摘要:
The present invention provides a method and system of anticipating salt depletion in a brine tank of a water softener system, the system including a controller having a user interface and display, the method comprising the steps of tracking salt usage; determining the amount of salt remaining in the brine tank; calculating the number of days before salt is required in the brine tank based on salt usage and the amount of salt remaining in the brine tank; and providing an indication of the number of days to empty, whereby a user is able to anticipate the need to replenish the salt supply and plan accordingly to assure continuous satisfactory operation of the water softener system.
摘要:
An ion exchange resin plant comprises a tank (10) divided into two separate compartments, a first compartment (11) and a second compartment (12), containing the exchanging resins, said first and second compartments (11, 12) being arranged so as to allow the plant to operate in continuous so that when one compartment is effecting water purification, the other compartment is regenerating the exchanging resins.
摘要:
A method of reclaiming spent aqueous brine solutions used in the regeneration of water-softening resins is disclosed. An aqueous chloride or other brine solution is acidified with HC1 to a pH of between about 0.5 and 6 and a soluble sulfate salt, preferably Na2SO4 is added, together with a precipitation inhibitor of the type polyacrylamide. Following such treatment, the spent brine is pumped at high pressure axially through a spirally-wound nanofiltration-type membrane device which is effective to remove at least about 90 % of the divalent hardness while allowing passage therethrough of at least about 90 % of the monovalent cations. As a result of such treatment, about 90 to 95 % of the volume of spent brine can be efficiently and effectively reclaimed in a form in which it is suitable for use again in regenerating water-softening resins or the like.
摘要翻译:回收用于水软化树脂再生的废水水溶液的方法。 将氯化水溶液或其他盐水用HCl酸化至约0.5至6的pH,并加入可溶性硫酸盐,优选Na 2 SO 4以及聚丙烯酰胺型沉淀抑制剂。 在这样的处理之后,废盐水在高压下轴向泵送通过螺旋缠绕的纳滤膜装置,其有效地除去至少约90%的二价硬度,同时允许通过其中至少约90%的一价 阳离子。 作为这种处理的结果,废盐水的体积的约90至95%可以以适于再次使用水软化树脂等的形式有效且有效地回收。
摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung hydroxylgruppenhaltiger Polymere, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Polytetrahydrofuran mit endständigen Hydroxylgruppen, aus den entsprechenden acyloxygruppenhaltigen Polymeren durch Umesterung mit Alkoholen in Gegenwart eines natriumhaltigen Katalysators. Bei diesem Verfahren wird die Polytetrahydrofuran-Lösung im Anschluß an die Umesterung zur Abtrennung der Natrium-Kationen in Gegenwart einer katalytischen Menge Wasser direkt durch zumindest einen Ionenaustauscher geleitet. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ermöglicht die Entfernung der Natrium-Kationen des natriumhaltigen Katalysators in wirtschaftlicher Weise und mit geringem Aufwand. Der Natrium-Restgehalt kann auf Werte von weniger als 0,5ppm gesenkt werden.
摘要:
An improved method for regenerating ion exchange resin in a treatment tank having a flow direction, which includes the steps of providing a supply of regenerant under pressure into the tank, and introducing the regenerant into the tank in an opposite flow direction to the treatment flow direction. In the preferred embodiment, the regenerant is a combination of CO 2 which is mixed with water to form carbonic acid and citric acid. This mixture is then introduced into the treatment tank without storage.
摘要:
Process for regeneration of ion-exchange resins, used in sugar decolorization, using a sucrose solution with sodium or calcium chloride, or another chloride, namely potassium or a mixture of those chlorides, alkalinised with calcium hydroxide. The effluent from this resin regeneration process, containing sucrose and a low content of chloride ions, can be used, directly or after a chemical or physical treatment, in sugar production or sugar refining processes.
摘要:
The invention relates to a device for regenerating an ion exchange cartridge. In household appliances with an electric heating element for heating water, such as irons, coffee makers, and electric water kettles, deposition of scale is prevented by using an ion exchange cartridge (16) comprising a resin (23) which binds alkaline earth metal ions such as Ca?2+ and Mg2+¿, but also negative ions such as SO¿4?2- and CO¿3?2- ions. The device is a simple tool in which the cartridge can be inserted for regeneration. The device comprises a reservoir (2) with an outlet (10) to which an inlet (6) of the cartridge can be coupled. By filling the reservoir with a brine, for example 1 l of water with 10 % by weight of NaCl, said brine will flow through the cartridge replacing the alkaline earth metal ions, carbonate ions, and sulfate ions in the resin with the alkali metal ions (Na+) and the chloride ions (Cl-) of the brine. The brine can be easily drained into a sink.
摘要:
A method of reclaiming spent aqueous brine solutions used in the regeneration of water-softening resins is disclosed. An aqueous chloride or other brine solution is acidified with HC1 to a pH of between about 0.5 and 6 and a soluble sulfate salt, preferably Na2SO4 is added, together with a precipitation inhibitor of the type polyacrylamide. Following such treatment, the spent brine is pumped at high pressure axially through a spirally-wound nanofiltration-type membrane device which is effective to remove at least about 90 % of the divalent hardness while allowing passage therethrough of at least about 90 % of the monovalent cations. As a result of such treatment, about 90 to 95 % of the volume of spent brine can be efficiently and effectively reclaimed in a form in which it is suitable for use again in regenerating water-softening resins or the like.