公开(公告)号：US3882301A

公开(公告)日：1975-05-06

申请号：US37901773

申请日：1973-07-13

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： NASSIMBENE ERNIE GEORGE

IPC: G06F3/02 ,  G06K7/016 ,  G11B20/14 ,  H04L25/49 ,  G06K9/18 ,  G01D15/12 ,  G01N21/30 ,  G06K7/10 ,  H03K7/00

CPC classification number: H04L25/49 ,  G06F3/0202 ,  G06K7/0166 ,  G11B20/1411

Abstract: Digital data in self-timing reference is free from error due to irregular data spacing because of variations in speed and/or direction of scan in manual or machine applications with a pulse modulation of retrospective nature. Initially reference data manifestations are established and thereafter digital data are established partly on the basis of preceding manifestations of the data. In a binary data translating system, for example, a pair of reference pulses are spaced apart by a given interval. A binary unit is thereafter manifested by a pulse following at the same or similar interval and a binary zero is manifested by a pulse following at a differing interval. Each manifestation of a binary number thereafter depends on the interval between preceding pulses. A principle advantage of retrospective pulse modulation lies in demodulation. Large variations in the spacing and relatively larger variations in the scanning speed are accommodated readily. Magnetic tape and like records can not only be addressed at conventional high speeds in searching and at conventional low speeds later used in reproducing but, also can be searched continuously as the change is made between those speeds. Adaptive rate communications are particularly enhanced by the principle. Optical scanning of bar codes is improved by differing the spacing of uniform width bars or with bars of differing widths and differing spacing. These arrangements are applicable to railroad car and like object identifying, label data processing, human identification, card data processing, graphic display data probing systems and many other uses. Synchronous and asynchronous capability permits input to almost any digital data processing system.

Abstract translation: 自适应参考中的数字数据由于手动或机器应用中具有回溯性脉冲调制的速度和/或扫描方向的变化而导致不规则的数据间隔。 最初建立参考数据表现，其后数据数据部分地基于数据的先前表现形成。 在二进制数据转换系统中，例如，一对参考脉冲间隔给定间隔。 然后，二进制单元以相同或相似间隔跟随的脉冲表现，并且二进制零表示为以不同间隔跟随的脉冲。 此后二进制数的每个显示取决于之前脉冲之间的间隔。 回溯脉冲调制的一个主要优点在于解调。 容易地容纳间隔的大的变化和扫描速度的相对较大的变化。 磁带和类似的记录不仅可以在传统的高速搜索和传统的低速度下被再现使用，而且可以随着这些速度之间的变化而被连续地搜索。 这种原理特别增强了自适应速率通信。 条形码的光学扫描通过使不同宽度条的间距与不同宽度和不同间距的条纹不同而得到改善。 这些布置适用于铁路车辆和物体识别，标签数据处理，人类识别，卡片数据处理，图形显示数据探测系统和许多其他用途。 同步和异步功能允许输入几乎任何数字数据处理系统。

公开(公告)号：US3631394A

公开(公告)日：1971-12-28

申请号：US3631394D

申请日：1969-12-29

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： HARR JEROME DANFORTH ,  JOHNSON REYNOLD BENJAMIN ,  MARRS RALPH EUGENE ,  NASSIMBENE ERNIE GEORGE ,  PRICE GEORGE EDMUND

IPC: G06K9/20 ,  G06K7/14

CPC classification number: G06K9/20 ,  G06K9/28

Abstract: The recognition of human- and machine-readable characters of a family of type of which each character has no more than 12 segments is enhanced by a dual-disk segmented scanning arrangement. The generic-type family format is a medianly quartered parallelogram (MQP) embracing both slanted and upright printing, the latter being more specifically in the format of an orthogonally quartered rectangle (OQR). The scanning apparatus comprises an opto-mechanical subassembly for precisely scanning the short straight line segments in seriatim. A pair of rotating disks are arranged in overlapping relationship with apertures at the point of scan moving in directions substantially normal to each other, and both disks are moving past the scanning point in a direction opposite to the direction of one of the disks. The disks are usually rotating at the same speed and in opposite directions, and the apertures are arranged for scanning a multiplicity of characters for each full rotation of the disks. The apertures are divided into slits and slots with a slit in one disk cooperating with a slot in the other disk moving in the direction of an image line segment under consideration. An opto1electronic arrangement produces an electric representation in response to the presence and absence of a character line segment in the image. The opto-electronic arrangement comprises a photosensitive diode arranged to receive light from an area on a document. The highest and lowest light values are translated in a positive and negative peak storage circuit coupled to the photosensitive element. A threshold comparator circuit is individually coupled to the positive and negative peak storage circuits for delivering potential levels of values indicating marks or spaces.

公开(公告)号：US3598218A

公开(公告)日：1971-08-10

申请号：US3598218D

申请日：1969-06-02

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： GILOVICH PAUL ANTHONY ,  JOHNSON REYNOLD BENJAMIN ,  LONG EDWARD EVERETT ,  MCMURTRY DAVID HARWOOD ,  NASSIMBENE ERNIE GEORGE ,  O'ROURKE THOMAS FRANK ,  PRICE GEORGE EDMUND

IPC: B41J2/22 ,  B41J2/305 ,  B41J2/50 ,  B41J5/00

CPC classification number: B41J2/50

Abstract: The use of Computer Assisted Instructional Systems and other electronic data processing systems is enhanced by a simple, lowcost, key-responding mechanical type-printing apparatus for printing human and machine readable characters of a family of type of which each character has no more than 12 segments. The generic type family format is a medianly quartered parallelogram (MQP) embracing both slanted and upright printing, the latter being more specifically in the format of an orthogonally quartered rectangle (OQR). The printing apparatus comprises a multiple of printing blade elements arranged as a subassembly for printing short straight line segments by impressing the ends of the blade elements on the record medium against a platen. Liquid ink is fed to the blade elements made up of several leaves between which the ink flows by way of capillary action. The proper blades are selected for printing the corresponding segments making up a desired character by means of a stack of selector plates. There is one selector plate individual to each blade element and a 13th, spacing, plate. Each of the selector plates are of integral construction having a selecting section, the front edge of which is to be moved in a direction forcing the associated printing blade element forward for printing the corresponding line segment, and two guiding sections for insuring parallel movement of the selecting section. Each of the selecting sections of the selector plates has a multiple of substantially square apertures in registry with corresponding apertures in all of the other plates. Keys are extended through the apertures in all of the selector plates in registry. The keys in the plates have surfaces cooperating with edges of the apertures of the plates defining the forward direction of the plates of two different characteristics distributed in predetermined permutation for all of the keys. Depressing a key shifts the selector plates relative to one another in accordance with the distribution of the two different characteristics. The guiding sections of the plates are pivoted at central points so that the selecting sections move directly forward regardless of the location of the particular key which is actuating the plates. The leading edge of the selector plates for the particular character desired may bear directly against the ends of the blade elements remote from the printing ends, but preferably linking elements are interposed between the printing blade elements and the selector plates. These linking elements are particularly desirable when the direction of travel of the printing blade element is at an angle with respect to the direction of travel of the selector plates. Specifically, the square apertures of the plates which are to remain at rest for the selection of a given character are enlarged so that depressing the associated key will not move them forward. A camming element is arraNged in the apertures between the actuating surface of the keys and the actuating surfaces of the selector plates to provide more uniform motion. The subassembly of printing blade elements and the subassembly of linking elements are arranged in a carrier which is stepped across the leading edge of the selector plates in response to actuation of the 13th or spacing selector plates. When the carrier has arrived at the end of the line, it is manually returned to the beginning of the travel and the record medium is advanced automatically one line in readiness for the next line of printing. Preferably, the printing blade element assembly, the escapement mechanism, and record-medium-advancing mechanism are designed so that different sized characters may be printed and spaced accordingly.