公开(公告)号：US06708133B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-16

申请号：US10368548

申请日：2003-02-18

申请人： John Hallett ,  Roy Martin Rasmussen

发明人： John Hallett ,  Roy Martin Rasmussen

IPC分类号： G01W100

CPC分类号： G01W1/14

摘要： A precipitation measuring system comprising a top thermal plate positioned to maximize exposure to falling precipitation and includes at least one ridge circumscribing the top surface for capturing precipitation. A second thermal plate is positioned under the top thermal plate to protect it from falling precipitation while still exposing it to the same atmospheric temperature and wind conditions. At least one solar radiation sensor is connected to the precipitation measuring system to measure solar radiation contacting at least one of the top and bottom thermal plates. During a precipitation event, the top and bottom thermal plates are maintained at a constant temperature and a power consumption curve for each thermal plate is quantified. The precipitation rate is measured by the difference in the power consumption curve for the top thermal plate and the power consumption curve for the bottom thermal plate.

公开(公告)号：US06675100B1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-06

申请号：US10368509

申请日：2003-02-18

申请人： John Hallett ,  Roy Martin Rasmussen

发明人： John Hallett ,  Roy Martin Rasmussen

IPC分类号： G01W100

CPC分类号： G01W1/14

摘要： A precipitation measuring system comprising a top thermal plate positioned to maximize exposure to falling precipitation and includes at least one ridge circumscribing the top surface for capturing precipitation. A second thermal plate is positioned under the top thermal plate to protect it from falling precipitation while still exposing it to the same atmospheric temperature and wind conditions. At least one solar radiation sensor is connected to the precipitation measuring system to measure solar radiation contacting at least one of the top and bottom thermal plates. During a precipitation event, the top and bottom thermal plates are maintained at a constant temperature and a power consumption curve for each thermal plate is quantified. The precipitation rate is measured by the difference in the power consumption curve for the top thermal plate and the power consumption curve for the bottom thermal plate.

摘要翻译： 一种沉淀测量系统，包括顶部热板，其定位成使暴露于降水沉淀最大化，并且包括限定顶表面以捕获沉淀的至少一个脊。 第二个热板位于顶部热板下方，以防止其下降，同时仍将其暴露在相同的大气温度和风力条件下。 至少一个太阳辐射传感器连接到沉淀测量系统以测量接触顶部和底部热板中的至少一个的太阳辐射。 在降水事件期间，顶部和底部热板保持在恒定温度，并且量化每个热板的功耗曲线。 沉淀速率由顶部热板的功耗曲线和底部热板的功耗曲线的差值来测量。

公开(公告)号：US06546353B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-08

申请号：US09395088

申请日：1999-09-13

申请人： John Hallett ,  Roy Martin Rasmussen

发明人： John Hallett ,  Roy Martin Rasmussen

IPC分类号： G01W100

CPC分类号： G01W1/14

摘要： A precipitation measuring system comprising a top thermal plate positioned to maximize exposure to falling precipitation and includes at least one ridge circumscribing the top surface for capturing precipitation. A second thermal plate is positioned under the top thermal plate to protect it from falling precipitation while still exposing it to the same atmospheric temperature and wind conditions. At least one solar radiation sensor is connected to the precipitation measuring system to measure solar radiation contacting at least one of the top and bottom thermal plates. During a precipitation event, the top and bottom thermal plates are maintained at a constant temperature and a power consumption curve for each thermal plate is quantified. The precipitation rate is measured by the difference in the power consumption curve for the top thermal plate and the power consumption curve for the bottom thermal plate.

摘要翻译： 一种沉淀测量系统，包括顶部热板，其定位成使暴露于降水沉淀最大化，并且包括限定顶表面以捕获沉淀的至少一个脊。 第二个热板位于顶部热板下方，以防止其下降，同时仍将其暴露在相同的大气温度和风力条件下。 至少一个太阳辐射传感器连接到沉淀测量系统以测量接触顶部和底部热板中的至少一个的太阳辐射。 在降水事件期间，顶部和底部热板保持在恒定温度，并且量化每个热板的功耗曲线。 沉淀速率由顶部热板的功耗曲线和底部热板的功耗曲线的差值来测量。

公开(公告)号：US07191643B2

公开(公告)日：2007-03-20

申请号：US11025214

申请日：2004-12-22

申请人： Roy Martin Rasmussen ,  John Hallett

发明人： Roy Martin Rasmussen ,  John Hallett

IPC分类号： G01W1/00

CPC分类号： B64D15/20

摘要： A sensor system comprises a first sensor, a second sensor, and circuitry. The first sensor collects non-frozen liquid with a first collection efficiency, but does not collect frozen liquid. The second sensor collects non-frozen liquid with a second collection efficiency and also collects frozen liquid. The first collection efficiency and the second collection efficiency are substantially equivalent. The circuitry maintains the first sensor and the second sensor at a substantially constant temperature. The circuitry determines a measurement of the frozen liquid based on maintaining the first sensor and the second sensor at the substantially constant temperature. In some examples, multiple sensor systems can be used in combination to improve the accuracy of the measurement.

摘要翻译： 传感器系统包括第一传感器，第二传感器和电路。 第一个传感器以第一收集效率收集非冷冻液体，但不收集冷冻液体。 第二传感器以第二收集效率收集非冷冻液体，并且还收集冷冻液体。 第一收集效率和第二收集效率基本相同。 电路将第一传感器和第二传感器保持在基本上恒定的温度。 电路基于将第一传感器和第二传感器保持在基本上恒定的温度来确定冷冻液体的测量。 在一些示例中，可以组合使用多个传感器系统以提高测量的精度。

公开(公告)号：US06711521B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-23

申请号：US10368506

申请日：2003-02-18

申请人： John Hallett ,  Roy Martin Rasmussen

发明人： John Hallett ,  Roy Martin Rasmussen

IPC分类号： G01W100

CPC分类号： G01W1/14

摘要： A precipitation measuring system comprising a top thermal plate positioned to maximize exposure to falling precipitation and includes at least one ridge circumscribing the top surface for capturing precipitation. A second thermal plate is positioned under the top thermal plate to protect it from falling precipitation while still exposing it to the same atmospheric temperature and wind conditions. At least one solar radiation sensor is connected to the precipitation measuring system to measure solar radiation contacting at least one of the top and bottom thermal plates. During a precipitation event, the top and bottom thermal plates are maintained at a constant temperature and a power consumption curve for each thermal plate is quantified. The precipitation rate is measured by the difference in the power consumption curve for the top thermal plate and the power consumption curve for the bottom thermal plate.

公开(公告)号：US06751571B1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-15

申请号：US10368508

申请日：2003-02-18

申请人： John Hallett ,  Roy Martin Rasmussen

发明人： John Hallett ,  Roy Martin Rasmussen

IPC分类号： G01W100

CPC分类号： G01W1/14

摘要： A precipitation measuring system comprising a top thermal plate positioned to maximize exposure to falling precipitation and includes at least one ridge circumscribing the top surface for capturing precipitation. A second thermal plate is positioned under the top thermal plate to protect it from falling precipitation while still exposing it to the same atmospheric temperature and wind conditions. At least one solar radiation sensor is connected to the precipitation measuring system to measure solar radiation contacting at least one of the top and bottom thermal plates. During a precipitation event, the top and bottom thermal plates are maintained at a constant temperature and a power consumption curve for each thermal plate is quantified. The precipitation rate is measured by the difference in the power consumption curve for the top thermal plate and the power consumption curve for the bottom thermal plate.

公开(公告)号：US06714869B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-30

申请号：US10368504

申请日：2003-02-18

申请人： John Hallett ,  Roy Martin Rasmussen

发明人： John Hallett ,  Roy Martin Rasmussen

IPC分类号： G01W100

CPC分类号： G01W1/14

摘要： A precipitation measuring system comprising a top thermal plate positioned to maximize exposure to falling precipitation and includes at least one ridge circumscribing the top surface for capturing precipitation. A second thermal plate is positioned under the top thermal plate to protect it from falling precipitation while still exposing it to the same atmospheric temperature and wind conditions. At least one solar radiation sensor is connected to the precipitation measuring system to measure solar radiation contacting at least one of the top and bottom thermal plates. During a precipitation event, the top and bottom thermal plates are maintained at a constant temperature and a power consumption curve for each thermal plate is quantified. The precipitation rate is measured by the difference in the power consumption curve for the top thermal plate and the power consumption curve for the bottom thermal plate.

公开(公告)号：US5744711A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-28

申请号：US740757

申请日：1996-11-01

申请人： Roy Martin Rasmussen ,  John Hallett

发明人： Roy Martin Rasmussen ,  John Hallett

IPC分类号： G01W1/14

CPC分类号： G01W1/14

摘要： A winter precipitation measuring system for quantifying the precipitation rate of winter precipitation at a given point on the Earth's surface. The winter precipitation measuring system includes an elongated tube, a thermal plate within the elongated tube, and a method and apparatus for maintaining the thermal plate at a substantially constant temperature relative to a reference plate and for determining a precipitation rate in response to the difference in power consumption required to maintain the thermal plate at a substantially constant temperature.

摘要翻译： 冬季降水测量系统，用于量化地球表面给定点的冬季降水的降水率。 冬季降水测量系统包括细长管，细长管内的热板，以及用于将热板相对于参考板维持在基本上恒定的温度的方法和装置，并且用于响应于所述差异来确定沉淀速率 将热板维持在基本恒定的温度所需的功率消耗。

公开(公告)号：US20120304671A1

公开(公告)日：2012-12-06

申请号：US13436488

申请日：2012-03-30

申请人： John Hallett

发明人： John Hallett

IPC分类号： F25B41/00 ,  F25C5/18 ,  F25C1/00

CPC分类号： F25C1/00 ,  B64F5/60

摘要： The present disclosure provides a method of producing a mixed-phase environment. A plurality of supercooled liquid particles are dispersed into a fluid to form a first stream. A plurality of ice particles are dispersed into a fluid to form a second stream. The first and second streams are mixed to form a third stream. The present disclosure also provides a system for producing a mixed-phase environment. The system includes an ice generator, an ice disperser, a water disperser, a first fluid source coupled to the water dispenser, a second fluid source fluidly coupled to the ice disperser, a first flow chamber fluidly coupled to the first fluid source and having an outlet, a second flow chamber fluidly coupled to the second fluid source and having an outlet, and a third flow chamber that includes an inlet fluidly coupled to the outlets of the first and second flow chambers.

摘要翻译： 本公开提供了一种生产混合相环境的方法。 将多个过冷液体颗粒分散到流体中以形成第一流。 将多个冰颗粒分散到流体中以形成第二流。 将第一和第二流混合以形成第三流。 本公开还提供了一种用于生产混合相环境的系统。 该系统包括冰发生器，冰分散器，水分散器，联接到水分配器的第一流体源，流体耦合到冰分散器的第二流体源，流体耦合到第一流体源的第一流动室， 出口，流体耦合到第二流体源并具有出口的第二流动室，以及包括流体耦合到第一和第二流动室的出口的入口的第三流动室。

公开(公告)号：US20050268710A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-08

申请号：US11025214

申请日：2004-12-22

申请人： Roy Rasmussen ,  John Hallett

发明人： Roy Rasmussen ,  John Hallett

IPC分类号： B64D15/20 ,  F25C1/00 ,  G01W1/00 ,  G01W1/14 ,  G08B19/02

CPC分类号： B64D15/20

摘要： A sensor system comprises a first sensor, a second sensor, and circuitry. The first sensor collects non-frozen liquid with a first collection efficiency, but does not collect frozen liquid. The second sensor collects non-frozen liquid with a second collection efficiency and also collects frozen liquid. The first collection efficiency and the second collection efficiency are substantially equivalent. The circuitry maintains the first sensor and the second sensor at a substantially constant temperature. The circuitry determines a measurement of the frozen liquid based on maintaining the first sensor and the second sensor at the substantially constant temperature. In some examples, multiple sensor systems can be used in combination to improve the accuracy of the measurement.

摘要翻译： 传感器系统包括第一传感器，第二传感器和电路。 第一个传感器以第一收集效率收集非冷冻液体，但不收集冷冻液体。 第二传感器以第二收集效率收集非冷冻液体，并且还收集冷冻液体。 第一收集效率和第二收集效率基本相同。 电路将第一传感器和第二传感器保持在基本上恒定的温度。 电路基于将第一传感器和第二传感器保持在基本上恒定的温度来确定冷冻液体的测量。 在一些示例中，可以组合使用多个传感器系统以提高测量的准确度。