公开(公告)号：US06259229B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-10

申请号：US09400779

申请日：1999-09-22

Applicant: Cyrus N. Ashtiani ,  Thomas A. Stuart

Inventor： Cyrus N. Ashtiani ,  Thomas A. Stuart

IPC: H01M1046

CPC classification number: H05B1/0236 ,  H01M10/615 ,  H01M10/625 ,  H01M10/633 ,  H01M10/637

Abstract: A circuit for heating energy storage devices such as batteries is provided. The circuit includes a pair of switches connected in a half-bridge configuration. Unidirectional current conduction devices are connected in parallel with each switch. A series resonant element for storing energy is connected from the energy storage device to the pair of switches. An energy storage device for intermediate storage of energy is connected in a loop with the series resonant element and one of the switches. The energy storage device which is being heated is connected in a loop with the series resonant element and the other switch. Energy from the heated energy storage device is transferred to the switched network and then recirculated back to the battery. The flow of energy through the battery causes internal power dissipation due to electrical to chemical conversion inefficiencies. The dissipated power causes the internal temperature of the battery to increase. Higher internal temperatures expand the cold temperature operating range and energy capacity utilization of the battery. As disclosed, either fixed frequency or variable frequency modulation schemes may be used to control the network.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于加热蓄电装置如电池的电路。 电路包括以半桥配置连接的一对开关。 单向电流传导器件与每个开关并联连接。 用于存储能量的串联谐振元件从能量存储装置连接到该对开关。 用于中间存储能量的能量存储装置与串联谐振元件和开关之一连接。 被加热的储能装置与串联谐振元件和另一个开关环路连接。 来自加热储能装置的能量被传送到交换网络，然后再循环回电池。 通过电池的能量流动由于电化学转换效率低下而导致内部功率耗散。 耗散功率会导致电池的内部温度升高。 更高的内部温度可以扩大电池的冷温度运行范围和能量利用率。 如所公开的，固定频率或可变频率调制方案可以用于控制网络。

公开(公告)号：US5666041A

公开(公告)日：1997-09-09

申请号：US703445

申请日：1996-08-27

Applicant: Thomas A. Stuart ,  Zhong Ye

Inventor： Thomas A. Stuart ,  Zhong Ye

IPC: H01M10/44 ,  H02J7/00

CPC classification number: H01M10/441 ,  H02J7/0018 ,  Y10S320/13

Abstract: An electronic battery equalization circuit that equalizes the voltages of a plurality of series connected batteries in a battery pack. The current waveform is in the shape of a ramp for providing zero current switching. The ramp converter power circuit has at least one semiconductor device and a transformer coupled to the equalizing voltage supply source. The transformer has a primary winding circuit and at least one secondary winding circuit. In one embodiment, each secondary winding circuit is connected to a different pair of batteries. The equalizing current is provided to the lowest voltage batteries in one half of the battery pack during one half of the charging cycle. The equalizing current is then provided to the lowest voltage batteries in the other half of the battery pack during the other half of the charging cycle. In another embodiment, each secondary winding circuit is connected to a different single battery. The equalizing current is supplied to a lowest voltage battery in the battery pack during each half of the switching cycle. The electronic battery equalization circuit also includes a feedback control circuit coupled to the primary winding circuit for controlling the current from the equalizing current supply source.

Abstract translation: 一种使电池组中的多个串联电池的电压均衡的电子电池均衡电路。 电流波形呈斜坡形状，用于提供零电流切换。 斜坡转换器电源电路具有至少一个半导体器件和耦合到均衡电压源的变压器。 变压器具有初级绕组电路和至少一个次级绕组电路。 在一个实施例中，每个次级绕组电路连接到不同的一对电池。 在充电周期的一半期间，将均衡电流提供给电池组的一半中的最低电压电池。 然后在充电周期的另一半期间，将均衡电流提供给电池组的另一半中的最低电压电池。 在另一个实施例中，每个次级绕组电路连接到不同的单个电池。 在开关周期的每一半期间，均衡电流被提供给电池组中的最低电压电池。 电子电池均衡电路还包括耦合到初级绕组电路的反馈控制电路，用于控制来自均衡电流源的电流。

公开(公告)号：US4853832A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-01

申请号：US226941

申请日：1988-08-01

Applicant: Thomas A. Stuart

Inventor： Thomas A. Stuart

IPC: H02M3/337 ,  H02M7/48

CPC classification number: H02M3/3376 ,  H02M7/4807 ,  Y02B70/1433

Abstract: A converter for converting a low voltage direct current power source to a higher voltage, high frequency alternating current output for use in an electrical system where it is desired to use low weight cables and other circuit elements. The converter has a first stage series resonant (Schwarz) converter which converts the direct current power source to an alternating current by means of switching elements that are operated by a variable frequency voltage regulator, a transformer to step up the voltage of the alternating current, and a rectifier bridge to convert the alternating current to a direct current first stage output. The converter further has a second stage series resonant (Schwarz) converter which is connected in series to the first stage converter to receive its direct current output and convert it to a second stage high frequency alternating current output by means of switching elements that are operated by a fixed frequency oscillator. The voltage of the second stage output is controlled at a relatively constant value by controlling the first stage output voltage, which is accomplished by controlling the frequency of the first stage variable frequency voltage controller in response to second stage voltage. Fault tolerance in the event of a load short circuit is provided by making the operation of the first stage variable frequency voltage controller responsive to first and second stage current limiting devices. The second stage output is connected to a rectifier bridge whose output is connected to the input of the second stage to provide good regulation of output voltage wave form at low system loads.

Abstract translation: A转换器，用于将低压直流电源转换为更高电压，高频交流输出，用于需要使用低重量电缆和其他电路元件的电气系统中。 转换器具有第一级串联谐振（Schwarz）转换器，其通过由可变频率电压调节器，变压器操作的开关元件将直流电源转换成交流电，以升高交流电压， 以及将交流电转换为直流第一级输出的整流桥。 该转换器还具有第二级串联谐振（Schwarz）转换器，该第二级串联谐振（Schwarz）转换器串联连接到第一级转换器以接收其直流电流输出，并通过开关元件将其转换成第二级高频交流输出，该开关元件由 固定频率振荡器。 通过控制第一级输出电压将第二级输出的电压控制在相对恒定的值，该第一级输出电压是通过响应于第二级电压控制第一级可变频率电压控制器的频率而实现的。 通过使第一级可变频率电压控制器的操作响应于第一级和第二级限流装置来提供在负载短路的情况下的容错。 第二级输出连接到整流桥，其输出端连接到第二级的输入端，以在低系统负载下提供输出电压波形的良好调节。