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    Method and apparatus for loosening of fasteners on structures
    1.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for loosening of fasteners on structures 有权
    在结构上松动紧固件的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US08229680B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-07-24

    申请号：US12432659

    申请日：2009-04-29

    申请人： Bao Liu ,  Lien Ouyang ,  Shawn J. Beard ,  Irene Li ,  Fu-Kuo Chang

    发明人： Bao Liu ,  Lien Ouyang ,  Shawn J. Beard ,  Irene Li ,  Fu-Kuo Chang

    IPC分类号： G01N29/14

    CPC分类号： G01H1/00

    摘要： Methods and apparatuses for detecting fastener loosening. Sensors query a structure at a baseline value of an environment variable, such as temperature, and this baseline signal is stored for later use. Subsequently, users can query the structure remotely and at any time, and the signals from these queries are compared to the stored baseline signal. In some embodiments, an index is calculated, and the system determines that one or more fasteners have come loose if the calculated index exceeds a predetermined threshold value. It is desirable to select a time window within which the query signal is most sensitive to fastener loosening but least sensitive to variations in the environment variable. Accordingly, embodiments of the invention include methods and apparatuses for determining an optimal time window for use in calculating the above described index.

    摘要翻译： 用于检测紧固件松动的方法和装置。 传感器以环境变量（如温度）的基准值查询结构，并将此基线信号存储供以后使用。 随后，用户可以在任何时间远程查询结构，并将来自这些查询的信号与存储的基线信号进行比较。 在一些实施例中，计算索引，并且如果所计算的索引超过预定阈值，则系统确定一个或多个紧固件已经松动。 期望选择查询信号对紧固件松动最敏感但对环境变量的变化最不敏感的时间窗。 因此，本发明的实施例包括用于确定用于计算上述索引的最佳时间窗口的方法和装置。

    STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM HAVING MEMORY ON STRUCTURE
    2.
    发明申请
    STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM HAVING MEMORY ON STRUCTURE 有权
    具有结构记忆的结构健康监测系统

    公开(公告)号：US20100114503A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-05-06

    申请号：US12432668

    申请日：2009-04-29

    申请人： Chang ZHANG ,  Xinlin QING ,  Irene Li

    发明人： Chang ZHANG ,  Xinlin QING ,  Irene Li

    IPC分类号： G06F19/00

    CPC分类号： G01M5/00

    摘要： Storage of information, such as baseline information and structure ID, in a memory that is mounted on the structure, rather than inside the diagnosis hardware. This allows for faster and more convenient information retrieval. In particular, this approach allows for a more modular system in which different diagnosis hardware or other analyzers can be simply plugged into a structure's sensor network, whereupon they can quickly download any desired structure-specific information (e.g., baseline information, structure ID, and other useful information) from the on-structure memory.

    摘要翻译： 将信息（如基线信息和结构ID）存储在安装在结构上而不是诊断硬件内的存储器中。 这允许更快更方便的信息检索。 特别地，这种方法允许一种更加模块化的系统，其中不同的诊断硬件或其他分析器可以简单地插入到结构的传感器网络中，于是它们可以快速下载任何期望的结构特定信息（例如，基线信息，结构ID和 其他有用的信息）从结构内存。

    Method and apparatus for switching among elements of a structural health monitoring system
    3.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for switching among elements of a structural health monitoring system 有权
    用于在结构健康监测系统的元件之间切换的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US07395189B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-07-01

    申请号：US11600248

    申请日：2006-11-14

    申请人： Xinlin Qing ,  Shawn J. Beard ,  Zengpin Yu ,  Irene Li

    发明人： Xinlin Qing ,  Shawn J. Beard ,  Zengpin Yu ,  Irene Li

    IPC分类号： G06F11/30 ,  G21C17/00

    CPC分类号： A61B5/0002 ,  A61B2560/0443 ,  A61B2562/222 ,  G01N29/34 ,  G01N2291/0258 ,  G01N2291/106

    摘要： Use of a single line for switching multiple monitoring elements on/off, and a single line for sending signals to, or receiving signals from, those elements that are switched on. Monitoring elements each have an associated switching element, and each switching element is connected to a common switching line, or control line. A signal from the control line turns each switch on or off. Each monitoring element is also connected to a single signal line, and only those monitoring elements that are turned on can transmit/receive data signals along this signal line.

    摘要翻译： 使用单线来开/关多个监控元件，以及一条线路，用于发送信号或从接收到的元件接收信号。 监控元件各自具有相关联的开关元件，并且每个开关元件连接到公共开关线或控制线。 来自控制线的信号使每个开关打开或关闭。 每个监控元件也连接到单个信号线，只有那些接通的监控元件才能沿着该信号线发送/接收数据信号。

    Structural health monitoring layer having distributed electronics
    4.
    发明申请
    Structural health monitoring layer having distributed electronics 审中-公开
    具有分布式电子设备的结构健康监测层

    公开(公告)号：US20070018083A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-01-25

    申请号：US11453184

    申请日：2006-06-13

    申请人： Amrita Kumar ,  Xinlin Qing ,  Shawn Beard ,  Chang Zhang ,  Zengpin Yu ,  Irene Li

    发明人： Amrita Kumar ,  Xinlin Qing ,  Shawn Beard ,  Chang Zhang ,  Zengpin Yu ,  Irene Li

    IPC分类号： G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01B7/16

    CPC分类号： G01B11/18 ,  G01M5/0033 ,  G01M5/0041 ,  G01M5/0066 ,  G01M11/083

    摘要： A sensor array embedded within a flexible layer. The sensors, which can be transducers, are controlled by local electronics also embedded within the flexible layer. The invention includes numerous different arrangements of these electronic controllers and their associated transducers. For example, each transducer can have its own controller embedded nearby. Alternatively, one controller can control a number of transducers, and can therefore be embedded in various configurations proximate to one or more of the transducers it controls. The controllers can include various components that impart other advantages, such as wireless transceivers for reducing the number of wires needed within the flexible layer, and local processors for reducing or eliminating the need for a remote data processor.

    摘要翻译： 嵌入柔性层内的传感器阵列。 可以是传感器的传感器由也嵌入在柔性层内的本地电子装置控制。 本发明包括这些电子控制器及其相关联的换能器的许多不同布置。 例如，每个传感器可以在其附近嵌入自己的控制器。 或者，一个控制器可以控制多个换能器，并且因此可以嵌入接近其控制的一个或多个换能器的各种配置。 控制器可以包括赋予其他优点的各种组件，例如用于减少柔性层内所需的电线数量的无线收发器，以及用于减少或消除对远程数据处理器的需要的本地处理器。

    Structural health monitoring network
    7.
    发明申请
    Structural health monitoring network 审中-公开
    结构健康监测网络

    公开(公告)号：US20080155357A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-06-26

    申请号：US11543185

    申请日：2006-10-03

    申请人： Zengpin Yu ,  Chang Zhang ,  Irene Li

    发明人： Zengpin Yu ,  Chang Zhang ,  Irene Li

    IPC分类号： G06F11/00

    CPC分类号： G05B23/0213

    摘要： A networked configuration of structural health monitoring elements. Monitoring elements such as sensors and actuators are configured as a network, with groups of monitoring elements each controlled by a local controller, or cluster controller. A data bus interconnects each cluster controller with a router, forming a networked group of “monitoring clusters” connected to a router. In some embodiments, the router identifies particular clusters, and sends commands to the appropriate cluster controllers, instructing them to carry out the appropriate monitoring operations. In turn, the cluster controllers identify certain ones of their monitoring elements, and direct them to monitor the structure as necessary. Data returned from the monitoring elements is sent to the cluster controllers, which then pass the information to the router.

    摘要翻译： 结构健康监测元素的联网配置。 诸如传感器和执行器之类的监控元件被配置为网络，各组监视元件各自由本地控制器或集群控制器控制。 数据总线将每个集群控制器与路由器互连，形成连接到路由器的联网组“监控集群”。 在一些实施例中，路由器识别特定的集群，并向适当的集群控制器发送命令，指示它们执行适当的监视操作。 反过来，集群控制器识别其中的某些监视元素，并指示它们根据需要监视结构。 从监控元素返回的数据被发送到集群控制器，然后将这些信息传递给路由器。

    Detecting damage in metal structures with structural health monitoring systems
    10.
    发明授权
    Detecting damage in metal structures with structural health monitoring systems 有权
    用结构健康监测系统检测金属结构的损伤

    公开(公告)号：US07908095B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-03-15

    申请号：US12102767

    申请日：2008-04-14

    申请人： Paul B. Liu ,  Fu-Kuo Chang ,  Shawn J. Beard ,  Irene Li

    发明人： Paul B. Liu ,  Fu-Kuo Chang ,  Shawn J. Beard ,  Irene Li

    IPC分类号： G06F19/00

    CPC分类号： G01N29/041 ,  G01N29/36 ,  G01N29/4463 ,  G01N2291/0427 ,  G01N2291/106

    摘要： A method useful in structural health monitoring (SHM) systems for detecting damages in metal structures includes extracting the zero-order symmetric and anti-symmetric mode signal components from each of a plurality of current sensor signals of an array of transducers mounted on the structure, matching the extracted signal components with corresponding signal components of a plurality of baseline sensor signals previously detected in the structure, computing respective indices IS0 and IA0 for each of the matched extracted current and baseline signal components based on respective signal energies thereof, and determining the presence of a damage in the structure if either of the indices IS0 and IA0 of a plurality of neighboring sensor paths of the structure is greater than a selected threshold value.

    摘要翻译： 在用于检测金属结构中的损伤的结构健康监测（SHM）系统中有用的方法包括从安装在结构上的换能器阵列的多个电流传感器信号中的每一个提取零级对称和反对称模式信号分量， 将所提取的信号分量与先前在结构中检测到的多个基线传感器信号的相应信号分量进行匹配，基于其相应的信号能量，为匹配的提取的电流和基线信号分量中的每一个计算相应的索引IS0和IA0， 如果结构的多个相邻传感器路径的索引IS0和IA0中的任一个大于所选择的阈值，则结构中的损坏。