摘要:
The invention relates to the field of chemistry, especially organic chemistry, and more specifically the field of heterogeneous palladium catalysts used to catalyse chemical reactions involving the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. The invention also relates to a method for synthesising a heterogeneous palladium catalyst that can catalyse a C-C coupling reaction, said method essentially comprising steps of providing a solid substrate onto which groups of formula -PR1R2, wherein R1 is an optionally substituted alkyl group, or an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group, et R2 is an optionally substituted aryl group or an optionally substituted heteroaryl group, have been covalently bonded, and incorporating a catalytically effective amount of palladium into the resulting substituted substrate. The invention further relates to the resulting catalysts and to the uses thereof in C-C coupling reactions.
摘要:
The invention relates to a flexible endoscope device comprising an elongated flexible body having an end segment bearing or defining the endoscope head, and provided with an optical system and that can be curved or bent in at least two mutually perpendicular directions, said elongated body being functionally connected at the other end thereof to a control means capable of controlling at least the movements and/or the arrangement of said end segment. The device (1) is characterised in that it further comprises automatic flexion and positioning means of the end segment (3) by visual control, said means essentially comprising a video processing means (6) for receiving the images or video signals provided by the optical system (4) of the endoscope head (3') using a computer means (7) capable of carrying out visual control operations on the basis of the processed video signals and of transmitting control signals, and actuation means (8, 8') that are part of or associated with the control means (6) capable of controlling the end segment (3) and receiving the control signals supplied by the computer means (7).
摘要:
The subject of the present invention is a device for the controlled translational displacement of an elongate element ending in a functional frontal end, particularly an instrument or a tool intended to be brought into an internal location within a patient, more specifically an investigative instrument or surgical tool placed inside a catheter or inside an operating or working canal of a flexible endoscope, said device comprising a linear actuator acting at the rear end of the elongate element which is the end situated at the opposite end to its functional frontal end. The device (1) is characterized in that the actuator (5) consists in a direct drive electromagnetic linear motor comprising a shaft (6) able to move in translation with respect to a stator and driving the elongate element (2), it being possible also for said shaft (6) to be coupled to a rotary motor.
摘要:
The present invention concerns a method to determine the efficiency of a solvent to impregnate a sample material for use in a dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, characterized in that the method comprising: - selecting a non-aqueous solvent, - providing a polarizing agent that is soluble in the non-aqueous solvent, - dissolving the polarizing agent in the non-aqueous solvent, - impregnating or dissolving the sample material with the non-aqueous solvent containing the polarizing agent, - performing a solid state DNP NMR experiment on the impregnated sample material, - determining a DNP enhancement factor of the DNP NMR experiment.