摘要:
An apparatus detects the degree of deterioration of lubricating oil used in an internal combustion engine by measuring the dielectic constant of the lubricating oil. The apparatus includes a sensor (16) having a pair of spaced apart electrodes dipped under the lubricating oil to form a sensor capacitor whose capacity varies as a function of the dielectric constant of the lubricating oil. The sensor capacitor is connected to a fixed capacitor to form a voltage divider connected across an AC voltage source (14) which generates an AC voltage of a constant frequency so that a voltage is developed across the sensor capacitor which voltage corresponds to the dielectric constant of the lubricating oil. The frequency of the AC voltage is set at a value ranging from 50 KHz to 500 KHz.
摘要:
A position sensor for a valve or the like includes a first electrode (60) disposed about the valve or a member (40) associated therewith in a manner that the interfacial area between the valve and the electrode remains constant irrespective of the position of the valve. One or more second electrodes (66, 68) are disposed in a manner that the interfacial area between the valve and the electrode varies with the position of the valve. By sensing the change in electrostatic capacity between the electrodes the position of the valve may be detected. The sensor finds application in a fuel injection pump wherein it permits a very compact solenoid (motor)/sensor arrangement.
摘要:
Apparatus for measuring the velocity of the rate of flow of a flowing fluid, comprising a vortex-generating element (20) disposed in a flow tube to create a Karman vortex street in the fluid flow, a hot wire element (22,22') disposed in the flow tube, transducer means (22,22',30,50,62) for producing first flow rate signal based on the frequency of shedding of Karman vortices from the vortex-generating element (20) and second flow rate signal (30,40,64) based on the cooling effect of the flowing fluid on the hot wire element (22,22') and signal selection means (68,70) for selectively putting out the first signal under steady flow conditions and the second signal under pulsating flow conditions. Preferably the hot wire element (22,22') is made to serve also as the probe element for detection of the vortex generation frequency, and the first signal under steady flow conditions is utilized alsoto calibrate the second signal.