摘要:
The invention is related to the systems of so-called 'security entrance' and, in particular, to the systems for preventing the entry of forbidden articles and/or substances from an unprotected area to a protected one. The simplicity, efficiency and secrecy of examination in a security system for preventing the entry of forbidden articles and/or substances from a surrounding area to a protected one, said system comprised of a partitioning (1) separating a protected area from an unprotected one, at least, one walk-gate (4) made in said partitioning (1), an information control-and-processing device (10) and a detector (9) of forbidden articles and/or substances is achieved due to said detector (9) of forbidden articles and/or substances made an X-ray kind to provide secret examination of every person passing through said walk-gate (4).
摘要:
A detector system for direct internal dosimetry in a person has at least three detectors for detecting gamma-quanta and holding means for the detectors. The object of the invention is to design a detector system which allows the actual dose equivalent in an examined person to be directly measured. For that purpose, three detectors are used, of which one is applied to the lungs, one to the digestive tract and one to the leg area of the person to be examined.
摘要:
A projectional densitometry system performs a scan of an individual's left and right femora by using the location of one femur to estimate a starting location for scanning the opposite femur. The estimated starting location of the second femur scan is based on metric data inputted by the operator or extracted from the first femur scan. Alternatively, the densitometry system performs an initial bone-locating scan of both femora, after which it performs a second, density-measuring scan based on the metric data extracted from the initial scan. A special leg positioning device is used to properly orient both femora for scanning, obviating the need to reposition the individual after scanning the first femur.
摘要:
A scanning radiographic densitometer constructs a broad area, two dimensional projection image from a combination of a set of smaller fan beam scans by tilting the axis of each such smaller scan to construct an effective larger fan beam to reduce artifacts caused by height dependant overlap of the multiple fan beams. The data is projected to a non-planar image surface to eliminate local area distortion such as may cause error in density measurements and to permit some overlap without height sensitive effects.
摘要:
A digital x-ray bone densitometer for automatically analysing the morphometry of vertebrae (20) from data obtained by lateral digital scans of the bone obtains first and second matrices of data values from X-ray scans. The densitometer (10) includes a C-arm (14) for positioning a radiation source (12) and detector (13) in opposed relationship about a vertebra and for directing radiation along an axis (24) through the vertebra, and for rotating the source detector and axis between first and second angles about said vertebra so that a first matrix of data elements is acquired at the first angle and a second matrix of data elements is acquired at the second angle. The densitometer incorporates a digital computer (18) for receiving and reviewing the matrices of data elements and from them to calculate morphological elements of the vertebra.
摘要:
The invention relates to methods of using a bone densitometer to scan bone, notably vertebrae. The bone is scanned while maintaining the X-ray source (44) and detector (50) at a first angle, and a two dimensional array (78) of pixels (76) is obtained. This is analysed electronically and used to adjust the position of the detector (50) relative to the patient during a second scan at a different angle. Electronic analysis of the data is used to eliminate the effect of osteophytes on the bone density image.
摘要:
A surface contamination monitoring system/method configured to correct the detected the radioactive net count rate (NCR) value of a whole-body surface contamination monitoring device based on monitored subject height and thickness is disclosed. The system includes a height detection means for determining the height of a monitored subject and a thickness detection means for determining the thickness of at least a portion of the monitored subject. The net count rate (NCR) is corrected based on the determined height and thickness of the monitored subject as applied to site calibration factor data and self-shielding factor data to produce a corrected net count rate (CNR). If the corrected net count rate (CNR) registers above a preset alarm threshold, the monitored subject is considered contaminated and an appropriate alarm is registered.