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    Apparatus and method for synchronizing clock signals for digital links in a packet switching mode
    3.
    发明公开
    Apparatus and method for synchronizing clock signals for digital links in a packet switching mode 失效
    Apparat und Verfahren zur Synchronisierung von Taktsignalenfürdigitalen Leitungen

    公开(公告)号：EP0718995A1

    公开(公告)日：1996-06-26

    申请号：EP94480179.4

    申请日：1994-12-20

    申请人： International Business Machines Corporation

    发明人： Michel, Patrick ,  Le Pennec, Jean-François ,  Benayoun, Alain ,  Picon, Joaquin

    IPC分类号： H04J3/06 ,  H04Q11/04

    CPC分类号： H04Q11/0478 ,  H04J3/0632 ,  H04J3/0658 ,  H04L2012/5615 ,  H04L2012/5616 ,  H04L2012/5674 ,  Y10S370/902

    摘要： The present invention is an apparatus and a method which enable to synchronize the clock signal of a first (or slave) data terminal equipment A (240-1) to a second (or master) data terminal equipment B (240-2) connected to a communication network (10) through respectively a first network node (51) and a second network node (52). The communication network has a reference clock that it transmits to the second network node which compares it with the clock signal that it receives from the second data terminal equipment. The phase difference is then detected and converted into a frame which may be an ATM cell or any other frames so that it can be switched with the data frames sent by the second DTE and transmitted to the first DTE through the communication network. The frame containing the phase difference has a specific header so that it can be distinguished from the other transmitted data frames. The first network node receives the frames, detects the phase difference frame and decodes it before it is sent to a digital to analog converter. This later generates then an analog signal which adjusts the phase of the reference clock that the first network node has extracted from the communication network. The adjusted clock signal is transmitted to the first DTE which is therefore synchronized with the second (or master) DTE.

    摘要翻译： 本发明是一种装置和方法，其能够将第一（或从属）数据终端设备A（240-1）的时钟信号与第二（或从属）数据终端设备B（240-2））连接到 通信网络（10）分别通过第一网络节点（51）和第二网络节点（52）。 通信网络具有它向第二网络节点发送的参考时钟，该第二网络节点与从第二数据终端设备接收的时钟信号进行比较。 然后检测相位差并将其转换为可以是ATM信元或任何其他帧的帧，使得其可以与由第二DTE发送的数据帧进行切换，并通过通信网络发送到第一DTE。 包含相位差的帧具有特定报头，使得其可以与其他发送的数据帧区分开。 第一网络节点接收帧，检测相位差帧，并在发送到数模转换器之前进行解码。 这随后产生一个模拟信号，该模拟信号调节第一网络节点从通信网络提取的参考时钟的相位。 经调整的时钟信号被发送到第一DTE，因此第一DTE与第二（或主）DTE同步。

    Method and circuit to connect ATM/FDDI devices to ATM/SDH devices
    4.
    发明公开
    Method and circuit to connect ATM/FDDI devices to ATM/SDH devices 失效
    Verfahren und Schaltung zum Verbinden von ATM / FDDI-Vorrichtungen mit ATM / SDH-Vorrichtungen

    公开(公告)号：EP0713346A1

    公开(公告)日：1996-05-22

    申请号：EP94480136.4

    申请日：1994-11-15

    申请人： INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

    发明人： Baudelot, Francis ,  Benayoun, Alain ,  Michel, Patrick ,  Le Pennec, Jean-François

    IPC分类号： H04Q11/04 ,  H04L12/66 ,  H04L12/433

    CPC分类号： H04Q11/0478 ,  H04J2203/0003 ,  H04L2012/5652

    摘要： The present invention enables a device using a Fiber Distributed Data Interface protocol in the Asynchronous Transfer Mode to communicate with another device using a Synchronous Digital Hierarchy protocol in the Asynchronous Transfer Mode, according to a method which is implemented in an associated conversion circuit wherein both devices uses different data formats and transmission speeds. When a FDDI receiver receives a data ATM cell, it detects the start_of_cell of the received data ATM cells and writes the data bytes into FIFO buffer at the same frequency. A counter is incremented each time a data ATM cell is stored in the FIFO buffer. As long as the counter is not equal to 0, the data ATM cell is transmitted byte by byte from the FIFO buffer to a SDH Transmitter on its request at another frequency. The counter is decremented each time a data ATM cell is transmitted. When the counter is equal to 0 then empty ATM cells are generated and transmitted to the SDH Transmitter on its request. Therefore, a multiplexer is required to multiplex data cells and empty cells, and to transmit them to the SDH transmitter with respect to the SDH link speed transmission. Conversely, the ATM cells received by a SDH receiver are stored in a dual port memory. In parallel, the header of the received ATM cell is decoded by an empty cell detection circuit. If the ATM cell is an empty cell, it is discarded from the memory. If the ATM cell is a data cell, the ATM cell is stored in the memory and a counter is incremented. As long as this counter is not equal to 0, one data cell is tranmsitted from the memory to a FDDI transmitter, preceded by a byte delimiter 'TT'. At the end of the data cell transmission, the counter is decremented. If the counter is equal to 0, which means that no data ATM cell has been received from the SDH link, then the FDDI transmitter sends idle byte 'JK' on the FDDI link.

    摘要翻译： 根据在相关联的转换电路中实现的方法，本发明使得能够使用异步传输模式中的光纤分布式数据接口协议的设备在异步传输模式中使用同步数字体系结构协议与另一设备进行通信，其中两个设备 使用不同的数据格式和传输速度。 当FDDI接收机接收到数据ATM信元时，它检测接收到的数据ATM信元的start_of_cell，并将数据字节以相同的频率写入FIFO缓冲器。 每当数据ATM信元存储在FIFO缓冲器中时，计数器递增。 只要计数器不等于0，数据ATM信元按照另一个频率从FIFO缓冲器逐个传送到SDH发送器。 每次发送数据ATM信元时，计数器递减。 当计数器等于0时，产生空的ATM信元，并根据其要求发送给SDH发送器。 因此，需要多路复用器来复用数据单元和空单元，并且相对于SDH链路速度传输将它们发送到SDH发射机。 相反，由SDH接收机接收的ATM信元被存储在双端口存储器中。 并行地，接收的ATM信元的报头被空单元检测电路解码。 如果ATM信元是空单元，则从存储器中丢弃。 如果ATM信元是数据信元，则ATM信元被存储在存储器中，并且计数器递增。 只要该计数器不等于0，则一个数据单元从存储器转换到FDDI发送器，之后是字节分隔符“TT”。 在数据信元传输结束时，计数器递减。 如果计数器等于0，这意味着没有从SDH链路接收到数据ATM信元，则FDDI发送器在FDDI链路上发送空闲字节'JK'。

    OSPF autonomous system with a backbone divided into two sub-areas
    6.
    发明公开
    OSPF autonomous system with a backbone divided into two sub-areas 有权
    OSPF自治系统与单独的两个部分Haupnetz

    公开(公告)号：EP1185041A3

    公开(公告)日：2004-03-31

    申请号：EP01480051.0

    申请日：2001-07-05

    申请人： INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

    发明人： Galand, Claude ,  Le Pennec, Jean-François

    IPC分类号： H04L12/56

    CPC分类号： H04L45/46 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/026 ,  H04L45/04

    摘要： Data communication system of the type wherein a plurality of contiguous transmission networks constitute an Autonomous System (AS) using the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol for the exchange of information, said system being divided into several areas including an area 0 or backbone (14) responsible for distributing routing information between the other areas (10, 12). The backbone is divided into two sub-areas (14-1, 14-2) and comprises at least a couple of a first and a second adjacent splitting routers (40, 42), the first splitting router being included in one sub-area and the second splitting router being included in the other sub-area. The topological data base of each said splitting router is set up to define a high metric for the link between the splitting routers in order to prevent any type of data traffic other than link-state messages (LSA) from being transmitted between the splitting routers.

    Store and forward apparatus and method of maintaining integrity of data during storage
    8.
    发明公开
    Store and forward apparatus and method of maintaining integrity of data during storage 失效
    设备储存过程中的数据安全存储转发机制和方法。

    公开(公告)号：EP0544964A1

    公开(公告)日：1993-06-09

    申请号：EP91480175.8

    申请日：1991-11-29

    申请人： International Business Machines Corporation

    发明人： Bardet, Gérard ,  Le Pennec, Jean-François ,  Michel, Patrick ,  Therias, Philippe

    IPC分类号： H04L1/00 ,  H04L12/56

    CPC分类号： H04L12/56 ,  H04L1/0078

    摘要： A store and forward mechanism for telecommunication equipments including means (300) for deserializing a HDLC frame of data which is received from a first telecommunication node into a sequence of n-bits words. The frame includes a header, a data field and a frame checking sequence (FCS) generated by said first telecommunication node. The apparatus further includes processing means for generating n-bit words corresponding to a new header of said received HDLC frame. The store and forward apparatus comprises serializing means (600) receiving said processed n-bits words from said storage for generating a new HDLC frame comprising said new header field and a corresponding new FCS which is to be transmitted to said second telecommunication node.
    The apparatus further includes means (500) receiving the received HDLC frame simultaneously to the deserializing means and which computes a first partial FCS covering the data field only of the HDLC frame, and means (200) for storing that partial FCS. During the forward phase, the n-bits words which are to be transmitted to the next telecommunication node are simultaneously received by the HDLC serializer and by means (800) for computing a second partial FCS covering said data field only. At the end of the serialization process of the data field of the HDLC frame, the two partial results are compared in order to detect the occurence of an error which might have appeared in the storage during the computing of the new header of the frame. The result of that comparison is used as a control signal for altering the value of the FCS computed by the HDLC serializer before it is transmitted to the telecommunication line field of the HDLC frame, the two partial results are compared in order to detect the occurence of an error which might have appeared in the storage during the computing of the new header of the frame. The result of that comparison is used as a control signal for altering the value of the FCS computed by the HDLC serializer before it is transmitted to the telecommunication line. Since the computing of both the first and second partial FCS is respectively performed during the deserializing of the HDLC frame and the serializing of the processed n-bit data words, no extra delay is required. The integrity of data during its storage in RAM is therefore provided without needed additional processing resources since the processor which is included within the store and forward mechanism has its resources which remain fully allocated for the store and forward process.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于电信存储转发机制设备包括用于（300），用于解串这是从一个第一电信节点接收到的n位字序列数据的HDLC帧全部。 该帧包括报头，数据字段和由所述第一电信节点生成的帧校验序列（FCS）。 该装置包括：用于产生N位字对应于所述的一个新的报头进一步的处理装置接收HDLC帧。 存储和转发设备包括串行化手段（600）接收从所述存储所述经处理的n位字，用于产生一个新的HDLC帧包括所述新的报头字段和对应的新的FCS所有这是要反式mitted到所述第二电信节点。 该装置包括另外的装置（500）接收所接收的HDLC帧同时向反串行化的手段和其计算仅覆盖HDLC帧的数据字段的第一部分的FCS，以及装置（200），用于存储局部做FCS。 在正程阶段，所述n比特的字将被反式mitted到下一个电信节点由HDLC串行并且借助于（800），用于计算仅覆盖所述数据字段的第二部分FCS被同时接收。 在HDLC帧的数据字段的序列化过程结束时，这两个部分结果，以便检测其可能在存储器中的帧的新报头的计算过程中出现的错误的发生进行比较。 做比较的结果被用作用于改变FCS由HDLC串行计算的值之前，它是反式mitted到HDLC帧的电信线路场的控制信号，这两个部分结果，以检测的发生相比 其误差可能会在存储帧的新报头的计算过程中都曾出现过。 比较的结果也被用作用于改变FCS由HDLC串行计算的值之前，它是反式mitted到电信线路的控制信号。 由于第一和第二部分FCS的计算是HDLC帧和经处理的n位数据字的序列化的反串行化过程中执行的分别，不需要额外的延迟。 被提供，而不因此，需要额外的处理资源的数据的其在RAM储存期间的完整性，因为它包含在存储和转发机制内的处理器的所有有其资源，保持完全分配用于存储和转发过程。

    Connections bandwidth right sizing based on network resources occupancy monitoring
    9.
    发明公开
    Connections bandwidth right sizing based on network resources occupancy monitoring 有权
    基于网络的资源的分配的观察链路带宽的校正

    公开(公告)号：EP1069801A1

    公开(公告)日：2001-01-17

    申请号：EP99480063.9

    申请日：1999-07-13

    申请人： International Business Machines Corporation

    发明人： Fichou, Aline ,  Le Pennec, Jean-François ,  Galand, Claude

    IPC分类号： H04Q11/04 ,  H04L12/56

    CPC分类号： H04Q11/0478 ,  H04L41/0896 ,  H04L41/5003 ,  H04L41/5009 ,  H04L41/5035 ,  H04L47/10 ,  H04L47/11 ,  H04L47/15 ,  H04L47/70 ,  H04L47/745 ,  H04L47/762 ,  H04L47/822 ,  H04L47/826 ,  H04L2012/5632 ,  H04L2012/5636 ,  H04L2012/5647 ,  H04L2012/5682

    摘要： Disclosed herein is a connection bandwidth management process and system for use in a high speed packet switching network. The network comprises a plurality of switching nodes interconnected through a plurality of communication links. Each of the switching nodes comprises means for switching packets from at least one input link to at least one output link. Each of the output links are coupled to at least one buffer in the switching node for queuing packets before they are transmitted over the output link. Each of the communication links supports the traffic of a plurality of user connections statistically multiplexed over the link. Each user connection is allocated an initial agreed-upon bandwidth through the network, with each of the communication links being possibly oversubscribed.
    The connection bandwidth management process according to the invention comprises the steps of:
    Link monitoring data on the communication links are periodically received in a network monitoring center, and stored in a computer memory in the network monitoring center. Then, one monitored link is selected and the corresponding link monitoring data are retrieved from the computer memory. The link monitored data retrieved for the selected link is analyzed, and it is determined whether the selected link is oversubscribed or not. If it is determined that the selected link is oversubscribed and that the link monitoring data for the selected link satisfies at least one predetermined condition the bandwidth initially allocated to each of the connections boarded on the selected link is reallocated, such that, the sum of the reallocated bandwidth of the connections boarded on the selected link is less or equal to the total bandwidth capacity of the selected link.
    The process recycles until all the monitored links have been selected.

    Method and system for routing messages in a multi-node data communication network
    10.
    发明公开
    Method and system for routing messages in a multi-node data communication network 失效
    维也纳和系统zum Weglenken von Nachrichten在einem Mehrknoten-Datenkommunikationsnetz

    公开(公告)号：EP0731583A1

    公开(公告)日：1996-09-11

    申请号：EP95480016.5

    申请日：1995-03-08

    申请人： International Business Machines Corporation

    发明人： Benayoun, Alain ,  Michel, Patrick ,  Le Pennec, Jean-François ,  Brun, Gérard

    IPC分类号： H04L12/56

    CPC分类号： H04L12/5601 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L49/107 ,  H04L49/256 ,  H04L2012/567 ,  H04L2012/5679

    摘要： The invention relates to a method and a system for routing messages or frames through network nodes connected to each other by network links and connected to a plurality of terminals by different input/output ports also called network attachment cards (NAC) in a multi-node communication network. In such a configuration, each terminal equipment stores a network table. In this way, each node does not need to be re-configured by the addition of either a new node to the communication network or a new terminal to a node, the transmission performance is not affected then. The network table is updated in the terminal itself by a network manager which may by the way limit the access of the terminal to some terminals of the network. To route an incoming message or frame from a source terminal (T1) to the destination terminal (T7), a routing algorithm is implemented in each NAC. Each NAC has a different and unique integer address in the node, each node has a different and unique prime number address greater than the number of NACs in the node. Each terminal connected to a node sends frames with a routing identifier (RI). The different RIs are located in the network table. When an input NAC receives a frame, the routing algorithm computes the address of the output NAC given by the remainder of the division of the RI by the node address, then this output NAC sends the frames onto its network link. This process is performed in each node until the destination terminal is reached. The RI is kept unchanged during the frame transmission. A timer is also used to test if the frame is received because a network link may be down. In such case, an alternate RI is used to take an alternate route.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种方法和系统，用于通过网络链路彼此连接的网络节点路由消息或帧，并通过多节点中也被称为网络附着卡（NAC）的不同输入/输出端口连接到多个终端 通讯网络 在这种配置中，每个终端设备存储网络表。 以这种方式，每个节点不需要通过将新节点添加到通信网络或将新终端添加到节点来重新配置，则传输性能不受影响。 网络表在终端本身由网络管理器更新，网络管理器可能限制终端对网络的一些终端的访问。 为了将来自源终端（T1）的输入消息或帧路由到目的终端（T7），在每个NAC中实现路由算法。 每个NAC在节点中具有不同且唯一的整数地址，每个节点具有与节点中NAC的数量不同的唯一素数地址。 连接到节点的每个终端发送具有路由标识符（RI）的帧。 不同的RI位于网络表中。 当输入NAC接收到帧时，路由算法计算由RI的除法余数由节点地址给出的输出NAC的地址，则该输出NAC将帧发送到其网络链路上。 在每个节点中执行该过程，直到到达目的地终端。 在帧传输期间，RI保持不变。 定时器也用于测试帧是否被接收，因为网络链路可能会关闭。 在这种情况下，替代的RI用于采取替代路由。