摘要:
An optical branching component particularly suitable for use as a tap device is described. The component has two optical waveguides in proximity with one another in at least two regions so as to form at least two adjacent directional couplers, and between the two directional couplers there is an effective optical path length difference between the two waveguides. The coupling strength of each of the two adjacent directional couplers monotonically decreases with increasing wavelength in the operational wavelength region of the component. This means couplers with relatively large coupling strength and relatively low polarisation dependent loss can be used in the component, giving low polarisation dependent variation in the tap ratio, particularly for small tap ratios.
摘要:
A circuit for de-interleaving or interleaving multichannel optical signals having a predetermined inter-channel frequency spacing, uses a plurality of sequentially coupled periodic filters of a similar free spectral range, for example Fabry-Perot etalon-based interleavers/de-interleavers. The spectral response of the consecutive filters is shifted to accommodate different channel groupings. The free-spectral range of each of the interleavers is similar and the channel period is larger than two adjacent inter-channel frequency spacings of an input optical signal.
摘要:
A number of add/drop multiplexers comprising passive optical components for wavelength division multiplexing are described. These add/drop multiplexers are particularly adapted for use in branching units (10) of such networks to allow signals passing along fibres (1, 2, 11, 12) of a main trunck between terminal stations (20, 30) to be dropped to and added from a spur station (40), the design of the add/drop multiplexers allowing a reduced number of spur fibres (3, 13) to be used as signals are routed between trunk fibres (1, 2, 11, 12) at spur fibres (3, 13) according to carrier wavelength.
摘要:
An all fiber optical filter (32) is formed by streching an optical fiber. The all fiber filter includes a core (34), an inner cladding (36), and an outer cladding (38). A core (34) index of refraction is greater than an outer cladding (38) index of refraction, and the outer cladding (38) index of refraction is greater than the inner cladding (36) index of refraction. The filter attenuates optical signals by transferring energy from the core (34) to the outer cladding (38) by evanescent coupling. The filter can be used for gain flattening in a WDM communication system (66) with EDFAs. The filter is manufactured by holding a length of an appropriate optical fiber (82) between two clamps (74, 76), heating the fiber (82) and stretching the fiber (82) until the desired filtering characteristics are achieved.
摘要:
An optical fiber add/drop filter includes a first and second elongate photosensitive optical fiber, each optical fiber having opposed first and second ends and including a core and a cladding. The cladding of the first optical fiber is optically coupled to the cladding of the second optical fiber at a coupler. A first fiber Bragg grating is etched into a second end of the first fiber for converting light propagating in a first direction through either of the core of cladding of the first fiber into light propagating in an opposite direction through the other of said core and cladding of said second fiber. A second fiber Bragg grating is etched into a first end of the second fiber for converting light propagating in a first direction either of the core or cladding of the second fiber into light propagating in an opposite direction through the other of the core and cladding of the second fiber. The first and second fiber Bragg gratings are located to opposite sides of the coupler. The add/drop filter of the present invention may be cascaded to form an optical add/drop multiplexer.
摘要:
A branch device for use in an optical multiplex system allows three stations to be interconnected by a relatively small number of optical fibers. The branch device has WDM couplers each having a port A connected to a port C through a through path and to a port D through a cross path, and a port B connected to the port C through a cross path and to the port D through a through path. A signal light having a wavelength λ AB in a through-path wavelength band, inputted from a cable end A, is transmitted through a through path in one of the WDM couplers to a cable end B. A signal light having a wavelength λ AC in a cross-path wavelength band, inputted from the cable end A, is transmitted through a cross path in the WDM coupler to the B port thereof, and then transmitted through a cross path in another WDM coupler to a cable end C. Similarly, signal lights inputted from the other cable ends B, C are divided and transmitted through paths depending on their wavelengths. Stations can be connected to the branch device by transmission cables each comprising a single pair of optical fibers for bidirectional transmission of signal lights between the stations through the branch device. A repeater on each of the transmission cables may be of a single-system configuration for upstream and downstream transmission.