摘要:
A performance evaluation analysis for optical transmission systems is disclosed. A reference eye mask is defined for a transmitter and for a reference optical transmission link. The quality of the transmission for a live path is determined by applying the reference eye mask on the eye diagram of the electrical signal recovered at a point of measurement with a distortion measurement unit. The point of measurement could be established at a receiver optical connection plane, for measuring the optical transmission link and transmitter penalty, or could be at the optical connection plane of a transmitter, for measuring the performance of the transmitter. The optical path may include optical amplifiers, dispersion compensating modules, active and passive components.
摘要:
Access to a CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) network (10) is provided via a telephone line (12) by providing a master modem (34) at the head end and a slave modem (32) at the subscriber end of the line. The master modem provides a CSMA/CD interface (36) to the network and controls half duplex communications with the slave modem via the line to avoid collisions of information packets on the line. The information packets are enveloped in frames on the line with error checking information; control information between the modems is contained in the same and/or in separate frames. The modulation method and signal bandwidth can be varied depending on errors to provide optimum communications capacity via any particular line, and a ratio of upstream to downstream information packets can be varied depending on buffer fills at the modems. The master modem can be multiplexed for multiple lines. The modulated signal frequencies are above telephone signal frequencies so that each line can be frequency diplexed for simultaneous telephone communications.
摘要:
The invention manifests a secure, on-demand meet-me conferencing service embodied within a telephone network having an advanced intelligent network (AIN) infrastructure. Centralized control from a service control point of provisioned conferencing bridges located in network switches is effected in the AIN telephone network, thereby overcoming the resource efficiency limitations and corresponding costs of the prior art systems. In addition, it enables the local exchange carrier (LEC) to offer of a new type of conferencing service at a lower cost where prior reservation of conferencing facilities is no longer necessary and which possesses other advantages with respect to ease of use, ease of administration, availability and security. Users of the service first subscribe to it, and then utilize paired primary and secondary authorization codes to access a conference.
摘要:
A miniature loudspeaker assembly comprises a loudspeaker drive unit (10) housed in an enclosure (12). The drive unit (10) comprises a magnet unit (24) defining a magnetic air gap (18), a voice coil (16) extending at least partly in the air gap, and a diaphragm (14) coupled to and driven by the voice coil. Magnetic fluid (26) is injected into the air gap to occupy interstices between the voice coil and the poles (20, 22) of the magnet unit. The enclosure (12) has a volume between about one eighth and about double a compliance equivalent volume of the loudspeaker drive unit. Preferably, the enclosure volume is less than or equal to the compliance equivalent volume of the drive unit. The enclosure may have a port (52). The free space resonance frequency of the ported enclosure (12) may be between about 50 per cent and about 60 per cent of the free space resonance frequency of the loudspeaker drive unit.
摘要:
When two or more telephone sets are in use on the same subscriber's loop, their activities may not be properly detected or monitored by the central office switch. The present invention provides a method of and an apparatus for coordinating activities so that call waiting caller ID or off-hook caller ID or other service features can work even if there are off-hook extensions on the same loop. The invention ensures that only one set among a plurality of off-hook sets responds to the switch.
摘要:
In current voice telephony, CATV, and wireless networks, traffic is channelized for both access and transport. This channelization is wasteful of resources where multiple services have varying demands for bandwidth and holding times, or a service generates traffic that is bursty in nature. The invention solves these problems by providing flexible and adaptable multiservice access to the networks. Customer requirements are checked by monitoring traffic on a local access at a connection request and/or during the established connection, and the local access is configured according to the transmission requirements. The local access can also be configured in response to the network information.
摘要:
A low noise linear amplifier and a microwave voltage controlled oscillator constructed from such amplifier. Each amplifier within the VCO utilizes a ratioed transistor configuration to generate a linear output over a wide range of inputs. Output current from the amplifier is split into a main output current and components of in-phase and 180° out-of-phase current. A logarithmic tuning control combines the components of in-phase and 180° out-of-phase currents in inverse ratio to provide a constant d.c. feedback current.
摘要:
A method of increasing the terminal coupling loss in a digital half-duplex handsfree terminal is provided. When the terminal receive channel is active an idle code which is effectively zero is transmitted by an idle code generator. When the terminal transmit channel is active a normal speech signal is transmitted. To determine which channel is active, a receive speech signal level is measured at the receive channel input, and a 'virtual' transmit speech signal is computed from a signal in the transmit channel before the idle code generator.
摘要:
A plurality of end devices are coupled via a shared port to an asynchronous network in which traffic is carried in cells. A cell multiplexer is disposed between the devices and the port and is adapted to multiplex cells from the devices to the port in the order in which they are received by the multiplexer. The multiplexer broadcasts cells received from the network to all of the devices. Each said device is allocated a respective VCI so that it can identify its own cells from the broadcast cells.
摘要:
An arrangement for connecting a device or end system to an ATM network incorporates a device controller coupled to the end system via first and second virtual channels across the network. The device controller discovers and boots the end system via the first virtual channel and performs proxy signalling means via the second virtual channel for on behalf of the end system.