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公开(公告)号：EP0168007A2
公开(公告)日：1986-01-15
申请号：EP85108402.0
申请日：1985-07-06
申请人： FINGERMATRIX INC.
发明人： Schiller, Michael
CPC分类号： G06K9/00033 , A61B5/1172 , G06K9/00026 , G07C9/00158
摘要： A fingerprint image is derived from the direct optical reading of a finger by an optical and electronic scan of the finger with a beam of coherent, collimated light. The beam is shaped in the form of a slit of light which extends the length of the finger zone to be interrogated. That slit light beam is scanned across the finger in a direction perpendicular to the axis of that slit. The rays which constitute the interrogating light in the slit define an incident light beam in the form of a plane which is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the finger being interrogated. The light beam and the rest of the optical system is rotated about an axis that is substantially coincident with the axis of the finger so that this perpendicular relationship between the plane of the interrogating light beam and the surface of the finger is maintained throughout the scan.
摘要翻译： 指纹图像是通过手指的光学和电子扫描用一束相干的准直光从手指的直接光学读取导出的。 光束被成形为狭缝的形式，其延伸要被询问的手指区域的长度。 该切割光束在与该狭缝的轴线垂直的方向上横过手指扫描。 构成狭缝中的询问光的射线限定入射光束的形式，该平面基本垂直于被询问的手指的表面。 光束和光学系统的其余部分围绕基本上与手指的轴线重合的轴线旋转，使得询问光束的平面与手指的表面之间的这种垂直关系在整个扫描期间保持。
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公开(公告)号：EP0098607A2
公开(公告)日：1984-01-18
申请号：EP83106663.4
申请日：1983-07-07
申请人： FINGERMATRIX INC.
发明人： Schiller, Michael
CPC分类号： G06K9/00046 , A61B5/1172
摘要： @ In an optical fingerprint image processing apparatus a light beam is scanned across a finger placed against a transparent platen in order to provide a reflected modulated light beam carrying fingerprint information. The modulated light beam is imaged and the image is intercepted by an array of photo receptors that detect the image and convert the optical signal into electrical signals. The improvement is in placing a diffuser element, which may be a ground glass wafer, in the interrogating light beam. The diffusion of the light beam acts as an effective filter to eliminate the higher spatial frequency components of the optical image and thus provide a fingerprint image having improved continuity.
摘要翻译： 在光学指纹图像处理设备中，横跨穿过透明台板放置的手指扫描光束，以便提供携带指纹信息的反射调制光束。 被调制的光束成像，并且图像被检测图像并将光信号转换成电信号的光电受体阵列截获。 改进在于在询问光束中放置漫射元件，其可以是磨玻璃晶片。 光束的扩散作为有效的滤光器来消除光学图像的较高空间频率分量，从而提供具有改进的连续性的指纹图像。
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公开(公告)号：EP0090377A2
公开(公告)日：1983-10-05
申请号：EP83102997.0
申请日：1983-03-25
申请人： FINGERMATRIX INC.
发明人： Schiller, Michael
CPC分类号： G07C9/00158 , G06K9/00067 , G06K9/40 , G06K9/46 , G06K9/62 , G06K9/68 , G06K9/80
摘要： An automatic fingerprint enrollment and identification technique is provided for automatically processing an input image represented by pixels having either a one or a zero value. The automatic processing involves a series of steps in which the initial processing is a rough screening technique for eliminating a reasonable portion of the noise while passing through almost all of the minutia. As the steps proceed, the processing becomes more complex to provide a tighter screening out of noise while passing through as much of the minutia as possible. The later steps by operating on relatively fewer minutia or anomaly points that the earlier steps can be economical though more complex so as to be more discriminate than the earlier steps. The processing provides an optimum trade off between enrolling as large a proportion of the population as possible while minimizing the number of false identification errors.
摘要翻译： 提供自动指纹登记和识别技术，用于自动处理由具有一个或零值的像素表示的输入图像。 自动处理包括一系列步骤，其中初始处理是粗略筛选技术，用于在通过几乎所有细节时消除合理的噪音部分。 随着步骤的进行，处理变得越来越复杂，以便在尽可能多地通过细节的同时提供更严格的噪声屏蔽。 后面的步骤通过在相对较少的细节或异常情况下进行操作指出，较早的步骤可能比较经济，但较为复杂，以致比以前的步骤更具歧视性。 该处理提供了在尽可能多地注册人口比例之间的最佳折衷，同时最小化了错误识别错误的数量。
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公开(公告)号：EP0345368A1
公开(公告)日：1989-12-13
申请号：EP88109114.4
申请日：1988-06-08
申请人： FINGERMATRIX INC.
IPC分类号： A61B5/10
CPC分类号： G06K9/00013 , A61B5/1172
摘要： A curved cylindrical segment platen (18) has a concave touching surface (18b). An interrogating slit light beam is scanned around the platen to scan a finger held against the touching surface. An optical imaging system images (20) the zone illuminated onto an array of photo-transducers (22) to provide a signal representing the fingerprint. The optical system is rotated (40) around the platen. The axis (17) of the interrogating light beam (16) is substantially normal to the touching surface (18b). The axis (28a) of the imaging system is off normal by about 56 degrees, an amount which is greater than a critical angle equal to the maximum angle of refraction (MAR) in the platen. This critical angle is approximately 41 degrees. The axis (28) of the imaging system is also off normal to the non-touching surface (18a) by an angle that is less than this critical angle of 4l degrees and thus less than the angle of total internal reflection (TIR). As a consequence, the image at the photo-transducers provides a completely dark valley zone and a sharply contrasting light image ridge ,zone.
摘要翻译： 弯曲的圆柱形段压板（18）具有凹形接触表面（18b）。 围绕压板扫描询问狭缝光束，以扫描保持在触摸表面上的手指。 光学成像系统将照射到光变换器阵列（22）上的区域图像（20），以提供表示指纹的信号。 光学系统围绕压板旋转（40）。 询问光束（16）的轴线（17）基本上垂直于接触表面（18b）。 成像系统的轴线（28a）正常离开约56度，其量大于等于压板中的最大折射角（MAR）的临界角。 该临界角约为41度。 成像系统的轴线（28）也与非接触表面（18a）垂直的角度小于该临界角度为41度并因此小于全内反射角度（TIR）。 因此，光电转换器上的图像提供了一个完全黑暗的谷地区域和一个明显对比的光图像脊，区域。
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公开(公告)号：EP0090377B1
公开(公告)日：1989-09-27
申请号：EP83102997.0
申请日：1983-03-25
申请人： FINGERMATRIX INC.
发明人： Schiller, Michael
CPC分类号： G07C9/00158 , G06K9/00067 , G06K9/40 , G06K9/46 , G06K9/62 , G06K9/68 , G06K9/80
摘要： An automatic fingerprint enrollment and identification technique is provided for automatically processing an input image represented by pixels having either a one or a zero value. The automatic processing involves a series of steps in which the initial processing is a rough screening technique for eliminating a reasonable portion of the noise while passing through almost all of the minutia. As the steps proceed, the processing becomes more complex to provide a tighter screening out of noise while passing through as much of the minutia as possibe. The later steps by operating on relatively fewer minutia or anomaly points that the earlier steps can be economical though more complex so as to be more discriminate than the earlier steps. The processing provides an optimum trade off between enrolling as large a proportion of the population as possible while minimizing the number of false identification errors.
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公开(公告)号：EP0168007A3
公开(公告)日：1986-12-30
申请号：EP85108402
申请日：1985-07-06
申请人： FINGERMATRIX INC.
发明人： SCHILLER, MICHAEL
CPC分类号： G06K9/00033 , A61B5/1172 , G06K9/00026 , G07C9/00158
摘要： A fingerprint image is derived from the direct optical reading of a finger by an optical and electronic scan of the finger with a beam of coherent, collimated light. The beam is shaped in the form of a slit of light which extends the length of the finger zone to be interrogated. That slit light beam is scanned across the finger in a direction perpendicular to the axis of that slit. The rays which constitute the interrogating light in the slit define an incident light beam in the form of a plane which is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the finger being interrogated. The light beam and the rest of the optical system is rotated about an axis that is substantial ly coincident with the axis of the finger so that this perpendicular relationship between the plane of the interro gating light beam and the surface of the finger is maintained throughout the scan.
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公开(公告)号：EP0125532A3
公开(公告)日：1987-05-06
申请号：EP84104529
申请日：1984-04-21
申请人： Fingermatrix, Inc.
发明人： Schiller, Michael , Ginsberg, Emily
CPC分类号： G07C9/00142 , G06K9/00087 , G07C9/00158
摘要： An input fingerprint image consists of ones and zeros pixels representing light and dark pixels which in turn correspond to ridge and valley formations. This image is compared with a reference file fingerprint to verify the identity of the input fingerprint. The reference file has two relatively small segments which are subfields of the entire field of pixels that constituted the original fingerprint image for the individual involved. Two substantially larger domain sub- fields are extracted from the input fingerprint image. The center of each segment corresponds to the center of a respective one of the domains. Each segment is scanned over its corresponding domain to determine the position of maximum ones correlation and maximum zeros correlation between each segment and its corresponding domain. These four positions together with the correlation values associated with each of these four positions are subjected to various criteria to provide positive or negative verification of the input image relative to the reference file. These criteria include (a) positional closenes to one another, (b) exclusion of the positions from a predetermined border of the domain, (c) closeness of the correlation values of certain of the positions, and (d) magnitude of the sum of the ones correlations and zeros correlation for certain of the positions.
摘要翻译： 输入指纹图像由表示光和暗像素的1和0像素组成，这些像素和暗像素又对应于脊和谷地层。 将此图像与参考文件指纹进行比较，以验证输入指纹的身份。 参考文件具有两个相对较小的段，它们是构成所涉及个人的原始指纹图像的整个像素场的子场。 从输入的指纹图像中提取出两个相当大的域子域。 每个段的中心对应于相应一个域的中心。 每个段在其对应域上进行扫描，以确定每个段与其相应域之间的最大值相关位置和最大零相关性。 这四个位置与与这四个位置中的每一个相关联的相关值一起受到各种标准，以提供相对于参考文件的输入图像的正或负验证。 这些标准包括（a）彼此相邻的位置闭合，（b）排除来自该域的预定边界的位置，（c）某些位置的相关值的接近度，以及（d） 某些位置的相关和零相关。
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公开(公告)号：EP0090377A3
公开(公告)日：1984-03-28
申请号：EP83102997
申请日：1983-03-25
申请人： FINGERMATRIX INC.
发明人： Schiller, Michael
CPC分类号： G07C9/00158 , G06K9/00067 , G06K9/40 , G06K9/46 , G06K9/62 , G06K9/68 , G06K9/80
摘要： An automatic fingerprint enrollment and identification technique is provided for automatically processing an input image represented by pixels having either a one or a zero value. The automatic processing involves a series of steps in which the initial processing is a rough screening technique for eliminating a reasonable portion of the noise while passing through almost all of the minutia. As the steps proceed, the processing becomes more complex to provide a tighter screening out of noise while passing through as much of the minutia as possible. The later steps by operating on relatively fewer minutia or anomaly points that the earlier steps can be economical though more complex so as to be more discriminate than the earlier steps. The processing provides an optimum trade off between enrolling as large a proportion of the population as possible while minimizing the number of false identification errors.
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公开(公告)号：EP0052349A1
公开(公告)日：1982-05-26
申请号：EP81109649.4
申请日：1981-11-12
申请人： FINGERMATRIX INC.
发明人： Schiller, Michael
IPC分类号： A61B5/10
CPC分类号： G06K9/00046 , A61B5/1172 , G06K9/00026
摘要： A finger (F) pressed against a platen (32) provides a fingerprint object which is scanned by an interrogating beam of collimated light (30) in the form of a slit and that is linearly displaced across the platen. As the slit-beam scans across the back surface of the platen, the reflected light beam is modulated. The modulated beam is imaged onto a linear array of photodiodes (12) to provide a series of output signals indicative of modulation information. The outputs of the diodes are serially interrogated at each of successive scan positions to provide a set of signals containing fingerprint information. The platen has a transparent glass base (92). A layer of transparent, compressible, resilient epoxy (94) is on the back of the glass base (92). The epoxy layer (94) has a flat back surface. A thin silver reflecting layer (96) on the back surface of the epoxy provides a flat mirrored surface to reflect the light beam. A further epoxy layer (97) on top of the silver provides mechanical filtering. A lacquer layer (99) at the back protects the platen from wear. When a finger is applied to the back surface, the ridges of the finger distort the underlying layers sufficiently so that the reflected light at the ridge zones is scattered while the reflected light at the valley zones is collimated. This difference in scatter is transformed by an imaging lens (65) to a difference in intensity at the diode array (12).
摘要翻译： 被按压在台板（32）上的手指（F）提供指纹对象，该指纹对象被以狭缝形式的准直光（30）的询问光束扫描并且在台板上线性移位。 当狭缝光束在台板的背面扫描时，反射光束被调制。 调制光束成像到光电二极管（12）的线性阵列上以提供指示调制信息的一系列输出信号。 二极管的输出在每个连续的扫描位置被串行询问以提供一组包含指纹信息的信号。 台板具有透明玻璃基座（92）。 一层透明的，可压缩的弹性环氧树脂（94）位于玻璃基座（92）的背面。 环氧树脂层（94）具有平坦的后表面。 环氧树脂背面上的薄银反射层（96）提供平面镜面以反射光束。 银顶部的另一个环氧树脂层（97）提供机械过滤。 背面的漆层（99）可防止压板磨损。 当将手指施加到背面时，手指的脊将底层充分扭曲，使得在脊区的反射光被散射，而在谷区的反射光被准直。 这种散射差异通过成像透镜（65）转换成二极管阵列（12）处的强度差异。
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公开(公告)号：EP0216902A4
公开(公告)日：1989-02-20
申请号：EP86902617
申请日：1986-04-01
申请人： FINGERMATRIX INC
发明人： SCHILLER MICHAEL
CPC分类号： G07C9/00158 , G06K9/00006
摘要： A set of Search identification points (16) derived from an optical scan (12) of a finger are compared against File identification (18) points for the same finger. A multiple comparator (20) divides the finger image into multiple segments. The Search and File points from each segment are compared separately. A difference table (D.T.) (22) provides a proximity value Q for each search point. The D.T. is purged (28, 30) of all entries representing multiple Search points. The purge keeps those entries having the highest Q value. The purged D.T. with recalculated Q values is the basis for correcting the position of each Search point on the image plane to compensate for shift in finger position and for the variable distortion and changes that come about in a finger over time and upon successive applications of the finger to input scan (40). The corrected Search points are compared against the File points to establish a new D.T. A proximity value Q for each entry on this D.T. is calculated and a proximity value Q for the entire table is calculated. These proximity values in view of the number of entries on the difference table are used to verify identification in a scoring routine (52).
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