摘要:
The present invention relates to an atomic vapor cell, for atomic or molecular spectroscopy, optical pumping, and/or spin-based atomic sensing, comprising a host substrate (101) and defined there within a buried or non-buried chamber (102) laser written in the host substrate (101), with either planar or three-dimensional geometry, and intended to contain an atomic vapor. The present invention also relates to an integrated atomic/photonic device and an apparatus, in both cases comprising the atomic vapor cell of the invention, and to a method for fabricating the atomic vapor cell of the invention.
摘要:
The invention regards a method for realizing a waveguide in a substrate by means of a femtosecond laser system, the waveguide having a birefringence axis at a predetermined angle for at least a segment, such method including: - preparing a substrate in which the waveguide has to be realized, such substrate including a free surface onto which the pulsed laser beam is impinging; - positioning an immersion lens (9) apt to focus the laser beam in the substrate (10); - introducing a first optical element (11); - making the laser beam impinge on the first optical element (11), which directs the laser beam towards the immersion lens (9); - focusing the femtosecond pulsed laser beam (F) at a given depth inside the substrate (10), in order to induce a refractive index change in a volume of said substrate around the focus, wherein the laser beam (F) propagates in the substrate along a direction, said focusing including making the laser beam impinge on said immersion lens (9) in a first position; - varying the propagation direction of the laser beam (F) in the substrate (10), maintaining the beam focused, translating or rotating the first optical element (11), in order to operate a translation of the laser beam, to modify the impinging position of the laser beam on the immersion lens (9), in order to reach a first propagation direction forming a first non-zero angle (Θt) with respect to the normal direction to the free surface of the substrate; - translating the laser beam focus with respect to the substrate (10) in order to create a first waveguide segment (GD), defined by adjacent volumes in which the refractive index has been modified, wherein the birefringence axis of the formed first waveguide segment (GD) is at said fixed angle, which is a function of the first angle (Θt) describing the reached first propagation direction of the laser beam in the substrate.