摘要:
Techniques for comparing blocks of pixels (103, 107) in digital image encoding. The techniques apply a pattern of elements containing contiguous pixels to the blocks being compared, and only the pixels (105) in the elements are compared. The pixels are contiguous in the horizontal dimension of the digital image, which ensures that the block matching process is sensitive to small-scale vertical features of the image. A version of the technique which is particularly advantageous for use with DSP's that can process the pixels in a word in parallel uses checkerboard patterns in which each element is a word. Variations on the patterns take into account the fact that the block of pixels being compared may be word-aligned, misaligned by one pixel, misaligned by two pixels, and misaligned by three pixels.
摘要:
Mechanically and thermally improved rechargeable batteries, modules and fluid-cooled battery systems are disclosed herein. The battery is prismatic in shape with an optimized thickness to width to height aspect ratio which provides the battery with balanced optimal properties when compared to prismatic batteries lacking this optimized aspect ratio. The optimized thickness, width and height allow for maximum capacity and power output, while eliminating deleterious side effects. The battery case allows for unidirectional expansion which is readily compensated for by applying external mechanical compression counter to that direction. In the module (32), the batteries are bound within a bundling/compression means under external mechanical compression which is optimized to balance outward pressure due to expansion and provide additional inward compression to reduce the distance between the positive and negative electrodes, thereby increasing overall battery power. The fluid-cooled battery pack (39) includes a battery-pack case (40) having coolant inlets (41) and outlets (42); battery modules within the case such that they are spaced from the case walls and from each other to form coolant flow channels (43) along at least one surface of the bundled batteries; and at least one coolant transport means (44). The width of the coolant flow channels allows for maximum heat transfer. Finally, the batteries, modules and packs can also include means for providing variable thermal insulation to at least that portion of the rechargeable battery system which is most directly exposed to ambient thermal conditions, so as to maintain the temperature of the system within the desired operating range thereof under variable ambient conditions.
摘要:
Multilayered plastic bottles are disclosed having oxygen scavenging capacity sufficient to maintain substantially zero or near zero (depending on product requirements) presence of oxygen in the bottle cavity for the planned shelf life of the bottled product under specified storage conditions. The bottles feature a layer comprised of oxygen scavenger copolyester and may be used for bottling beer and other products requiring nearly total absence of oxygen for the duration of the target product shelf life.
摘要:
A valve bag (80, 80') is provided having a self-closing valve (92, 92') extending exteriorly outward from a front side panel (82, 82'). The valve (92, 92') includes a valve sleeve (96, 96') and valve tube support members (94, 94', 95, 95'). The valve sleeve (96, 96') and the valve tube support members (94', 95') extend exteriorly from and internally of the valve bag (80, 80'). The internal portion (106, 106') of the valve sleeve seals the valve (92, 92') of the bag subsequent to filling of the bag with material. The valve (92, 92') is then further sealed at the portion of the valve sleeve (96, 96') that extends exteriorly of the front side panel (82, 82').
摘要:
A frequency synthesizer loop (200) includes a first voltage controlled oscillator (201) and a first divider circuit (202) for dividing a frequency of an output signal generated by the first voltage controlled oscillator (201) by a factor of N. The synthesizer loop (200) further includes a phase/frequency detector circuit (203), a loop filter circuit (204), a summing circuit (206), a feedforward amplifier (205), a second voltage controlled oscillator (207), and a second divider circuit (208), wherein the second divider circuit (208) divides a second output signal generated by the second voltage controlled oscillator (207) by a factor of M, and a microprocessor (210) varies the value of M to keep the first voltage in the middle of a range of the second voltage controlled oscillator (207).
摘要:
A communication system for coupling telephony or other signals to a broadband network such as a CATV network. The system transmits a multiplex of telephony signals in the forward band of the broadband network, with individual signals directed to an addressed subscriber. Telephony signals returning from subscribers upstream to a headend unit (HIU) are modulated onto the reverse band of the broadband network in a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) arrangement. The upstream modulated telephony signals are received at a telephony network interface at the HIU coupled to the broadband network. A group of reverse band modulated telephony signals are received at a group receiver or channelizer. The group receiver processes all upstream telephony signals within a selected spectral subband in the reverse band to apply a receiver matched filter with a weighted overlap and add circuit, and are then converted to baseband by an FFT circuit. The group receiver provides a serial data stream representing the baseband telephony signals. The baseband telephony signals are processed to derive demodulated telephony signals. The demodulated telephony signals are coupled to the telephony network.
摘要:
A method for processing and converting a plant and/or animal material or biomass into novel reusable biological products by means of a combination of biomechanical treatments and biochemical interactions in an enclosed chamber, is disclosed. A main feature of the method is that the physical parameters (pressure, temperature, kneading rate, humidity) are quickly and separately controlled (120-129, 100-110) in a series of stages without adding chemicals and residues. The use of a device for processing and converting a biomass into such novel products, wherein said physical parameters may be separately controlled, is also disclosed.
摘要:
A communications system includes first and second fiber optic links, each including at least one fiber optic cable, and a coaxial distribution plant including coaxial distribution lines (56, 58, 60 and 66) and a plurality of amplifiers (62). A first fiber optic node (57) couples the the first fiber optic link to the coaxial distribution plant and a second fiber optic node (52) located proximate to one of the amplifiers of the coaxial distribution plant couples the second fiber optic link to the coaxial distribution plant.
摘要:
Two solid state laser structures are provided which are optimized for multimode operation. The first laser structure has a plurality of normal incidence optically transmissive surfaces in the laser cavity (11, 12). The most reflective one of those normal incidence surfaces (18) is disposed at the optical center (16) of the laser cavity (11, 12). The gain medium (20) is centered in the subcavity (11, 18) defined by a cavity mirror and the optical center (16). In the second laser structure, there are no normal incidence surfaces in the laser cavity (31, 32), and the gain medium (30) is disposed at the optical center (36) of the laser cavity (31, 32). The laser structures are employed to construct erbium glass lasers which are not only optimized from multimode operation but also have effective cooling of the gain medium (30) and minimized thermal lensing effect.
摘要:
An active matrix liquid crystal display panel (1) comprises a plurality of liquid crystal display elements (2) distributed in a matrix of rows and columns; means (10-11) for supplying video signals and display element selection signals, including row and column conductors (4-9); and a plurality of threshold switching elements (3) each serially coupled between the corresponding row or column conductor (4-9) and the liquid crystal display element (2) and each acting as a display element selection device and a current isolation device, wherein the threshold switching elements (3) have an off state resistance of 1,000,000,000 ohms.