公开(公告)号：US20090252278A1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-08

申请号：US12340833

申请日：2008-12-22

申请人： Sergey Mikhailovich BASHKIRTSEV ,  Valentin Fedorovich KUZNETSOV ,  Valery Vladimirovich KEVROLEV ,  Alexey Glebovich MOROZOV

发明人： Sergey Mikhailovich BASHKIRTSEV ,  Valentin Fedorovich KUZNETSOV ,  Valery Vladimirovich KEVROLEV ,  Alexey Glebovich MOROZOV

IPC分类号： G21C3/32 ,  G21C3/00

CPC分类号： G21C3/58 ,  G21C3/08 ,  G21C3/28 ,  G21C5/18 ,  G21C5/20 ,  G21Y2002/304 ,  G21Y2002/601 ,  G21Y2004/30 ,  G21Y2004/40 ,  Y02E30/32 ,  Y02E30/38

摘要： The invention relates to light water reactor designs in which thorium is used as fuel and in particular to designs of jacketless fuel assemblies, which make up the cores of pressurized water reactors (PWRs) such as the VVER-1000. Nuclear reactor cores containing seed and blanket subassemblies that make up the fuel assemblies are used to burn thorium fuel together with conventional reactor fuel that includes nonproliferative enriched uranium, as well as weapons-grade and reactor-grade plutonium. In the first alternative, the reactor core is fully “nonproliferative,” since neither the reactor fuel nor the wastes generated can be used to produce nuclear weapons. In the second version of the invention, the reactor core is used to burn large amounts of weapons-grade plutonium together with thorium and provides a suitable means to destroy stockpiles of weapons-grade plutonium and convert the energy released to electric power. The cores in both embodiments of the invention are made up of a set of seed-blanket assemblies, which have central seed areas surrounded by annular blanket areas. The seed areas contain uranium or plutonium fuel rods, while the blanket areas contain thorium fuel rods. The volume ratio of moderator to fuel and the relative sizes of the seed area and the blanket area have been optimized so that neither embodiment of the invention generates wastes that can be used to produced nuclear weapons. A new refueling system is also used for the first embodiment of the invention to maximize recycling of the seed fuel; the system also ensures that the spent nuclear fuel cannot be used to produce nuclear weapons.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及其中钍用作燃料的轻水反应堆设计，特别涉及组成诸如VVER-1000的加压水反应堆（PWR）的核心的无夹套燃料组件的设计。 包含构成燃料组件的种子和橡皮布子组件的核反应堆核心与用于包括非增殖型浓缩铀以及武器级和反应堆级钚的常规反应堆燃料一起燃烧钍燃料。 在第一种替代方案中，反应堆核心是完全“非增殖的”，因为反应堆燃料和生成的废物都不能用于生产核武器。 在本发明的第二个版本中，反应堆堆芯被用来燃烧大量的武器级钚和钍，并提供了一种合适的手段来摧毁武器级钚的储存并将释放的能量转化为电力。 本发明的两个实施例中的芯由一组种子毯组件组成，其具有由环形覆盖区域包围的中心种子区域。 种子区域包含铀或钚燃料棒，而覆盖区域包含钍燃料棒。 已经优化了调节剂与燃料的体积比以及种子面积和覆盖面积的相对大小，使得本发明的两个实施例都不产生可用于生产核武器的废物。 本发明的第一个实施例也使用新的加油系统，以使种子燃料的回收最大化; 该制度还确保废核燃料不能用于生产核武器。

公开(公告)号：US20110255651A1

公开(公告)日：2011-10-20

申请号：US13047168

申请日：2011-03-14

申请人： Sergey Mikhailovich BASHKIRTSEV ,  Valentin Fedorovich KUZNETSOV ,  Valery Vladimirovich KEVROLEV ,  Alexei Glebovich MOROZOV ,  Michael H. MONTGOMERY

发明人： Sergey Mikhailovich BASHKIRTSEV ,  Valentin Fedorovich KUZNETSOV ,  Valery Vladimirovich KEVROLEV ,  Alexei Glebovich MOROZOV ,  Michael H. MONTGOMERY

IPC分类号： G21C3/07 ,  G21C21/00 ,  G21C3/06 ,  G21C3/32

CPC分类号： G21C3/08 ,  G21C3/28 ,  G21C3/58 ,  G21C3/60 ,  G21C5/18 ,  G21C5/20 ,  G21Y2002/304 ,  G21Y2002/601 ,  G21Y2004/30 ,  G21Y2004/40 ,  Y02E30/32 ,  Y02E30/38

摘要： Fuel elements are supported by fuel assemblies configured for use in land-based nuclear reactors such as the VVER-1000. The fuel elements include a kernel having a multi-lobed profile that forms spiral ribs that include fissionable material (e.g., uranium or plutonium), a central metal displacer extending along a longitudinal axis of the kernel, and a metal cladding (e.g., zirconium and/or other refractory metals) enclosing the kernel. The fuel element may be fabricated by joint extrusion of the displacer, kernel, and cladding through a die to metallurgically bond the kernel and cladding.

摘要翻译： 燃料元件由配置用于陆基核反应堆（例如VVER-1000）的燃料组件支撑。 燃料元件包括具有多叶形轮廓的内芯，其形成螺旋肋，其包括可裂变材料（例如铀或钚），沿着芯的纵向轴线延伸的中心金属置换器，以及金属包层（例如锆和 /或其他难熔金属）。 燃料元件可以通过通过模具的置换器，核和包层的联合挤压来制造，以冶金地结合内核和包层。