Abstract:
A method for calculating a shift amount of a microlens from a position of a light receiving element arranged in a pixel of an image pickup element is provided. The microlens collects incident light from an image pickup lens. The method comprises: acquiring an incident angle characteristic value indicating a relation between an arranged position of the pixel and an incident angle of the incident light to the pixel; calculating a sampled shift amount of the microlens from the position of the light receiving element corresponding the incident angle characteristic value based on light collection efficiency of the incident light; approximating the sampled shift amount by a second or higher order function to calculate a shift amount characteristic function indicating a relation between the arranged position and the shift amount; and calculating the shift amount of the pixel using the shift amount characteristic function.
Abstract:
A method for calculating a shift amount of a microlens from a position of a light receiving element arranged in a pixel of an image pickup element is provided. The microlens collects incident light from an image pickup lens. The method comprises: acquiring an incident angle characteristic value indicating a relation between an arranged position of the pixel and an incident angle of the incident light to the pixel; calculating a sampled shift amount of the microlens from the position of the light receiving element corresponding the incident angle characteristic value based on light collection efficiency of the incident light; approximating the sampled shift amount by a second or higher order function to calculate a shift amount characteristic function indicating a relation between the arranged position and the shift amount; and calculating the shift amount of the pixel using the shift amount characteristic function.
Abstract:
A solid-state imaging device has a substrate in which are formed a pixel array portion having a plurality of pixels, and a peripheral circuitry portion. The device is characterized in that a first multilevel metallization structure is formed over the peripheral circuitry portion, and a second multilevel metallization structure thinner than the first multilevel metallization structure is formed over the pixel array portion.
Abstract:
A wireless distance measurement system and a wireless distance measurement method that measure the distance between a base station and a terminal without clock synchronization between a plurality of base stations, and without requiring input of the position relationships between a plurality of base stations. Clock phase shift section (210) shifts a clock that is used to generate transmission pulses is phase-shifted by a specific amount every 100 nanoseconds, and A/D conversion section (211) converts a signal re-radiated from terminal (103) to a digital signal using the shifted clock. Correlation calculation section (212) performs correlation calculation between the digital signal and the transmission pulse and creates a delay profile by adding digital signals in the shifted phases between same phases, and incoming wave detection section (213) detects peaks of the pulses in the delay profile. Distance calculation section (214) calculates the distance to terminal (103) based on the timings to transmit the pulses and the timings to detect peaks of the pulses.
Abstract:
An imaging element includes a pixel group that has pixels arranged two dimensionally therein, each including a photoelectric converting unit. The pixel arrangement of the pixel group is m rows by n columns. In the pixel group, a pixel area of an arbitrary two rows by two columns respectively includes a red pixel, a green pixel, a blue pixel and a non-color pixel. A red color signal for a given red pixel is a signal value obtained from the pixel. A green signal for the red pixel is obtained by averaging the signal values of two green pixels adjacently on the right and the left of the pixel. A blue signal for the red pixel is obtained by averaging the signal values of four blue pixels adjacently on the upper-right, the upper-left, the lower-right, and the lower-left of the pixel.
Abstract:
The light receiving device includes a pixel array, such as a two-dimensional pixel array, of pixels each having a light-receiving element for receiving input signal light, an output selecting unit for selecting the outputs of pixels within the pixel array, a selected output adding unit for adding and outputting the selected outputs of the pixels, and an amplifying unit for amplifying the output of the selected output adding unit.
Abstract:
The transmitter for conducting communication with a receiver using a pulse train includes: a transmission frame generation section for generating a transmission frame; a pulse transmission timing generation section for generating pulse transmission timing to have intervals initially set to be the same as intervals at which the receiver receives pulses; and a pulse generation section for generating pulses according to the transmission frame and the pulse transmission timing.
Abstract:
In measurement of wireless channels in an IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN), in the case of multi-channel measurement as in North America in which eight wireless channels Ch1 through Ch8 are available, channel measurement according to a predetermined algorithm is made in which odd-numbered channels Ch1, Ch3, Ch5 and Ch7 are first measured, and if radio interference occurs in channel Ch5, channels Ch4 and Ch6 adjacent to channel Ch5 are measured. This shortens the measurement time that conventionally corresponds to measurement of the eight channels to the time of six channels, i.e., the sum of the measurement time for the odd-numbered channels and that for the channels adjacent to the interference-occurring channel.
Abstract:
An image sensor in which a plurality of pixels having at least a photodiode, a reset transistor, and source follower transistor are formed, wherein each pixel comprises an electrical-charge transfer gate transistor between the photodiode and reset transistor, and a floating diffusion region constituting a node connecting the reset transistor and transfer gate transistor is connected to the gate of the source follower transistor. Further, a photodiode region is embedded below a well region in which the reset transistor and source follower transistor of each pixel are formed. In addition, the photo diode region is not formed below at least a partial region of the floating diffusion region.
Abstract:
An imaging element includes a pixel group that has pixels arranged two dimensionally therein, each including a photoelectric converting unit. The pixel arrangement of the pixel group is m rows by n columns. In the pixel group, a pixel area of an arbitrary two rows by two columns respectively includes a red pixel, a green pixel, a blue pixel and a non-color pixel. A red color signal for a given red pixel is a signal value obtained from the pixel. A green signal for the red pixel is obtained by averaging the signal values of two green pixels adjacently on the right and the left of the pixel. A blue signal for the red pixel is obtained by averaging the signal values of four blue pixels adjacently on the upper-right, the upper-left, the lower-right, and the lower-left of the pixel.