摘要:
A developing device includes: a developing container, a feeding member, a developer carrying member, and a collecting device. A coverage which is a percentage of coating of surfaces of the carrier particles with the toner particles is 100 % or more and 200 % or less. The developer carrying member has a plurality of recessed portions formed on a surface thereof so that at least the toner particles having an average particle size are contactable with inner surfaces of the recessed portions and the carrier particles having an average particle size are not contactable with the inner surfaces of the recessed portions. The recessed portions are formed so that not less than halves of the toner particles having the average particle size are exposed from the recessed portions when the toner particles having the average particle size enter the recessed portions.
摘要:
A solid-state secondary battery includes an active material layer having a plurality of active material particles in a layer thickness direction, an electrolyte layer that performs transfer of active material ions with the active material particles, and a current collector layer that performs transfer of electrons with the active material particles. The active material layer has, in the layer thickness direction, a first region where a specific surface area of the active material particles is lower than that in another region in the layer thickness direction.
摘要:
A developer supply member (23), a toner collecting member (24), and a transfer member (40) are arranged in order from an upper stream in a rotation direction of a developer bearing member (22), the developer bearing member bears an electrostatic image and includes a plurality of concave portions (St), a proportion of the concave portions per unit area in at least a toner bearing region of the developer bearing member is 55% or higher, a difference of potential is formed between the developer bearing member and the toner collecting member, and the toner t on the surface of the developer bearing member is collected through the difference of potential.
摘要:
A magnetic carrier having magnetic carrier particles each containing at least a magnetic core particle and a resin; the magnetic carrier having a resistivity of from 1.0×10 6 Ω·cm or more to 1.0×10 10 Ω·cm or less at an electric-field intensity of 1.0×10 3 V/cm as found by measuring dynamic impedance; electric-field intensity E(10 9 ) at which the resistivity of the magnetic carrier comes to 1.0×10 9 Ω·cm being 2.0×10 4 V/cm or less, and electric-field intensity E(10 8 ) at which the resistivity of the magnetic carrier comes to 1.0×10 8 Ω·cm being from 5.0×10 3 V/cm or more to 2.8×10 4 V/cm or less; and the electric-field intensity E(10 8 ) and the electric-field intensity E(10 9 ) being in a ratio, E(10 8 )/E(10 9 ), of from 1.0 or more to 5.0 or less.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus comprising: a charging device that charges an image bearing member; an exposure device that forms said electrostatic image by exposing a surface of said image bearing member; a developing device that has a developer carrying member on which a developer including a toner and a magnetic carrier is carried; and a power supply that applies a developing bias on said developer carrying member; wherein said developing bias is an oscillating voltage having a peak voltage V 1 a peak voltage V 2 ; a duty ratio Du (%); said magnetic carrier has a characteristic that: said magnetic carrier has a resistivity ρ which decreases in accordance with an increasing electric field strength, and a relative dielectric constant ε which increases in accordance with an increasing electric field strength; a product of a time constant ε 0 ερ(s) of electric charge decay, which is denoted by a dielectric constant of a vacuum ε 0 , the relative dielectric constant ε of said magnetic carrier, and said resistivity ρ in an electric field strength E 2D decided by said peak voltage V 2 and said dark potential V D , and said electric field strength E 2D satisfies a relation of 20 ≤ ε 0 ερ E 2D (s·V/cm); and said time constant ε 0 ερ(s) and said relative dielectric constant ε in an electric field strength E 1L , which is decided by said first peak voltage V 1 and said bright potential V L , satisfy the following relations: ε 0 ερ(s) ≤ 6.0 x 10 -4 , and 30 ≤ ε.
摘要:
Active material particles for use in an active material layer include a particle portion containing an active material, and a protective layer covering the surface of the particle portion.
摘要:
A developer supply member (23), a toner collecting member (24), and a transfer member (40) are arranged in order from an upper stream in a rotation direction of a developer bearing member (22), the developer bearing member bears an electrostatic image and includes a plurality of concave portions (St), a proportion of the concave portions per unit area in at least a toner bearing region of the developer bearing member is 55% or higher, a difference of potential is formed between the developer bearing member and the toner collecting member, and the toner t on the surface of the developer bearing member is collected through the difference of potential.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide a two-component developer which can achieve a high-definition image with a smaller toner laid-on level than a conventional one, provides a color gamut comparable to that of printing, can respond to an increase in printing speed, and allows an image with a stable tinge to be formed even in long-term use. The object can be achieved by a two-component developer containing a cyan toner and a magnetic carrier, the two-component developer being characterized in that the cyan toner has the following characteristics: (i) when the concentration of the cyan toner in a solution of the cyan toner in chloroform is represented by Cc (mg/ml) and the absorbance of the solution at a wavelength of 712 nm is represented by A712, a relationship between Cc and A712 satisfies the relationship of 2.00