摘要:
In a fossil-fuelled steam generator (1) with a flue, the containig wall (2) of which takes the form of gastightly interconnected pipes (4), which are substantially vertically arranged and through which the medium can flow from bottom to top, the invention proposes that the pipes (4) have a greater inside diameter (d1) in a first or lower part (5) of the flue than the pipes (4) in a superimposed second part (7) of the flue. This ensures that the pipes (4) are reliably cooled. In addition, a greater than average heating of individual pipes (4) does not lead to unacceptable temperature differences between the outlets of the pipes (4).
摘要:
The inventive continuous steam generator, comprising a combustion chamber the outer enclosure (4) of which consists of evaporating pipes (12) vertically welded to each other, is also designed to be able to reliably work within a pressure range of 200 to 221 bar, while guaranteeing high efficiency. Furthermore, the mass velocity (m) of the liquid (S) circulating in the evaporating pipes (12) can be expressed by the ratio m = 200 + 8,42 . 1012 . q3 . [d/(d - 2s)]s2 . T¿max?-5, where q represents the heat flux density affecting the evaporating pipes (12), T¿max? the permissible characteristic maximum temperature for the tubing, d the outer diameter of the evaporating pipes (12) and s the wall thickness of said pipes (12).
摘要:
The invention concerns a method and device for solar steam generation. A medium is conveyed through pipes (1*), which are disposed in solar collectors (1), and from there it is guided to a turbine (3) after heating and evaporation. A medium whose enthalpy is greater than that of saturated water relative to the pressure in the pipe (1*) is fed, initially by a feed line (5, 5*, 5**), into said pipe (1*) in the solar collectors (1). In addition, the pressure of the medium to be fed in is greater than the pressure in the pipe (1*). The medium to be fed in can be high-pressure water or high-pressure steam. For this purpose, the feed line (5, 5*, 5**), for example, can emerge from a water-steam separator (9) or a high-pressure turbine (32) forming part of a power station.
摘要:
In the present method of producing solar steam with at least one collector (4) and at least one water and/or steam-conducting absorber pipe (6), excess water is fed to the absorber pipe (6) to produce wet steam at one outlet (8) of the absorber pipe (6). This prevents the absorber pipe (6) from overheating.
摘要:
The invention concerns a method and device for solar steam generation. A medium is conveyed through pipes (1*), which are disposed in solar collectors (1), and from there it is guided to a turbine (3) after heating and evaporation. A medium whose enthalpy is greater than that of saturated water relative to the pressure in the pipe (1*) is fed, initially by a feed line (5, 5*, 5**), into said pipe (1*) in the solar collectors (1). In addition, the pressure of the medium to be fed in is greater than the pressure in the pipe (1*). The medium to be fed in can be high-pressure water or high-pressure steam. For this purpose, the feed line (5, 5*, 5**), for example, can emerge from a water-steam separator (9) or a high-pressure turbine (32) forming part of a power station.
摘要:
In order to avoid the inconvenience that results from a faulty heating of individual pipes (10) of a steam generator (2) with vertical pipes arranged in the combustion chamber, the mass flow density m in the pipes (10) is set below a predetermined maximum value (curve B) which depends on the inner diameter d of the used pipes. In order to avoid inadmissibly high pipe wall temperatures even at the proximity of a critical pressure of about 200 to 221 bars, the inner surface of each pipe (10) is further provided with a surface structure that causes a high turbulence and/or a longitudinal vortex in the flowing medium. The components of the flowing medium are thus intimately mixed so that a good heat transmission is achieved.
摘要:
In continuous steam generators with a fossil-fuel burner (11) with a vertical flue (1) of substantially vertical pipes (2, 3), their inlet ends are connected to an inlet manifold (9) and their outlet ends to an outlet manifold (12). According to the invention, a pressure equalising pipe (25) branches off from each pipe (2) at the same height H which is connected to a pressure equalising vessel (4) and the height H is such that, on overheating of the single pipe (2), between this inlet manifold (9) and the branch of the pressure equalising pipe (25) in relation to the average heating of all the pipes (2), the mass flow through this single pipe (2) increases.
摘要:
In such continuous steam generators, the pipes (3) together form combustion chamber walls (2) and bear burners for fossil fuels. The insides of the pipes are often fitted with ribs forming a multiple thread and connected together in parallel for the circulation of a coolant. According to the invention, the inside diameter d of the pipes is a function of a quotient K and certain points lie between a curve A and the ordinates from paired values of the inside pipe diameter d and the quotient K in a system of co-ordinates. Here, the summed mass flow M through all the pipes at 100% steam production divided by the volume of the gas flue in a horizontal section through the combustion chamber is used to form the quotient K and thereby there are four defined points on curve A, which rises steadily. The use of this arrangement is also advantageous for continuous steam generators with rated powers down to far below 500 MW.
摘要:
In such continuous steam generators, the pipes (3) together form combustion chamber walls (2) and bear burners for fossil fuels. The insides of the pipes are often fitted with ribs forming a multiple thread and connected together in parallel for the circulation of a coolant. According to the invention, the inside diameter d of the pipes is a function of a quotient K and certain points lie between a curve A and the ordinates from paired values of the inside pipe diameter d and the quotient K in a system of co-ordinates. Here, the summed mass flow M through all the pipes at 100% steam production divided by the volume of the gas flue in a horizontal section through the combustion chamber is used to form the quotient K and thereby there are four defined points on curve A, which rises steadily. The use of this arrangement is also advantageous for continuous steam generators with rated powers down to far below 500 MW.
摘要:
In a process for operating a solar power station (2) equipped with at least one solar steam generator (4) for generating wet steam, the feed-water supply for the solar steam generator (4) is adjusted depending on the residual humidity (1-x) of the wet steam at the output (12) of the solar steam generator (4), so that a predetermined set value (1-x)* for the residual humidity (1-x) of the wet steam be maintained at the output (12) of the solar steam generator (4). This measure largely prevents overheating of the solar steam generator (4).