摘要:
The invention relates to a flat steel product, having an optimal deformability and a further improved behaviour during a cold forming in a cold-forming tool. In this way, a flat steel product according to the invention has a steel substrate and a protective coating which is applied to the steel substrate via hot-dip coating and generated via a subsequent galvannealing treatment, and the main component of which is zinc, wherein the protective coating has pores on the free surface thereof extending into the protective coating. According to the invention, a flat steel product of this type is characterised in that the numbers of right-skewed measurement tracks determined in a topographical evaluation outweighs the number of non-right-skewed measurement tracks, both in the measurement direction and transverse to the measurement direction, wherein the right-skewed measurement tracks are determined in that: a respective measurement value collective of respectively at least 10,000 measurement values is detected from a square surface section with an edge length of 1 mm for at least 400 parallel measurement tracks; the mean value and the median are determined for each of the detected measurement value collectives in the measurement direction and transverse to the measurement direction; for each measurement track, the mean value determined therefor is compared with the median determined for same; and the measurement tracks in which the mean value is greater than the median are categorised as right-skewed.
摘要:
An exemplary embodiment of the invention relates a method for determining hydraulic permeability of rocks in a subsurface region, the method comprising: in-situ measuring and/or calculating at least one of independent seismic velocities of rocks at different locations in said subsurface region; determining at least one lithological unit in said subsurface region based on the measured seismic velocities; for the at least one lithological unit, acquiring at least one rock sample at an at least one location of said subsurface region; measuring the rock-sample porosity and permeability as functions of stress; measuring and/or calculating of at least one of independent seismic velocities of said at least one rock sample as functions of stress; computing the stiff and compliant porosity of said at least one rock sample; computing numerical coefficients of a given analytical permeability model based on the stiff and compliant porosities; computing coefficients of a given analytical model of an elastic-compliance characteristic of the rock based on the stiff and compliant porosity; computing the stiff and compliant porosity for a plurality of other locations in said subsurface region; and computing the permeability of rocks belonging to said at least one lithological unit, for said at least one location in said subsurface region and for said plurality of other locations in said subsurface region.
摘要:
Process of operating the air conditioning system (5) of a cab (1) of a vehicle, said air-conditioning system comprising: a circuit (9) for supplying said cab with air coming at least partially from the exterior of said cab; a blowing device (10) for blowing an air flow inside said circuit; filtration means (11a, 11b) for removing pollutants from the air blown into the cab (1) through said circuit; said process comprising a regular procedure wherein the air-conditioning system (5) is operated to blow the air supplied by said circuit, said process comprising a test of the efficiency of the filtration means (11a, 11b), wherein said test provides for: spraying an identified fluid upstream of the filtration means (11a, 11b) whilst the blowing device (10) is operated to blow an air flow inside the circuit (9); monitoring the air flow supplied by the circuit (9) at a location (22) downstream of the filtration means (11a, 11b) for detection of the possible presence of the sprayed fluid by means of at least one appropriate sensor provided at said downstream location; and providing by means of said sensor a signal representative of the efficiency of said filtration means upon the detection of such a presence.
摘要:
The invention relates to a blood treatment device comprising a fastening unit (7) for fastening a functional unit (1), which is provided for single use, for carrying out the blood treatment. The blood treatment device according to the invention is distinguished by a monitoring unit (8) for monitoring the functionality and/or the operating state of the functional unit (1), which comprises at least one light transmitter (17A, 18A) and at least one light receiver (17B, 18B). In the monitoring unit (8) according to the invention, the light transmitter and light receiver are arranged on one side of the functional unit (1). Arranging the light transmitter and light receiver on the same side offers the advantage that the monitoring unit (8) can be integrated into the fastening unit (7) of the blood treatment device without major structural changes. Monitoring of the functional unit is based on an optical measurement method, in which the light reflected at a part of the functional unit (1) or at a part of the fastening unit (7) is detected. A computation and evaluation unit (13) is configured in such a way that a faulty state and/or a specific operating state of the functional unit is deduced from the intensity of the light falling onto the functional unit (1) and of the light reflected at the functional unit or fastening unit.
摘要:
In some implementations, a cement testing system includes an upper end module and a lower end module. Casing-emulating tubing couples to the upper end module and to the lower end module and emulates a wellbore casing. A plurality of intermediate well-wall-emulating modules is configured to couple end-to-end and to couple to the upper end module and the lower end module to form an annulus around the casing emulating tubing. Each of the plurality of intermediate well-wall emulating modules is configured to emulate one or more characteristics of a well wall.
摘要:
A disclosed effective porosity determination method for tight gas formations includes: obtaining a core sample sealed in a pressure-maintaining core vault during transport out of the borehole; coupling the core vault to a collection chamber; based at least in part on measured pressure, temperature, and fluid volumes in the collection chamber, deriving the number of moles of gas retrieved with the core sample; and combining the number of moles with a downhole pressure, a downhole temperature, and a downhole core sample volume to determine an effective porosity of the tight gas formation. A system embodiment includes: a coring tool having a core vault with a seal to provide pressure-preserved transport of a core sample from a tight gas formation; a collection chamber that attaches to the core vault to measure volumes of fluids and gas; and a processing unit that responsively determines an effective porosity of the tight gas formation.