公开(公告)号：US4704007A

公开(公告)日：1987-11-03

申请号：US480521

申请日：1983-03-30

申请人： John K. Landre ,  Jan Hoogland

发明人： John K. Landre ,  Jan Hoogland

IPC分类号： G02B23/24 ,  G02B21/02 ,  A61B1/00 ,  A61B1/06 ,  G02B21/06

CPC分类号： G02B23/2469

摘要： An endoscope whose magnification may be continuously varied from zero to a microscopic magnification of 40.times. or more while providing full correction for aberrations at widely different magnifications. The objective comprises a positive lens group in a microscope objective configuration, and a front group which typically includes a negative lens generally near the focal plane of the positive lens group. To achieve high magnification, the objective is moved away from the transfer optics, and placed in contact with the object to be viewed. In such a configuration, the positive lens group functions as a microscope objective while the negative lens group's contribution to the aberrations is small. At low magnification, the negative lens group cooperates with the positive lens group to provide a wide angle lens. Pupil stabilization is achieved by placing the physical stop so that when the endoscope is used in the microscope mode, the physical stop between the positive and negative lens groups is ineffective or marginally effective. This permits the maximum numerical aperture consistent with the physical diameter of the positive lens group. However, the physical stop between the positive and negative lens groups comes into play when the object plane moves away from the negative lens group. The field lens located at the image plane receives the marginal chief ray at a nearly constant small angle over the entire range of magnification. This allows image transfer to be achieved with conventional means such as alternating field and relay lenses.

摘要翻译： 其放大倍数可以从0到40倍以上的微观放大率连续变化，同时在广泛不同的放大倍数下提供像差的全面校正。 该目的包括显微镜物镜配置中的正透镜组和通常包括正透镜组的焦平面附近的负透镜的前组。 为了实现高倍率，将物镜从传送光学器件移开，并与物体接触以被观察。 在这种结构中，正透镜组用作显微镜物镜，而负透镜组对像差的贡献较小。 在低倍率下，负透镜组与正透镜组配合以提供广角透镜。 通过放置物理停止来实现瞳孔稳定，使得当在显微镜模式中使用内窥镜时，正和负透镜组之间的物理停止是无效或微小的有效的。 这允许与正透镜组的物理直径一致的最大数值孔径。 然而，当物平面离开负透镜组时，正透镜组和负透镜组之间的物理停止发挥作用。 位于图像平面处的场透镜在整个放大倍率范围内以几乎恒定的小角度接收边缘主光线。 这允许使用诸如交变场和中继透镜的常规手段实现图像转印。

公开(公告)号：US07230756B2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-12

申请号：US11226864

申请日：2005-09-14

申请人： Jan Hoogland

发明人： Jan Hoogland

IPC分类号： G02B23/24

CPC分类号： G02B13/0095 ,  G02B23/2407 ,  G02B23/243 ,  G02B23/2446

摘要： Optical systems for endoscopes, borescopes, dental scopes, and the like which are characterized by having three groups of lenses of positive optical power and an external entrance pupil. Typically, all three groups of lenses are displaced from the pupil and focal planes. As a consequence, the displaced groups take part in the image transfer as well as in the pupil transfer. The optical power requirements can thus be shifted from one group to another, distributing as well as reducing the overall power requirement. Moreover, the aberration correction can also be shared between these groups. The first group, which conventionally has the highest optical power, and consequently a large amount of aberrations to be corrected, can in this way transfer some of the optical aberration correction to the other groups. The sharing of the optical functions and aberration correction results in a fully integrated optical system. The reduction in the total amount of optical power is so large that a line-of-sight deviating prism can be readily accommodated between the entrance pupil and the first lens group. The resulting simplicity of the optical system makes it suitable as a disposable item.

摘要翻译： 用于内窥镜，内窥镜，牙科镜等的光学系统，其特征在于具有三组正光学透镜和外部入射光瞳。 通常，所有三组透镜从瞳孔和焦平面位移。 因此，流离失所的群体参与图像转移以及学生转移。 因此，光功率要求可以从一组转移到另一组，分配以及降低整体功率需求。 此外，像差校正也可以在这些组之间共享。 传统上具有最高光功率的第一组以及由此校正的大量像差可以以这种方式将一些光学像差校正传递给其他组。 光学功能和像差校正的共享导致了完全集成的光学系统。 光功率的总量的减少是如此之大，从而可以容易地在入射光瞳和第一透镜组之间容纳视线偏移棱镜。 所得光学系统的简单性使其适合作为一次性物品。

公开(公告)号：US06369022B2

公开(公告)日：2002-04-09

申请号：US09756251

申请日：2001-01-08

申请人： Jan Hoogland ,  George Sawicki

发明人： Jan Hoogland ,  George Sawicki

IPC分类号： C11D338

CPC分类号： C11D3/2031 ,  B01D19/0404 ,  C11D3/0026 ,  C11D3/373 ,  B01D19/0409

摘要： The foam control efficiency of a silicone antifoam in liquid or powder detergent formulations is improved by the use as an additive of an olefinically unsaturated alcohol, for example oleyl alcohol.

摘要翻译： 液体或粉末洗涤剂配方中硅氧烷消泡剂的泡沫控制效率通过用作烯属不饱和醇（例如油醇）的添加剂而得到改善。

公开(公告)号：US5841578A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-24

申请号：US687910

申请日：1996-07-30

申请人： Jan Hoogland

发明人： Jan Hoogland

IPC分类号： G02B23/26 ,  G02B23/24 ,  G02B23/00

CPC分类号： G02B13/0095 ,  G02B23/2407 ,  G02B23/243 ,  G02B23/2446

摘要： Optical systems for endoscopes, borescopes, dental scopes, and the like which are characterized by having three groups of lenses of positive optical power and an external entrance pupil. Typically, all three groups of lenses are displaced from the pupil and focal planes. As a consequence, the displaced groups take part in the image transfer as well as in the pupil transfer. The optical power requirements can thus be shifted from one group to another, distributing as well as reducing the overall power requirement. Moreover, the aberration correction can also be shared between these groups. The first group, which conventionally has the highest optical power, and consequently a large amount of aberrations to be corrected, can in this way transfer some of the optical aberration correction to the other groups. The sharing of the optical functions and aberration correction results in a fully integrated optical system. The reduction in the total amount of optical power is so large that a line-of-sight deviating prism can be readily accommodated between the entrance pupil and the first lens group. The resulting simplicity of the optical system makes it suitable as a disposable item.

公开(公告)号：US5633754A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-27

申请号：US351481

申请日：1994-12-06

申请人： Jan Hoogland

发明人： Jan Hoogland

IPC分类号： G02B23/26 ,  G02B23/24 ,  G02B23/00

CPC分类号： G02B13/0095 ,  G02B23/2407 ,  G02B23/243 ,  G02B23/2446

摘要： Optical systems for endoscopes, borescopes, dental scopes, and the like which are characterized by having three groups of lenses of positive optical power and an external entrance pupil. Typically, all three groups of lenses are displaced from the pupil and focal planes. As a consequence, the displaced groups take part in the image transfer as well as in the pupil transfer. The optical power requirements can thus be shifted from one group to another, distributing as well as reducing the overall power requirement. Moreover, the aberration correction can also be shared between these groups. The first group, which conventionally has the highest optical power, and consequently a large amount of aberrations to be corrected, can in this way transfer some of the optical aberration correction to the other groups. The sharing of the optical functions and aberration correction results in a fully integrated optical system. The reduction in the total amount of optical power is so large that a line-of-sight deviating prism can be readily accomodated between the entrance pupil and the first lens group. The resulting simplicity of the optical system makes it suitable as a disposable item.

摘要翻译： 用于内窥镜，内窥镜，牙科镜等的光学系统，其特征在于具有三组正光学透镜和外部入射光瞳。 通常，所有三组透镜从瞳孔和焦平面位移。 因此，流离失所的群体参与图像转移以及学生转移。 因此，光功率要求可以从一组转移到另一组，分配以及降低整体功率需求。 此外，像差校正也可以在这些组之间共享。 传统上具有最高光功率的第一组以及由此校正的大量像差可以以这种方式将一些光学像差校正传递给其他组。 光学功能和像差校正的共享导致了完全集成的光学系统。 光功率的总量的减少如此之大，使得视线偏离的棱镜可以容易地容纳在入射光瞳和第一透镜组之间。 所得光学系统的简单性使其适合作为一次性物品。

公开(公告)号：US4575195A

公开(公告)日：1986-03-11

申请号：US562500

申请日：1983-12-16

申请人： Jan Hoogland

发明人： Jan Hoogland

IPC分类号： G02B13/00 ,  G02B9/06 ,  G02B9/12 ,  G02B13/18

CPC分类号： G02B13/00

摘要： A flat field lens system wherein the Petzval sum is corrected without requiring many spaced high powered elements or sharply bent elements. This is achieved by having the Petzval sum correction dominated by the index difference. In an embodiment suitable for use in endoscope transfer optics where medium or high aperture is required, the spherical aberration is best corrected by use of an aspheric surface on the low index material. Where high aperture is not required, as for example in a photographic wide angle objective, spherical aberration is kept low by using a relatively small aperture.

摘要翻译： 平坦场景透镜系统，其中校正了彼得兹瓦尔和，而不需要许多间隔的高功率元件或尖锐的弯曲元件。 这是通过以指数差为主的Petzval和校正来实现的。 在适用于需要中等或高孔径的内窥镜转移光学器件的实施例中，通过使用低折射率材料上的非球面表面来最佳地校正球面像差。 在不需要高孔径的情况下，例如在照相广角物镜中，通过使用相对小的孔径，球面像差保持较低。

公开(公告)号：US06545802B2

公开(公告)日：2003-04-08

申请号：US09197590

申请日：1998-11-23

申请人： Jan Hoogland

发明人： Jan Hoogland

IPC分类号： G02B934

CPC分类号： G02B13/0095 ,  G02B23/2407 ,  G02B23/243 ,  G02B23/2446

摘要： Optical systems for endoscopes, borescopes, dental scopes, and the like which are characterized by having three groups of lenses of positive optical power and an external entrance pupil. Typically, all three groups of lenses are displaced from the pupil and focal planes. As a consequence, the displaced groups take part in the image transfer as well as in the pupil transfer. The optical power requirements can thus be shifted from one group to another, distributing as well as reducing the overall power requirement. Moreover, the aberration correction can also be shared between these groups. The first group, which conventionally has the highest optical power, and consequently a large amount of aberrations to be corrected, can in this way transfer some of the optical aberration correction to the other groups. The sharing of the optical functions and aberration correction results in a fully integrated optical system. The reduction in the total amount of optical power is so large that a line-of-sight deviating prism can be readily accommodated between the entrance pupil and the first lens group. The resulting simplicity of the optical system makes it suitable as a disposable item.

摘要翻译： 用于内窥镜，内窥镜，牙科镜等的光学系统，其特征在于具有三组正光学透镜和外部入射光瞳。 通常，所有三组透镜从瞳孔和焦平面位移。 因此，流离失所的群体参与图像转移以及学生转移。 因此，光功率要求可以从一组转移到另一组，分配以及降低整体功率需求。 此外，像差校正也可以在这些组之间共享。 传统上具有最高光功率的第一组以及由此校正的大量像差可以以这种方式将一些光学像差校正传递给其他组。 光学功能和像差校正的共享导致了完全集成的光学系统。 光功率的总量的减少是如此之大，从而可以容易地在入射光瞳和第一透镜组之间容纳视线偏移棱镜。 所得光学系统的简单性使其适合作为一次性物品。

公开(公告)号：US06222683B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-24

申请号：US09629034

申请日：2000-07-31

申请人： Jan Hoogland ,  Edward C. Driscoll ,  Willard C. Lomax

发明人： Jan Hoogland ,  Edward C. Driscoll ,  Willard C. Lomax

IPC分类号： G02B1306

CPC分类号： G02B13/06

摘要： According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a panoramic imaging arrangement comprising a transparent component and a reflective material. The transparent component has a first surface about a vertical axis of revolution, a second surface about the axis of revolution, and an opening formed therein to define a third, internal surface about the axis of revolution. The third surface has a concave profile in a plane of the axis of revolution. The reflective material is located on the second surface to provide a reflective surface against the second surface. The first surface, the reflective surface and the third surface are positioned relative to one another so that light from a 360° surrounding panoramic scene enters the transparent component through the first surface, whereafter the light is reflected from the reflective surface, whereafter the light exits the transparent component through the third surface.

公开(公告)号：US4993817A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-19

申请号：US261052

申请日：1988-10-21

申请人： Jan Hoogland

发明人： Jan Hoogland

IPC分类号： G02B13/18 ,  G02B23/24

CPC分类号： G02B13/18 ,  G02B23/2446

摘要： An endoscope relay optics design that reduces the number of air surfaces while maintaining high levels of correction. A lens assembly for incorporation into an optical transfer system (where two such assemblies define an optical transfer module for transferring an image between successive image planes) is of unitary construction. The assembly comprises five elements including a central rod-like element of high index material, a pair of negative elements of relatively low index, high dispersion material cemented to opposite ends of the central element, and a pair of positive end elements of high index, low dispersion material cemented to the negative elements. The powers of the elements are determined by requiring the Petzval sum to assume a desired low value, with index difference being the primary contributor to the correction. The two exposed surfaces are flat or mildly concave and include an aspheric component to correct spherical aberration.

摘要翻译： 内窥镜继电器光学设计，可以减少空气表面的数量，同时保持高水平的校正。 用于结合到光学传输系统（其中两个这样的组件限定用于在连续的图像平面之间传送图像的光学传递模块）的透镜组件是一体的结构。 该组件包括五个元件，包括高折射率材料的中心棒状元件，一对相对较低折射率的高分散材料的粘合剂，以及一对高折射率的正端元件， 低分散材料胶合到负极元素。 元素的权力通过要求Petzval总和来取得所需的低值来确定，其中指数差是校正的主要贡献者。 两个暴露的表面是平坦的或轻微的凹入的，并且包括非球面分量以校正球面像差。

公开(公告)号：US4664486A

公开(公告)日：1987-05-12

申请号：US457337

申请日：1983-01-12

申请人： John K. Landre ,  Jan Hoogland

发明人： John K. Landre ,  Jan Hoogland

IPC分类号： G02B23/24 ,  G02B21/02 ,  A61B1/00 ,  G02B15/00 ,  G02B23/26

CPC分类号： G02B23/2469

摘要： An endoscope whose magnification may be continuously varied from zero to a microscopic magnification of 40x or more while providing full correction for aberrations at widely different magnifications. The objective comprises a positive lens group in a microscope objective configuration, and a front group which typically includes a negative lens and a physical stop in front of the positive lens group generally near the focal plane of the positive lens group. To achieve high magnification, the objective is moved away from the transfer optics, and placed in contact with the object to be viewed. In such a configuration, the positive lens group functions as a microscope objective while the negative lens group's contribution to the aberrations is small. At low magnification, the negative lens group cooperates with the positive lens group to provide a wide angle lens. Pupil stabilization is achieved by placing the physical stop so that when the endoscope is used in the microscope mode, the physical stop between the positive and negative lens groups is ineffective or marginally effective. This permits the maximum numerical aperture consistent with the physical diameter of the positive lens group. However, the physical stop between the positive and negative lens groups comes into play when the object plane moves away from the negative lens group. The field lens located at the image plane receives the marginal chief ray at a nearly constant small angle over the entire range of magnification. This allows image transfer to be achieved with conventional means such as alternating field and relay lenses.

摘要翻译： 其放大倍数可以从0到40倍以上的微观放大率连续变化，同时在广泛不同的放大倍数下提供像差的全面校正。 该目的包括显微镜物镜结构中的正透镜组，以及通常包括负透镜的正面组和通常在正透镜组的焦平面附近的正透镜组前面的物理停止。 为了实现高倍率，将物镜从传送光学器件移开，并与物体接触以被观察。 在这种结构中，正透镜组用作显微镜物镜，而负透镜组对像差的贡献较小。 在低倍率下，负透镜组与正透镜组配合以提供广角透镜。 通过放置物理停止来实现瞳孔稳定，使得当在显微镜模式中使用内窥镜时，正和负透镜组之间的物理停止是无效或微小的有效的。 这允许与正透镜组的物理直径一致的最大数值孔径。 然而，当物平面离开负透镜组时，正透镜组和负透镜组之间的物理停止发挥作用。 位于图像平面处的场透镜在整个放大倍率范围内以几乎恒定的小角度接收边缘主光线。 这允许使用诸如交变场和中继透镜的常规手段实现图像转印。