Operating a gas turbine engine
    12.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US12196133B1

    公开(公告)日:2025-01-14

    申请号:US18753092

    申请日:2024-06-25

    Abstract: A method of operating an aircraft gas turbine engine including: a core including a turbine, a compressor, a combustor to combust fuel, and a core shaft connecting the turbine to the compressor; a fan upstream of the core; a fan shaft; a bearing supporting the fan shaft; an oil loop system supplying oil to the bearing; and a heat exchange system including: an air-oil heat exchanger through which oil in the oil loop system flows; and a fuel-oil heat exchanger through which oil in the oil loop system and fuel flow to transfer heat between the oil and the fuel; and a bypass pipe to allow a proportion of the oil to flow past one of the air-oil and the fuel-oil heat exchanger; and a bypass valve to allow the proportion of the oil sent through the bypass pipe to be varied.

    Contrail parameters
    13.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US12152497B2

    公开(公告)日:2024-11-26

    申请号:US18328225

    申请日:2023-06-02

    Abstract: A method of determining one or more fuel characteristic of an aviation fuel suitable for powering a gas turbine engine of an aircraft is disclosed. The method includes: determining, during use of the gas turbine engine, one or more contrail parameters related to contrail formation by the gas turbine engine. The determining of the one or more contrail parameters includes performing a sensor measurement on a region behind the gas turbine engine in which a contrail is or can be formed. The method also includes determining one or more fuel characteristics of the fuel based on the one or more contrail parameters. A fuel characteristic determination system, a method of operating an aircraft and an aircraft are also disclosed.

    Heat transfer
    14.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US12098677B2

    公开(公告)日:2024-09-24

    申请号:US18337497

    申请日:2023-06-20

    CPC classification number: F02C7/224 F02C7/14 F02C7/32 F05D2260/20

    Abstract: A method of operating a gas turbine engine having an engine core having a turbine, a compressor, a combustor arranged to combust a fuel, and a core shaft connecting the turbine to the compressor; a fan located upstream of the engine core; a fan shaft; a gearbox that receives an input from the core shaft and outputs drive to the fan via the fan shaft; a heat exchange system having at least one fuel-oil heat exchanger arranged to transfer heat to the fuel; and a fuel pump arranged to deliver the fuel to the combustor, wherein the fuel pump is located downstream of the at least one fuel-oil heat exchanger. The method includes operating the gas turbine engine using a fuel having a lubricity of between 0.71 mm and 0.90 mm wear scar diameter (WSD) at 25° C.

    Gas turbine engine heat exchange
    17.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US12158115B2

    公开(公告)日:2024-12-03

    申请号:US18337568

    申请日:2023-06-20

    Abstract: A method of operating a gas turbine engine including: a combustor arranged to combust a fuel; and a fuel management system arranged to provide the fuel to the combustor, wherein the fuel management system includes two fuel-oil heat exchangers through which oil and fuel flow, which are arranged to transfer heat between the oil and fuel and include primary and secondary fuel-oil heat exchangers; a fuel pump arranged to deliver the fuel to the combustor, wherein the fuel pump is located between the heat exchangers; and a recirculation valve located downstream of the primary heat exchanger, the recirculation valve arranged to allow a controlled amount of fuel which has passed through the primary heat exchanger to be returned to the inlet. The method includes selecting one or more fuels such that the calorific value of the fuel provided to the gas turbine engine is at least 43.5 MJ/kg.

    Exhaust content
    18.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US12152496B2

    公开(公告)日:2024-11-26

    申请号:US18138333

    申请日:2023-04-24

    Abstract: The present application discloses a method of determining one or more fuel characteristics of an aviation fuel suitable for powering a gas turbine engine of an aircraft. The method comprises: determining, during use of the gas turbine engine, one or more exhaust content parameters by performing a sensor measurement on an exhaust of the gas turbine engine; and determining one or more fuel characteristics of the fuel based on the one or more exhaust parameters including the nvPM content of the exhaust. Also disclosed is a fuel characteristic determination system, a method of operating an aircraft, and an aircraft.

    Heat transfer
    20.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US12006872B1

    公开(公告)日:2024-06-11

    申请号:US18337497

    申请日:2023-06-20

    CPC classification number: F02C7/224 F02C7/14 F02C7/32 F05D2260/20

    Abstract: A method of operating a gas turbine engine having an engine core having a turbine, a compressor, a combustor arranged to combust a fuel, and a core shaft connecting the turbine to the compressor; a fan located upstream of the engine core; a fan shaft; a gearbox that receives an input from the core shaft and outputs drive to the fan via the fan shaft; a heat exchange system having at least one fuel-oil heat exchanger arranged to transfer heat to the fuel; and a fuel pump arranged to deliver the fuel to the combustor, wherein the fuel pump is located downstream of the at least one fuel-oil heat exchanger. The method includes operating the gas turbine engine using a fuel having a lubricity of between 0.71 mm and 0.90 mm wear scar diameter (WSD) at 25° C.

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