摘要:
A membrane electrode assembly comprises (a) a solid electrolyte polymer membrane; (b) an anode electrocatalyst layer disposed at one surface of the membrane and comprising a first electrocatalyst composition comprising carbon substrate particles and nanoparticles comprising an alloy of platinum and ruthenium disposed on the surface of the substrate particles; (c) a cathode electrocatalyst layer disposed at an opposite surface of the membrane, the cathode layer comprising a second electrocatalyst composition different from the first electrocatalyst composition and comprising carbon substrate particles and nanoparticles comprising platinum disposed on the surface of the substrate particles; and (d) gas diffusion layers disposed over each of the anode and cathode electrocatalyst layers. When operating in a direct methanol fuel cell with an active area of 25 cm2 and under conditions including a supply of IM methanol to the anode electrocatalyst layer at a rate of 3 ml per minute, a supply of air to the cathode electrocatalyst layer at a rate of 400 seem, the membrane electrode assembly provides an output voltage of 0.4 volt and a temperature of 7OoC, provides a power output in excess of 120 mW/cm2 and a normalized performance in excess of 34 mW/mgPt.
摘要:
A membrane electrode assembly comprises (a) a solid electrolyte polymer membrane; (b) an anode electrocatalyst layer disposed at one surface of the membrane and comprising a first electrocatalyst composition comprising carbon substrate particles and nanoparticles comprising an alloy of platinum and ruthenium disposed on the surface of the substrate particles; (c) a cathode electrocatalyst layer disposed at an opposite surface of the membrane, the cathode layer comprising a second electrocatalyst composition different from the first electrocatalyst composition and comprising carbon substrate particles and nanoparticles comprising platinum disposed on the surface of the substrate particles; and (d) gas diffusion layers disposed over each of the anode and cathode electrocatalyst layers. When operating in a direct methanol fuel cell with an active area of 25 cm2 and under conditions including a supply of IM methanol to the anode electrocatalyst layer at a rate of 3 ml per minute, a supply of air to the cathode electrocatalyst layer at a rate of 400 seem, the membrane electrode assembly provides an output voltage of 0.4 volt and a temperature of 7OoC, provides a power output in excess of 120 mW/cm2 and a normalized performance in excess of 34 mW/mgPt.
摘要:
In a method of producing a particulate electrocatalyst composition, a precursor medium comprising at least a first metal precursor, a liquid vehicle, and a substrate precursor to substrate particles is atomized into precursor droplets. The droplets are then heated to a reaction temperature of not greater than 700°C to form composite particles comprising said first metal at least partly in an oxide form dispersed on said substrate particles. The composite particles are then collected and are heated at a first treatment temperature no greater than 250°C in the presence of a reducing atmosphere to at least partly convert said oxide form to the metal.