摘要:
A multiple-loop temperature controller (50,72) using RTD sensors (82) is continuously calibrated by performing a zero or full scale calibration during each operating cycle. An arrangement of four multiplexers (74-80) is used to successively connect each RTD sensor (82) to a pair of current sources (84,86) and an A/D converter (92), thereby allowing the current sources (84,86) and A/D converter (92) to be shared among all of the RTD sensors (82). Measurement errors are minimized by using the same multiplexers (74-80) for temperature measurement and calibration, with calibration being performed by connecting the multiplexers (74-80) to a ground reference or precision resistor (112). Interrupt-driven temperature loop processing is used to reduce A/D conversion delays, thereby allowing high-precision A/D converters with long settling times to be used. The multiple-loop temperature controller (50,72) is advantageously utilized in an automated blood culturing system (10) requiring precise control of sample temperatures.
摘要:
A gate circuit (26) for use in a telephone system which includes one or more ports (14) located on a subscriber's premises for connecting equipment on the premises to a specified vendor of services (18) located at a location remote from the mutiplexed input serial data stream (24) comprising a plurality of digital words in a serial format, each said digital word representing a data word input on a specific port (14), the port being specified by the position of the digital word in the input serial data stream relative to a synchronization signal present in the telephone system. The telephone system also includes a time multiplexed output serial data stream (28) comprising a plurality of digital words in serial format, each data word representing a data word received from a vendor (38) to be sent to a specified port (14). The port (14) to which said data word is to be sent is specified by position of said digital word in said output serial data stream relative to a synchronization signal present in the telephone system.
摘要:
Eine Tieftemperatur-Widerstands-Meßschaltung (R n ) mit Multiplexern 1 - u (MPxu) ist aus LOCMOS-Bauelementen aufgebaut, die im Betrieb innerhalb eines Kryostaten in einem Bad aus flüssigem Helium untergebracht sind. Dadurch erhöht sich bei gleicher Anzahl der aus dem Kryostaten nach außen geführten Kabel die Auflösung der Schaltung um einen Faktor 30 oder mehr.
摘要:
A circuit for utilizing multiple resistive sensors (109, 110) and in particular resistive temperature sensors while minimizing the number of conductors (308, 309, 310) necessary to measure the multiple sensors. The multiple sensors are connected in series and the voltage is measured at each node in the series connection of sensors. A switching device (F0) then opens to remove one of the sensors from the voltage supply (5v) allowing a measurement to be made of the resistance of the conductor between the temperature sensors and a remote transmitter (20). The measured sensor resistances are then compensated with the measured conductor resistance to obtain a conductor-length compensated resistance for each of the multiple resistive sensors.
摘要:
A downhole telemetry system that transmits a burst-QAM uplink signal to the surface of the well is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the well includes composite tubing having circumferentially-spaced electrical conductors helically wound within the walls of the tubing. A downhole instrument coupled to a pair of adjacent conductors transmits a burst-QAM uplink signal to a surface system similarly coupled to the pair of adjacent conductors. The burst-QAM signal, preferably comprises a series of data frames (602) carrying telemetry data. Each data frame is preferably preceded by a quiet interval (604) (when no signal is present), a timing synchronization sequence, and a training sequence (606, 608). The timing synchronization sequence is designed for easy timing recovery at the surface, and the training sequence is designed to aid the adaptation of the equalizer. The data frame itself preferably includes a synchronization field, a data count, and a checksum in addition to the data. Direct digital synthesis is preferably employed to modulate the uplink signal.