Abstract:
An optical channel between a coherent optical transmitter and a coherent optical receiver may include one or more components that act as a bandpass filter with a passband that is narrower than the signal bandwidth. Such a narrow filter may significantly attenuate the signal content close to the band edge of the data signal. As a result, timing error detection may work less effectively, and therefore clock recovery may be less effective or fail. Methods and systems are disclosed in which a single optical carrier is used to transmit a data signal that has multiple bands, and timing error detection is performed at the receiver using one or more inner bands of the multiple bands. The timing error detection may therefore be made more robust to the effects of the narrow filtering.
Abstract:
Embodiment reduced-state trellis equalization techniques compute accumulated path metrics (APMs) for a subset of candidate states for at least some stages in the trellis based on a neighborhood map of an ML state. This reduces the number of APMs that are computed and stored during trellis equalization. Other embodiments select a subset of candidate states for which APMs are transported to the next stage of the trellis based on the neighborhood map. This eliminates the need to sort the remaining APMs during reduced state trellis equalization. The neighborhood map identifies a subset of the highest probability neighbors for an ML state. The subset of candidate states identified as highest probability neighbors may be saved in a look-up table. The look-up table may be generated offline and/or generated/updated dynamically during run-time operation.
Abstract:
Quasi-reduced state trellis equalization techniques achieve low-latency inter-symbol interference (ISI) equalization by selecting a subset of accumulated path metrics (APMs) for a leading symbol to propagate over a trellis to candidate states of a trailing symbol. This simplifies the computation of APMs for candidate states of the trailing symbol. Thereafter, APMs for candidate states of the trailing symbol are computed based on the subset of APMs for the leading symbol that were propagated over the trellis. Propagating fewer than all APMs for the leading symbol to the trailing symbol reduces the complexity of APM computation at the trailing symbol.
Abstract:
It is possible to compress log likelihood ratios (LLRs) by exploiting the mapping symmetry between bits in the same symbol. For example, two LLRs corresponding to the same dimension of a square Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) symbol can be compressed into a single compressed LLR that excludes the magnitude bits of one of the LLRs because the magnitude component of LLRs for bits corresponding to the same dimension of a square QAM symbol exhibit a piecewise linear relationship with one another. Similar techniques can be used to exploit piecewise linear relationships between a subset of constellation points in a non-square QAM constellation.