摘要:
The present invention relates to the improvement of the survival rate of probiotic strains such as Lactobacillus acidophilus or Bifidobacterium ssp. by Lactobacillus strains that enhance the survival rate of probiotic strains in food or feed products.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a communication system supporting data communication and comprising at least a first core network with a plurality of circuit switched (CS) core network functional server nodes and a second core network with a number of packet switched (PS) core network functional sever nodes for packet switched communication. The CS core nodes are arranged in a pool and an interface (Gs) between CS core nodes and PS core nodes is used for providing information to CS core nodes from PS core nodes relating to mobility related events provided from an MS to a PS core node. When a mobile station moves from a first CS core node to a second CS core node the PS core node to which the MS is connected is provided with information relating to the change from said first to said second CS core node.
摘要:
Apparatus, and an associated method, selectively transmits packets of message data between a sending and a receiving station. When a packet of message data is received at a receiving station, the receiving station acknowledges reception thereat of the packet with an acknowledgment response signal, transmitted back to the sending station. If the sending station fails to detect an acknowledgment response signal, a packet of activity-request data is sent to the receiving station. If the receiving station fails to acknowledge reception of the packet of activity-request data, a determination is made that the receiving station would be unlikely to be able to receive an additional packet of message data. A channel to be used to transmit the packet of message data can instead be reallocated for other purposes.
摘要:
Apparatus and method for determining the activation status of a receiving station of a communication system. A sending station determines the activation status of the receiving station to be active, possibly inactive, or inactive. When the receiving station is only temporarily unable to receive signals transmitted thereto by the sending station, the sending station is less likely to determine the receiving station to be inactive as the receiving station is first determined to be possibly inactive.
摘要:
A packet switching network having a malfunction list is provided to reduce network congestion. According to an exemplary embodiment, each node in the network includes a malfunction list which stores an unavailability value representing a state of unavailability of certain addressees in the network. Before sending a packet to an addressee, the node consults its own malfunction list to determine the unavailability value of the addressee. A packet addressed to an unavailable addressee is selectively returned to the sender by the node rather than travelling through the network to the addressee and back through the network to the sender. Packets can be returned to the sender with a probability proportional to the unavailability value of the addressee so that transmission is gradually resumed after a state of unavailability as the unavailability value decreases over time.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a communication system supporting data communication and comprising at least a first core network with a plurality of circuit switched (CS) core network functional server nodes and a second core network with a number of packet switched (PS) core network functional sever nodes for packet switched communication. The CS core nodes are arranged in a pool and an interface (Gs) between CS core nodes and PS core nodes is used for providing information to CS core nodes from PS core nodes relating to mobility related events provided from an MS to a PS core node. When a mobile station moves from a first CS core node to a second CS core node the PS core node to which the MS is connected is provided with information relating to the change from said first to said second CS core node.
摘要:
The present invention relates to an arrangement comprising a packet data support node comprising a functional server node forming part of a conglomerate, or pool, of functional server nodes in a number of radio network control means, each functional server node being able to control any, or a number of, radio network control means, to which mobile terminal stations are connected. The functional server means support transfer/redistribution of mobile terminal stations between each other without interrupting the connection of the mobile terminal stations. The invention also relates to a method of redistributing or transferring mobile terminal stations.
摘要:
The invention is a spectrally selective optical coupler with a new geometry and a new principle of action. An optical coupler according to the invention includes an optical waveguide and an external resonator. In the waveguide, there is provided a deflector that is operative to deflect light of a predetermined wavelength into the external resonator. Coupling is enhanced by the deflected wavelength being resonant in the external resonator.
摘要:
Method of controlling radio access bearer setup in a radio network, wherein a set of pre-determined RAB setup criteria are defined, the method comprising the steps of—receiving from a mobile station an Activate PDP Context Request (1) including RAB selection parameter, —evaluating the request from the mobile station (not shown) and if positive send a Create PDP Context Request (4) to a gateway node (GGSN), —evaluating (4B) the response from the gateway (GGSN) and if receiving a positive response, —evaluating (4C) RAB setup criteria for the mobile station, —if at least one RAB setup criteria evaluation is positive performing RAB set-up (5), and—if the RAB setup is successful (5B), transmitting a PDP Context Accept message (9) to the mobile station. Alternatively, the method comprises the steps of—receiving from a mobile station an Activate PDP Context Request (1) including a RAB selection parameter, —evaluating the request from the mobile station (not shown) and if the evaluation is positive sending a Create PDP Context Request (4) to a gateway node (GGSN), —evaluating (4B) the response from the gateway (GGSN) and if receiving a positive a Create PDP Context Response, and—unconditionally transmitting a PDP Context Accept message (9) to the mobile station.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for reducing the amount of messages sent in a communication network comprising a first communication network entity (200), a second communication network entity (100) connected to said first communication network entity (200) over a communication interface and one or more user equipments (120) connected to said second communication network entity (100) over a radio interface, whereby messages are sent on said interfaces using at least a first and a second protocol. General rules are provided for sending first protocol messages packed inside second protocol messages, so called “piggybacking”, and each first protocol message is provided with an instruction field defining a co-ordination of procedure steps to be taken for performing an action.