摘要:
A method of purifying a vapour product stream obtained from cracking of biomass catalysed by a fluidised solid catalyst, the method comprising: a) separating catalyst from the vapour product stream to provide a de-catalysed vapour product stream; and b) cyclonically separating solid biomass residue from the de-catalysed vapour product stream to provide a purified vapour product stream, wherein cyclonically separating solid biomass residue comprises bringing the de-catalysed vapour product stream to a gas velocity in the range of from 35 to 80 m/s.
摘要:
This invention relates to a process for the conversion of a feedstock comprising a lignin-comprising material, comprising the steps (a) to (c): (a) charging the feedstock to a fluidized bed reactor; (b) pyrolyzing at least part of the feedstock in the fluidized bed reactor while introducing a carrier gas into the reactor, to produce pyrolysis vapours; (c) reacting at least part of the pyrolysis vapours coming from step (b) in a second reactor comprising a catalyst, to produce hydrocarbon products comprising aromatics; in which process in step (a) sand is used as a heat carrier in the fluidized bed; and in step (b) a C1-C4 hydrocarbon, preferably a C1-C4 alkane, is introduced into the reactor as a carrier gas; and the temperature in the fluidized bed reactor in step (b) is equal to or more than 400°C to equal to or less than 600°C and the temperature in the reactor in step (b) is kept higher than in the reactor in step (c); and the reactor in step (c) comprises a MFI or MWW type zeolite catalyst and the temperature in the reactor is equal to or more than 350°C to equal to or less than 550°C.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for catalytic hydrotreatment of a pyrolysis oil, wherein the pyrolysis oil is derived from a material comprising lignocellulose, comprising the steps of a) subjecting a feed comprising the pyrolysis oil to a hydrodeoxygenation step in the presence of a catalyst comprising an active component on a catalyst carrier that is inert at the reaction conditions, to obtain a product stream comprising a partially deoxygenated pyrolysis oil; b) separating the partially deoxygenated pyrolysis oil having an oxygen content of from 10 to 30 wt% from the product stream obtained in a); characterized in that the process further comprises the steps of c) subjecting the partially deoxygenated pyrolysis oil obtained in b) to a hydrogenation step in the presence of a catalyst and a hydrocarbon feed derived from a mineral crude oil to obtain a hydrogenated product stream; and d) separating at least one product fraction from the product stream obtained in c). And process for producing biofuels from biomass using the above steps.