公开(公告)号：US20080251732A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-16

申请号：US10597571

申请日：2004-02-03

Applicant: Louis Dick ,  Rui De Oliveira

Inventor： Louis Dick ,  Rui De Oliveira

IPC: G01T1/185

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: The present invention provides a radiation detector in which primary electrons are released into a gas by ionizing radiation from a radiation source (10) and are caused to drift to read-out electrodes (1) by means of an electric field (2) generated by applying a negative tension to a drifting electrode (11) located near the radiation source (10), characterized in that it comprises three sets of longitudinal electrodes (1) forming three superposed planes which are substantially perpendicular to said electric field (2), the longitudinal electrodes (1) in the respective planes being applied progressively positive tensions relatively to the drifting electrode (11) when going from the plane (4) closest to the drifting electrode to the plane (4″) farthest from the drifting electrode, said plane (4″) farthest from the drifting electrode being applied a positive tension.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种辐射检测器，其中通过电离来自辐射源（10）的辐射将一次电子释放到气体中，并且通过由（2）所产生的电场（2）漂移到读出电极（1） 对位于辐射源（10）附近的漂移电极（11）施加负张力，其特征在于，它包括形成基本上垂直于所述电场（2）的三个重叠平面的三组纵向电极（1）， 当从最靠近漂移电极的平面（4）离开距离漂移电极最远的平面（4“）时，各个平面中的纵向电极（1）相对于漂移电极（11）施加逐渐的正张力，所述 距离漂移电极最远的平面（4“）施加正张力。

公开(公告)号：US06396063B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-28

申请号：US09555098

申请日：2000-05-24

Applicant: Gerasimos Daniel Danilatos

Inventor： Gerasimos Daniel Danilatos

IPC: H01J37244

CPC classification number: H01J37/244 ,  H01J47/06

Abstract: An alternating electromagnetic field in the radiofrequency range is applied in a gaseous environment (4). Free electrons produced in the gas (4), by an ionising source of radiation (5) or by interaction of a charged particle beam with a specimen, are acted upon by the alternating electromagnetic field and undergo an oscillatory motion resulting in multiple collisions with the gas molecules or atoms. Amplified electron and photon signals are generated in a controlled discharge, proportional to the initial number of free electrons, and are collected by suitable means (6, 7, 8). The alternating field is generated either by electrodes (1, 2) biased with an alternating voltage, or by a coil driven by an AC current, and may be superposed with a static electric field. The detection device may be used with instruments such as electron microscopes, in ion beam technologies, and with instruments used for detection of ionising radiations such as proportional counters.

Abstract translation: 在气体环境（4）中施加射频范围内的交变电磁场。 在气体（4）中，通过电离辐射源（5）或通过带电粒子束与样本的相互作用产生的自由电子被交变电磁场作用，并经历振荡运动，导致与 气体分子或原子。 放大的电子和光子信号在受控放电中产生，与自由电子的初始数量成比例，并通过合适的方式收集（6,7,8）。 交变场由通过交流电压偏置的电极（1,2）产生，或由由AC电流驱动的线圈产生，并且可以与静电场重叠。 检测装置可以与诸如电子显微镜，离子束技术的仪器一起使用，以及用于电离辐射检测的仪器，例如比例计数器。

公开(公告)号：US20020014839A1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-07

申请号：US09782003

申请日：2001-02-12

Inventor： Ottmar Jagutzki ,  Horst Schmidt-Bocking ,  Volker Mergel ,  Alfred Cerezo ,  Min Huang

IPC: H01J040/00

CPC classification number: G01T1/17 ,  H01J47/06 ,  H01J49/025

Abstract: The invention concerns a device and method for two-dimensional imaging and timing of particles or electromagnetic radiation with improved pulse-pair resolution. A detector, e.g. a michrochannel plate detector with a delay-line anode with three or more conductive members is used as exemplary embodiment for achieving these requirements. Redundant position and timing information is used for uniquely determine the timing and position of two or more particles, even if they arrive at the same time at the detector.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于具有改进的脉冲对分辨率的粒子或电磁辐射的二维成像和定时的装置和方法。 检测器，例如 作为用于实现这些要求的示例性实施例，使用具有带有三个或更多个导电构件的延迟线阳极的迈克罗通道板检测器。 冗余位置和定时信息用于唯一地确定两个或更多颗粒的时间和位置，即使它们在检测器处同时到达。

公开(公告)号：US5742061A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-21

申请号：US676222

申请日：1996-08-19

Applicant: Marc Lemonnier ,  Thierry Claude Bucaille ,  Joel Robert Charlet ,  Michel Bordessoule ,  Fran.cedilla.ois Bartol ,  Stephan Megtert

Inventor： Marc Lemonnier ,  Thierry Claude Bucaille ,  Joel Robert Charlet ,  Michel Bordessoule ,  Fran.cedilla.ois Bartol ,  Stephan Megtert

IPC: G01T1/18 ,  H01J47/06

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: An ionizing radiation detector having an enclosure filled with a rare gas within which is located a proportional counter. An absorption zone is formed between the counter and the upper wall of the enclosure in which radiation is ionized. The counter has at least one anode and at least one cathode which are parallel to one another and separated by an insulating material layer. The cathode and the insulating material layer have at least one opening in which there is a substantially uniform electric field and which constitutes a multiplication zone for electrons which result from the ionization of the radiation.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / FR95 / 01548 Sec。 371日期：1996年8月19日 102（e）日期1996年8月19日PCT提交1995年11月23日PCT公布。 WO96 / 17373 PCT出版物 日期1996年6月6日具有填充有稀有气体的外壳的电离辐射检测器，其中位于比例计数器。 吸收区形成在外壳的计数器与上壁之间，辐射被电离。 计数器具有至少一个阳极和至少一个阴极，它们彼此平行并被绝缘材料层隔开。 阴极和绝缘材料层具有至少一个开口，其中存在基本上均匀的电场，并且构成由辐射电离产生的电子的乘积区。

公开(公告)号：US4158774A

公开(公告)日：1979-06-19

申请号：US750117

申请日：1976-12-13

Applicant: Arthur J. Stokes

Inventor： Arthur J. Stokes

IPC: H01J47/06 ,  G01T1/18

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: A radiation detector of the gas-filled counter tube type which has a reduced count rate drift. An electrically conductive coating is applied to the interior insulating surfaces in proximity to the anode wire of a gas-filled counter tube structure having an axially disposed wire anode. The electrically conductive coating is maintained at the same electrical potential as the anode and accumulated charges in proximity to the anode are thereby eliminated. Alternately, the electrically conductive coating applied to the interior insulating surfaces in proximity to the anode may be maintained at the same electrical potential as the outer conducting cylinder in order to eliminate accumulated charges. The elimination of accumulated charges in proximity to the anode significantly reduces count rate drift and hence improves detector performance.

Abstract translation: 具有减少的计数速率漂移的气体填充计数管型辐射探测器。 将导电涂层施加到具有轴向设置的线阳极的气体填充对流管结构的阳极线附近的内部绝缘表面。 导电涂层保持在与阳极相同的电位，从而消除了邻近阳极的累积电荷。 或者，施加到阳极附近的内部绝缘表面的导电涂层可以保持在与外导电圆筒相同的电位，以消除积累的电荷。 消除靠近阳极的累积电荷显着降低了计数速率漂移，从而提高了检测器性能。

公开(公告)号：US3975638A

公开(公告)日：1976-08-17

申请号：US518992

申请日：1974-10-29

Applicant: Claude Grunberg ,  Jean Le Devehat

Inventor： Claude Grunberg ,  Jean Le Devehat

IPC: H01J47/06 ,  G01T1/22 ,  G01T1/18

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: An array of needle point anodes has its points uniformly spaced from a sheet cathode. Ionization occurring in an ionizable medium causes electron multiplication in the high electric field of the nearest anode point. A semiconductor solid may be the ionizable medium, instead of the usual gaseous or liquified rare gas. The pulse count rate is individually measured for each anode, or for each cathode segment when the anodes are connected together and a segmented cathode is used, to locate the trajectory and measure the flux of ionizing particles.

Abstract translation: 针尖阳极的阵列具有与片状阴极均匀间隔的点。 在可电离介质中发生的电离导致最近阳极点的高电场中的电子倍增。 半导体固体可以是可电离介质，而不是通常的气态或液化稀有气体。 当阳极连接在一起并使用分段阴极时，对于每个阳极或每个阴极段分别测量脉冲计数率，以定位轨迹并测量电离粒子的通量。

公开(公告)号：US3911279A

公开(公告)日：1975-10-07

申请号：US36113473

申请日：1973-05-17

Applicant: BALL BROTHERS RES CORP

Inventor： GILLAND JERRY R ,  EMMING JAN G

IPC: G01T1/18 ,  H01J47/06

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: A position sensitive multiwire proportional counter with integral delay line including a support carrying a plurality of anode wires and at least one cathode wire spaced in a predetermined relationship from the anode wires within the active volume of the counter to form an integral delay line. The counter is filled with a gas which ionizes upon interaction with ionizing radiation, the ionization of the gas being enhanced by the positive anode, such that an electrical charge is thereby induced in the cathode wire. Sensing of elapsed time between receipt of the induced charge at opposing ends of the cathode wire is utilized to determine the desired radiation positional data.

Abstract translation: 一种具有整体延迟线的位置敏感多线比例计数器，其包括承载多个阳极线的支撑件和至少一个与计数器的有效体积内的阳极线以预定关系隔开的阴极线，以形成整体延迟线。 计数器填充有与电离辐射相互离子化的气体，气体的电离由正极增强，从而在阴极线中引起电荷。 感测在阴极线的相对端处的感应电荷的接收之间的经过时间用于确定期望的辐射位置数据。

公开(公告)号：US3812358A

公开(公告)日：1974-05-21

申请号：US37214873

申请日：1973-06-21

Applicant: NASA

Inventor： FLETCHER J ,  KRAUSHAAR W

IPC: H01J47/06 ,  G01T1/18 ,  H01J39/28

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: A coaxial anode construction for a gas radiation counter is disclosed by which undesirable background ionization interference may be suppressed. The anode comprises an elongated central wire covered with an electrically insulating sleeve. A plurality of longitudinally discontinuous segments of an electrically conductive coating is disposed about the insulating sleeve in coaxial relationship to and along the length of the central wire. In the preferred inventive embodiment, the plurality of conductive coating segments define a so-called veto or rejection anode at each end portion of the central wire and a main or primary charge detecting anode disposed therebetween. Coupling means are connected to each of the segments such that the primary charge detecting anode is connected to detection circuitry in anti-coincidence with the veto anodes. Background radiation detected by either of the veto anodes and the primary charge detecting anode is therefore rejected and the sensitivity of the radiation counter device is increased.

公开(公告)号：US3786270A

公开(公告)日：1974-01-15

申请号：US3786270D

申请日：1973-02-01

Applicant: ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION

Inventor： BORKOWSKI C ,  KOPP M

IPC: H01J47/06 ,  G01T1/18

CPC classification number: H01J47/06

Abstract: A gas-filled proportional counter camera that images photon emitting sources has been provided. A two-dimensional, positionsensitive proportional multiwire counter is provided as the detector. The counter consists of a high voltage anode screen sandwiched between orthogonally disposed planar arrays of multiple parallel strung, resistively coupled cathode wires. Two terminals from each of the cathode arrays are connected to separate timing circuitry to obtain separate X and Y coordinate signal values from pulse shape measurements to define the position of an event within the counter arrays which may be recorded by various means for data display. The counter is further provided with a linear drift field which effectively enlarges the active gas volume of the counter and constrains the recoil electrons produced from ionizing radiation entering the counter to drift perpendicularly toward the planar detection arrays. A collimator is interposed between a subject to be imaged and the counter to transmit only the radiation from the subject which has a perpendicular trajectory with respect to the planar cathode arrays of the detector.

Abstract translation: 已经提供了一种充满气体的比例计数器相机，用于对光子发射源进行成像。 提供二维，位置敏感的比例多线计数器作为检测器。 该计数器由夹在正交布置的多个并联串联电阻耦合的阴极线的平面阵列之间的高压阳极屏幕组成。 来自每个阴极阵列的两个端子连接到单独的定时电路，以从脉冲形状测量获得单独的X和Y坐标信号值，以定义可以通过用于数据显示的各种装置记录的计数器阵列内的事件的位置。 该计数器还设置有线性漂移场，其有效地扩大了计数器的活性气体体积，并限制了从电离辐射进入计数器产生的反冲电子垂直于平面检测阵列漂移。 将待成像的被摄体与计数器之间插入准直仪，以仅发射来自被检体的辐射，其具有相对于检测器的平面阴极阵列的垂直轨迹。

公开(公告)号：US3654469A

公开(公告)日：1972-04-04

申请号：US3654469D

申请日：1969-05-16

Applicant: KANTOR FREDERICK W

Inventor： KANTOR FREDERICK W

IPC: G01T1/29 ,  H01J47/06 ,  G01T1/18

CPC classification number: G01T1/2935 ,  H01J47/06

Abstract: A matrix-form radiation detector, operating in the proportional gas mode, is provided for indicating the x and y coordinates of each ionizing event caused by the radiation. This information is utilized to form an image of the radiation pattern being detected. The detector has a plurality of cathodes arranged in columns and rows. The cathodes in each column are connected to one another, and those in each row are electrically isolated from one another. A plurality of anode wires is provided. Each cathode substantially encircles one of the anode wires, and each wire passes through all of the cathodes in a given row. Encoding circuitry and other means are provided for encoding the address of each ionizing event, and for storing and/or displaying the encoded information.

Abstract translation: 提供以比例气体模式操作的矩阵式辐射检测器，用于指示由辐射引起的每个电离事件的x和y坐标。 该信息用于形成被检测的辐射图案的图像。 检测器具有以列和列排列的多个阴极。 每列中的阴极彼此连接，并且每列中的阴极彼此电隔离。 提供多个阳极线。 每个阴极基本上环绕一个阳极线，并且每条电线通过给定行中的所有阴极。 提供编码电路和其他装置，用于对每个电离事件的地址进行编码，以及用于存储和/或显示编码的信息。