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    Sealing gasket for piping systems and its manufacturing process
    12.
    发明授权
    Sealing gasket for piping systems and its manufacturing process 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10514098B2

    公开(公告)日：2019-12-24

    申请号：US15351666

    申请日：2016-11-15

    Applicant: PETROLEO BRASILEIRO S.A.—PETROBRAS

    Inventor： Paulo Koji Usuda

    IPC: F16J15/08 ,  F16L25/00 ,  F16J15/12 ,  F16L23/18

    Abstract: The present invention is for sealing gaskets applicable to pipes, valves and boiler equipment. In this context, the present invention provides a sealing gasket for piping systems comprising (i) a core (10) formed by a plurality of concentric metal rings (10a), each ring (10a) comprising a substantially rectangular cross-section, wherein the height of the rectangular cross-section is the same for all the rings (10a), and (ii) surface coating (12) of flexible material applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the core (10). The present invention also provides the manufacturing process of said sealing gasket. Thus, the present invention provides a sealing gasket (i) that eliminates the need for an external rigid ring, (ii) that is easy to conform for reduced-diameter sealing gaskets and (iii) can be easily formed into different shapes, such as an oval shape, which is particularly useful for sealing between the body and the gate valve bonnet.

    OXIDATIVE CATALYTIC PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF LACTIC ACID
    18.
    发明申请
    OXIDATIVE CATALYTIC PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF LACTIC ACID 审中-公开
    用于合成酸的氧化催化方法

    公开(公告)号：US20140121408A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-05-01

    申请号：US14148963

    申请日：2014-01-07

    Applicant: INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE TECNOLOGIA-INT ,  PETROLEO BRASILEIRO S.A. - PETROBRAS

    Inventor： Marco Andre FRAGA ,  Elise Mota DE ALBUQUERQUE ,  Robert Amaral CANDIDO ,  Beta Cunha OLIVIER ,  Simone Carvalho CHIAPETTA ,  Andrea Maria Duarte de FARIAS ,  Alexandre Barros GASPAR ,  Marlito GOMES Junior ,  Carlos René Klotz RABELLO ,  Bernardo Galvão SIQUEIRA ,  Raphael Bezerra MENEZES

    IPC: C07C51/235

    CPC classification number: C07C51/235 ,  B01J21/04 ,  B01J37/0201 ,  C07C59/08 ,  C07C59/19

    Abstract: Current industrial processes for the production of lactic acid are fermentative, using lactic bacteria which require large volumes and create large quantities of liquid residue which need to be treated. Chemical literature also describes the use of reaction systems with homogeneous catalysis, which also pose problems which in turn impact our costs, owing to the increased requirements in terms of the control of the process and the type of reactor necessary. Therefore, the process used thus far, carried out in hydrogenolysis, isomerisation and oxidation are defective, owing to the significant formation of sub-products, mainly pyruvic acid and acetic acid and the low yield of lactic acid.Lactic acid can also be obtained by the chemical transformation of other sources other than starch, but which are also renewable. The present invention provides a oxidative process for the production of lactic acid, in which the reaction with pure oxygen or oxygen mixed with air takes place below 100° C. and under autogenous pressure, using a noble metal catalyst in a metal oxide. The process uses 1,2-propanediol as primary material, derived from the reaction of hydrogenolysis of the glycerine, and reaches yields of more than 70% of lactic acid and less than 30% in sub-products, pyruvic acid and acetol.

    Abstract translation: 用于生产乳酸的当前工业过程是发酵的，使用需要大量的乳酸菌并产生需要处理的大量液体残余物。 化学文献还描述了使用具有均相催化的反应体系，这也引起了一些问题，这反过来又会影响我们的成本，这是由于在过程控制和所需反应堆类型方面的要求增加。 因此，由于副产物，主要是丙酮酸和乙酸的显着形成和乳酸的低产率，迄今为止在氢解，异构化和氧化中进行的方法是有缺陷的。 乳酸也可以通过除淀粉以外的其他来源进行化学转化而获得，但也是可再生的。 本发明提供一种用于生产乳酸的氧化方法，其中与空气混合的纯氧气或氧气的反应发生在低于100℃，并且在自生压力下，使用金属氧化物中的贵金属催化剂。 该方法使用1,2-丙二醇作为主要原料，衍生自甘油氢解反应，达到产率超过70％的乳酸和小于30％的副产物，丙酮酸和丙酮醇。

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