alpha carbon atom by reacting a tertiary alcohol with ammonia in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst, by performing the reaction in the presence of a nonmicroporous nonzeolitic aluminosilicate as a catalyst, said aluminosilicate having a molar Al/Si ratio in the range from 0.1 to 30.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing polyolalkylethers by reacting at least three compounds having hydroxy functions with olefins in the presence of acidic catalysts at temperatures of between 20 - 250 °C and pressures of between 0,5 - 10 bar. The olefins correspond to general formula (I), wherein R 1 represents hydrogen and R 2 is linear or branched carbon radicals having 7 - 28 carbon atoms, or R 1 and R 2 respectively represent linear or branched carbon radicals having 1 - 27 carbon atoms, whereby the number of carbon atoms of R 1 and R 2 is, at maximum, 28. The invention also relates to polyolalkylethers which are derived from compounds having at least three hydroxy functions, or all hydroxy functions until one is replaced by a grouping of general formula (VIII). The invention further relates to said polyolalkylethers as surfactants and said washing and cleaning agents containing polyolalkylethers.