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公开(公告)号：US12237855B2
公开(公告)日：2025-02-25
申请号：US17729229
申请日：2022-04-26
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Andrea Camuffo
IPC: H04B1/04
Abstract: An amplifier of a transmitter includes an input that receives an input signal and generates an amplified signal at an output. A digital power meter is coupled to the input of the amplifier, generates an estimated amplified signal, and determines peak and average powers of the estimated amplified signal. An output power detector coupled to the output of the amplifier determines peak and average powers of the amplified signal. A controller coupled to the digital power meter and the output power detector determines an estimated crest factor based on the peak and average powers of the estimated amplified signal, an amplified crest factor based on the peak and average powers of the amplified signal, and an error vector magnitude based on the estimated and amplified crest factors. The controller, which is also coupled to the amplifier, then adjusts operation of the amplifier based on the error vector magnitude.
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公开(公告)号：US20240097636A1
公开(公告)日：2024-03-21
申请号：US17943399
申请日：2022-09-13
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Andrea Camuffo , Andreas Langer , Guenther Hackl , Stephan Henzler
CPC classification number: H03G3/3042 , H04W52/52
Abstract: This disclosure is directed to compensating for gain drift due to switching the output power of a transmitter of an electronic device. In some cellular network applications, the transmit power level of a transmitter may be frequently adjusted from a low power level to a high power level. If the power level is not switched to the desired power level within a given interval, the transmission signal may be distorted. To enable the transmitter to reach a desired output power within the interval, the voltage supply of a power amplifier may be raised during a low power symbol, which may produce an undesirable gain increase. To mitigate or eliminate the low power symbol gain increase, a gain compensation signal may be introduced into the transmitter. The compensation signal may be adjusted and refined by implementing a power control loop, the power control loop may include a power controller.
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公开(公告)号：US12149382B2
公开(公告)日：2024-11-19
申请号：US17876916
申请日：2022-07-29
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Andrea Camuffo
Abstract: Wireless circuitry can include a processor that generates a reference baseband signal, an upconversion circuit that upconverts the baseband signals to radio-frequency signals, an amplifier that amplifies the radio-frequency signals, and an antenna. The amplifier can be adjusted based on an estimated value computed using error vector magnitude (EVM) estimation circuitry. The EVM estimation circuitry may include a first filter configured to receive the reference signal, a second filter configured to receive a measured signal coupled from the output of the amplifier, a first signal extraction circuit coupled to an output of the first filter, a second signal extraction circuit coupled to an output of the second filter, and a comparison circuit having a first input that receives signals from the first signal extraction circuit, a second input that receives signals from the second signal extraction circuit, and an output on which the estimated value is provided.
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公开(公告)号：US20240364366A1
公开(公告)日：2024-10-31
申请号：US18308492
申请日：2023-04-27
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Andrea Camuffo
CPC classification number: H04B1/0053 , H03F3/245 , H03F2200/451
Abstract: Wireless circuitry may include at least first and second transmit paths coupled to one or more antennas via a radio-frequency coupler. The radio-frequency coupler can receive via switching and filter circuitry a first radio-frequency signal from the first transmit path and a second radio-frequency signal from the second transmit path. The radio-frequency coupler can be coupled to an automatic power control (APC) loop for dynamically adjusting a signal power level of the first radio-frequency signal. The APC loop can include a feedback receiver and a power control circuit having first and second inputs. A first digital filter can be coupled at the first input of the power control circuit and can be configured to reject the second radio-frequency signal. A second digital filter matching the first digital filter can be coupled at the second input of the power control circuit and can be configured to filter a reference baseband signal.
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公开(公告)号：US11223376B2
公开(公告)日：2022-01-11
申请号：US15443260
申请日：2017-02-27
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Andrea Camuffo
Abstract: An envelope tracking system includes an instantaneous amplitude circuitry, an instantaneous frequency circuitry, and a two-dimensional (2D) bias voltage selection circuitry. The instantaneous amplitude circuitry is configured to determine an instantaneous amplitude of a transmit signal. The instantaneous frequency circuitry is configured to determine an instantaneous frequency of the transmit signal. The two-dimensional (2D) bias voltage selection circuitry is configured to determine a bias voltage based on both the instantaneous amplitude and the instantaneous frequency of the transmit signal, and control power supply circuitry to supply the determined bias voltage to a power amplifier that is configured to amplify the transmit signal.
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US20240107479A1
公开(公告)日：2024-03-28
申请号：US17950484
申请日：2022-09-22
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Andrea Camuffo
IPC: H04W56/00
CPC classification number: H04W56/0065
Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless circuitry with a processor, a transmitter, an antenna, and front end circuits coupled between the transmitter and the antenna. Front end circuits for a transmit path may be coupled to the antenna via an intervening radio-frequency coupler. The radio-frequency coupler may be coupled to a feedback receiver via a feedback path. A feedback signal may be provided to the processor via the feedback receiver. A corresponding transmit signal may be provided to the processor via time delay circuitry applying a time delay to the transmit signal. Delay measurement circuitry may perform parallelized cross-correlation operations across multiple iterations to determine the time delay to be applied to the transmit signal.
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公开(公告)号：US20240039764A1
公开(公告)日：2024-02-01
申请号：US17876916
申请日：2022-07-29
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Andrea Camuffo
CPC classification number: H04L25/0204 , H04L25/0224 , H03F1/32
Abstract: Wireless circuitry can include a processor that generates a reference baseband signal, an upconversion circuit that upconverts the baseband signals to radio-frequency signals, an amplifier that amplifies the radio-frequency signals, and an antenna. The amplifier can be adjusted based on an estimated value computed using error vector magnitude (EVM) estimation circuitry. The EVM estimation circuitry may include a first filter configured to receive the reference signal, a second filter configured to receive a measured signal coupled from the output of the amplifier, a first signal extraction circuit coupled to an output of the first filter, a second signal extraction circuit coupled to an output of the second filter, and a comparison circuit having a first input that receives signals from the first signal extraction circuit, a second input that receives signals from the second signal extraction circuit, and an output on which the estimated value is provided.
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公开(公告)号：US20230085876A1
公开(公告)日：2023-03-23
申请号：US17729229
申请日：2022-04-26
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Andrea Camuffo
IPC: H04B1/04
Abstract: An amplifier of a transmitter includes an input that receives an input signal and generates an amplified signal at an output. A digital power meter is coupled to the input of the amplifier, generates an estimated amplified signal, and determines peak and average powers of the estimated amplified signal. An output power detector coupled to the output of the amplifier determines peak and average powers of the amplified signal. A controller coupled to the digital power meter and the output power detector determines an estimated crest factor based on the peak and average powers of the estimated amplified signal, an amplified crest factor based on the peak and average powers of the amplified signal, and an error vector magnitude based on the estimated and amplified crest factors. The controller, which is also coupled to the amplifier, then adjusts operation of the amplifier based on the error vector magnitude.
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公开(公告)号：US20250096828A1
公开(公告)日：2025-03-20
申请号：US18740865
申请日：2024-06-12
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Andrea Camuffo
IPC: H04B1/04
Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless circuitry having a radio-frequency amplifier. A method for calibrating the wireless circuitry is provided that includes characterizing a linear transformation between an input of the radio-frequency amplifier and an input of a feedback receiver, where the radio-frequency amplifier has an output that is coupled to the input of the feedback receiver via a filter and a radio-frequency coupler, obtaining a filter model based on the characterized linear transformation, and generating memory digital predistortion (mDPD) coefficients for a digital predistortion block coupled to the input of the radio-frequency amplifier based on the filter model. The generation of the mDPD coefficients can alternatively be based on an inverse filter model and can further include minimizing an error signal computed from a difference between a predistorted signal output from the digital predistortion block and a demodulated signal output from the feedback receiver.
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公开(公告)号：US20240089876A1
公开(公告)日：2024-03-14
申请号：US17943400
申请日：2022-09-13
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Andrea Camuffo , Andreas Langer , Guenther Hackl , Stephan Henzler
CPC classification number: H04W52/52 , H03G3/3042 , H04W52/36
Abstract: This disclosure is directed to compensating for gain drift due to switching the output power of a transmitter of an electronic device. In some cellular network applications, the transmit power level of a transmitter may be frequently adjusted from a low power level to a high power level. If the power level is not switched to the desired power level within a given interval, the transmission signal may be distorted. To enable the transmitter to reach a desired output power within the interval, the voltage supply of a power amplifier may be raised during a low power symbol, which may produce an undesirable gain increase. To mitigate or eliminate the low power symbol gain increase, a gain compensation signal may be introduced into the transmitter. The compensation signal may be adjusted and refined by implementing a power control loop, the power control loop may include a signal generator.
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