摘要:
The invention relates to a method for selectively detecting and/or quantifying superparamagnetic and/or ferromagnetic particles on analytes. The method is characterized in that a frequency component of magnetic fields (15, 18), which is generated due to the non-linearity of the magnetization characteristic curve of the particles, is measured at a mixing frequency. A device for selectively detecting and/or quantifying superparamagnetic and/or ferromagnetic particles on analytes comprises: a container (12) that contains particles, which are to be detected and/or quantified, on analytes; at least one oscillator (13, 16; 25) for generating frequencies of alternating magnetic fields (15, 18); at least one field generator (14, 17) for subjecting the analytes to alternating magnetic fields (15, 18); a magnetic field sensor (20) for measuring a response magnetic field (19) of the particles, and; at least one phase-sensitive detector (21, 23). These elements are configured in such a manner as to enable a frequency component of the magnetic fields (15, 18), which is generated due to the non-linearity of the magnetization characteristic curve of the particles, to be measured at a mixing frequency.
摘要:
The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring biological characteristics of a sample, the sample being in contact with the gate of a field-effect transistor. According to the invention, an AC voltage is applied to the sample. The nature of the sample then governs the extent to which charges are transferred to the gate. The presence of such charges can be tested using the field-effect transistor, for example using a source-drain current. The invention can be used to measure the response of a biological sample to an AC voltage at zero current and therefore very much more sensitively than by using impedance measurements based on the prior art, in which small currents are to be measured. It is possible to examine single cells or else portions of cells, the prior art having been able to attain a sufficiently large signal only on cell complexes containing a large number of cells.
摘要:
The SQUID Bootstrap Circuit (SBC) consists of a mutually coupled dc-SQUID and a feedback coil. The SQUID and the coil are connected in series. The feedback coil, which can be made of a superconductor or of a normal metal, can be either integrated on the SQUID chip, or be placed separately next to the SQUID. Together, both SQUID and coil form a novel two-terminal device, which will be named SBC. The invention combines the advantages of both, APF and NC and avoids certain drawbacks thereof. With the help of this new design, the current or voltage -Phi characteristics of SQUID will be asymmetric and the equivalent dynamic resistance will be changed.
摘要:
The invention relates to a device for recording electrical signals from cells (Isig), immobilised on an electrode, whereby the electrode is formed of a parallel circuit of a capacitance (Ce) and a resistance (Re). The device is directly connected to an amplifier (OP) for signal transmission. A broadband and low-noise measurement of signals from the cells is thus possible.
摘要:
The inventive method for operating a dc SQUID (A) with a parallel-connected coupling transformer (B) comprises a step, wherein a non-constant ac bias current (Ib) is supplied. Said supplied non-constant ac bias current compensates the current (Ic) induced by the transformer in such a way that the current flowing through the SQUID has a periodic rectangular function. This makes it possible to advantageously achieve low-noise operation of up to high reversal frequencies of over 100 kHz.
摘要:
The invention relates to a system for measuring magnetic flows. Said system comprises a substrate which has a high dielectric constant and is placed between the SQUID and the reading loop. Advantageously, the substrate consists of SrTi0>3
摘要:
The invention relates to an assembly for connecting an rf-SQUID magnetometer to a supraconductive tank circuit on a substrate, in which a resonator and the rf-SQUID form a coplanar structure, the rf-SQUID having a SQUID washer structure. In said assembly, the resonator is configured within the space delimited by the rf-SQUID.
摘要:
The invention relates to a system for measuring magnetic flows. Said system comprises a substrate (3) which has a high dielectric constant and is placed between the SQUID (1) and the reading loop (2). Advantageously, the substrate consists of SrTi03 having a dielectric constant ε of approximately 2000 at a temperature of 77 K. Said substrate thus acts as a resonator which advantageously absorbs the radiated rf-energy. The operating point of the SQUID is significantly more stable than in a corresponding coplanar system, and the sensitivity reached of the HTSL-SQUID is advantageously increased.