公开(公告)号：US20160304797A1

公开(公告)日：2016-10-20

申请号：US15101652

申请日：2015-01-13

申请人： TURBODEN S.R.L.

发明人： Mario GAIA ,  Roberto BINI

IPC分类号： C10J3/02 ,  C10J3/72 ,  F01D15/10 ,  F02B65/00 ,  F02B63/04 ,  C10J3/20 ,  F02C3/28

CPC分类号： C10J3/02 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J2200/156 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  C10J2300/1653 ,  F01D15/10 ,  F02B63/04 ,  F02B65/00 ,  F02C3/28 ,  F05D2220/32 ,  Y02E20/16 ,  Y02E20/18 ,  Y02P20/145

摘要： A method for producing syngas from preferably vegetal biomass is described. The method provides for the use of a fixed bed gasifier, equipped with two reactors. The biomass is fed to both reactors together with a primary flow rate of air. Advantageously, the method according to the present invention is different from the known art since a secondary flow rate of air is withdrawn from the first reactor at the area where the biomass dries, and fed to the second reactor at the area where the biomass dries, and vice versa, alternately during time. Alternatively, an oscillating air flow is created in each reactor. The achievable result is a greater syngas production, but not exclusively. The syngas quality is improved too, since the biomass has a longer time for completing the gasification reactions.

摘要翻译： 描述了从优选植物生物质产生合成气的方法。 该方法提供了使用装有两个反应器的固定床气化器。 生物质与空气的主流速一起进料到两个反应器。 有利地，根据本发明的方法与已知技术不同，因为在生物质干燥的区域处从第一反应器排出二次流速的空气，并且在生物质干燥的区域供给第二反应器， 反之亦然。 或者，在每个反应器中产生振荡空气流。 可实现的结果是合成气产量更高，但并不排他。 合成气质量也得到改善，因为生物质具有更长的时间来完成气化反应。

公开(公告)号：US09279347B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-08

申请号：US13696074

申请日：2011-05-05

申请人： Mario Gaia ,  Roberto Bini ,  Claudio Pietra

发明人： Mario Gaia ,  Roberto Bini ,  Claudio Pietra

IPC分类号： F01K7/34 ,  F01K25/08 ,  F01K23/04 ,  F01K23/06 ,  F01K7/22 ,  F01K7/40

CPC分类号： F01K25/08 ,  F01K7/22 ,  F01K7/40

摘要： The invention relates to an ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) for the conversion of thermal energy into electric energy, comprising at least one heat exchanger unit for re-superheating the working fluid by means of the thermovector fluid from the hot source, between the discharge of the first expander and the input of the second expander, and a regenerator unit including a first regenerator and at least one second regenerator for regenerating the working fluid in at least two successive stages, in said first regenerator and at least in said second regenerator respectively, with an additional regenerative heat exchange along the flow line connecting the liquid working fluid output of the second regenerator to the liquid working fluid input of the first regenerator.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于将热能转换成电能的ORC（有机兰金循环），其包括至少一个热交换器单元，用于通过来自热源的热动液流体在工作流体的再次过热之间， 所述第一膨胀机和所述第二膨胀机的输入，以及再生器单元，其包括第一再生器和至少一个第二再生器，用于分别在所述第一再生器和所述第二再生器中至少两个连续阶段再生所述工作流体， 沿着连接第二再生器的液体工作流体输出到第一再生器的液体工作流体输入的流动管线进行附加再生热交换。

公开(公告)号：US09016063B2

公开(公告)日：2015-04-28

申请号：US13699955

申请日：2011-06-09

申请人： Mario Gaia ,  Roberto Bini

发明人： Mario Gaia ,  Roberto Bini

IPC分类号： F01K13/00 ,  F01K25/08 ,  F01K25/00 ,  F01K7/40 ,  F01K3/18 ,  F03G7/00

CPC分类号： F01K3/18 ,  F01K25/08

摘要： The invention concerns an ORC plant (Organic Rankine Cycle) for a conversion of thermal energy into electric energy, that comprises a heat exchange group for the exchange of heat between the thermal carrier fluid and a working fluid destined to feed at least one expander connected to an electric generator. The heat exchanger group comprises in succession at least one primary heater and a primary evaporator respectively for preheating and evaporation of the working fluid. According to the invention, on the side of the heat Exchange group, downstream of the primary heater, are present at least an auxiliary evaporator to evaporate a part of the working fluid by means of a heat exchanger with the fluid source coming from the output of said primary evaporator, a device for diverting said part of the working fluid flow from the outlet of said primary preheater towards the auxiliary evaporator, and a compressor designed to receive the working fluid from the auxiliary evaporator and to increase the pressure up to a level corresponding to a preset pressure level for the induction of the work fluid into the expander.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于将热能转化为电能的ORC设备（有机朗肯循环），其包括用于在热载体流体和工作流体之间进行热交换的热交换组，该工作流体旨在供给至少一个连接到 发电机。 热交换器组分别包括至少一个主加热器和主蒸发器，用于预热和蒸发工作流体。 根据本发明，在热交换组的一侧，在第一加热器的下游，至少存在辅助蒸发器以通过热交换器蒸发一部分工作流体，流体源来自 所述主蒸发器，用于将所述部分工作流体流从所述主预热器的出口朝向辅助蒸发器转向的装置，以及设计成从辅助蒸发器接收工作流体并将压力增加到相应水平的压缩机 达到用于将工作流体引入膨胀器的预设压力水平。

公开(公告)号：US20130160448A1

公开(公告)日：2013-06-27

申请号：US13699955

申请日：2011-06-09

申请人： Mario Gaia ,  Roberto Bini

发明人： Mario Gaia ,  Roberto Bini

IPC分类号： F01K25/08

CPC分类号： F01K3/18 ,  F01K25/08

摘要： The invention concerns an ORC plant (Organic Rankine Cycle) for a conversion of thermal energy into electric energy, that comprises a heat exchange group for the exchange of heat between the thermal carrier fluid and a working fluid destined to feed at least one expander connected to an electric generator. The heat exchanger group comprises in succession at least one primary heater and a primary evaporator respectively for preheating and evaporation of the working fluid. According to the invention, on the side of the heat Exchange group, downstream of the primary heater, are present at least an auxiliary evaporator to evaporate a part of the working fluid by means of a heat exchanger with the fluid source coming from the output of said primary evaporator, a device for diverting said part of the working fluid flow from the outlet of said primary preheater towards the auxiliary evaporator, and a compressor designed to receive the working fluid from the auxiliary evaporator and to increase the pressure up to a level corresponding to a preset pressure level for the induction of the work fluid into the expander.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于将热能转化为电能的ORC设备（有机朗肯循环），其包括用于在热载体流体和工作流体之间进行热交换的热交换基团，该工作流体旨在供给至少一个连接到 发电机。 热交换器组分别包括至少一个主加热器和主蒸发器，用于预热和蒸发工作流体。 根据本发明，在热交换组的一侧，在第一加热器的下游，至少存在辅助蒸发器以通过热交换器蒸发一部分工作流体，流体源来自 所述主蒸发器，用于将所述部分工作流体流从所述主预热器的出口朝向辅助蒸发器转向的装置，以及设计成从辅助蒸发器接收工作流体并将压力增加到相应水平的压缩机 达到用于将工作流体引入膨胀器的预设压力水平。

公开(公告)号：US20180202314A1

公开(公告)日：2018-07-19

申请号：US15742098

申请日：2016-06-23

申请人： TURBODEN SPA

发明人： Joseph Bonafin ,  Isaia Casali ,  Marco Del Carria ,  Pietro Girardi

IPC分类号： F01D21/00 ,  F01K13/00 ,  F01K25/08 ,  G01F23/00

CPC分类号： F01D21/003 ,  F01K13/003 ,  F01K25/08 ,  F05D2260/602 ,  F05D2260/606 ,  G01F23/00

摘要： Method for the calculation of the working fluid loss in an organic Rankine cycle plant, comprising at least one evaporator (1), a preheater (5), a turbine (2), a condenser (3), a pump (4), a collecting well (7) and a process piping (8), wherein said working fluid, when the plant is stopped, is in part present in known volumes inside the plant and partly drained in at least a storage tank (6) comprising at least three rooms or volumes: —a first volume (Vck) for storing the fluid to be measured, —a second volume (Vc) having a restricted section for measuring the volume of fluid stored in said first volume (Vck), —a third volume (Vckd) containing the portion of the fluid already measured, wherein, in said method, the working fluid loss of the plant is calculated as the difference between the fluid amount measured in two different instants of time.

公开(公告)号：US08911201B2

公开(公告)日：2014-12-16

申请号：US13257046

申请日：2010-03-16

申请人： Mario Gaia ,  Roberto Bini

发明人： Mario Gaia ,  Roberto Bini

IPC分类号： F01D3/04 ,  F02C7/06 ,  F01D25/16

CPC分类号： F01D3/04 ,  F01D25/162 ,  F02C7/06 ,  F05D2240/14

摘要： The invention concerns a turbine for the expansion of gas and vapor, comprising a body or case, a fixed external sleeve member, overhanging frontally from a frontal wall of said case, and a turbine shaft (15) extending coaxially and rotating in said external sleeve member (18) with the interposition of a supporting unit (19). The external sleeve member has a head flange to axially hold said supporting unit; the turbine shaft ends with a joint to connect it to a device to be operated. The supporting unit (19) includes ball bearings to support the turbine shaft (15) in said external sleeve member (18), and between said external sleeve member (18) and a contiguous end of said turbine shaft (15) an aggregate (50) is provided to generate an adjustable axial force so as to compensate the axial thrust of the turbine shaft to limit the application of improper axial loads on the ball bearings.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于膨胀气体和蒸汽的涡轮机，包括主体或壳体，固定的外部套筒构件，其从所述壳体的前壁向前突出，以及涡轮轴（15），其在所述外部套筒中同轴并且旋转 构件（18）插入支撑单元（19）。 外套筒构件具有头部凸缘以轴向保持所述支撑单元; 涡轮轴以接头结束，将其连接到待操作的装置。 支撑单元（19）包括球轴承，用于支撑所述外套筒构件（18）中的涡轮轴（15），并且在所述外套筒构件（18）和所述涡轮轴（15）的邻接端之间具有聚集体（50） ）以产生可调的轴向力，以补偿涡轮轴的轴向推力，以限制在球轴承上施加不正确的轴向载荷。

公开(公告)号：US20140363268A1

公开(公告)日：2014-12-11

申请号：US14373325

申请日：2012-12-18

申请人： TURBODEN S.r.l.

发明人： Mario Gaia ,  Roberto Bini

IPC分类号： F01K7/16 ,  F01K7/02

CPC分类号： F01K7/16 ,  F01D1/04 ,  F01D1/06 ,  F01D1/12 ,  F01K7/02 ,  F01K25/10

摘要： It is described a method and a turbine for expanding an organic operating fluid in a Rankine cycle, the method comprising the step of feeding the operating fluid to a turbine provided with a plurality of arrays of stator blades (S1-S4, AR) alternating with a plurality of arrays of rotor blades (R1-R5), to define corresponding turbine stages, constrained to a shaft which rotates on the respective rotation axis. The method comprises the further steps of: a) causing a first expansion of the operating fluid in one or more radial stages (S1-S3, R1-R3) of the turbine, b) diverting (AR) the operating fluid exiting from the radial stages in a direction axial and tangential with respect to the rotation axis, and c) causing a second fluid expansion in one or more axial stages (R4, S4, R5) of the turbine. Step b) corresponds to an enthalpy change of the operating fluid equal to at least 50% of the average enthalpy change provided for completing the fluid expansion in the turbine.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于在兰金循环中膨胀有机操作流体的方法和涡轮机，该方法包括以下步骤：将工作流体供给到设置有多个定子叶片阵列（S1-S4，AR）的涡轮机，所述定子叶片（S1-S4，AR）与 多个转子阵列阵列（R1-R5），以限定相应的涡轮级，被限制在在相应旋转轴线上旋转的轴上。 该方法还包括以下步骤：a）使工作流体在涡轮机的一个或多个径向级（S1-S3，R1-R3）中进行第一次膨胀，b）使（AR）从径向 在相对于旋转轴线轴向和切向的方向上分阶段，以及c）在涡轮机的一个或多个轴向级（R4，S4，R5）中引起第二流体膨胀。 步骤b）对应于工作流体的焓变等于为完成涡轮机中的流体膨胀而提供的平均焓变的至少50％。

公开(公告)号：US08801369B2

公开(公告)日：2014-08-12

申请号：US13257097

申请日：2010-03-16

申请人： Mario Gaia ,  Roberto Bini

发明人： Mario Gaia ,  Roberto Bini

IPC分类号： F01D25/24

CPC分类号： F01D5/005 ,  F01D25/162 ,  F01D25/285 ,  F05B2260/301 ,  F05D2230/60 ,  F05D2230/64 ,  F05D2230/70 ,  F05D2230/80

摘要： The invention regards a turbine for the expansion of gas and vapor that comprises a body or casing with a volute for the transit of the fluid from an input to an output passage through at least a statoric and a rotoric group, a possible front shield that extends radially from said volute towards the axis of the turbine shaft, an external tube member fixed in front of said shield or said volute designed to hold the turbine shaft with the interposition of a supporting unit (19), where said turbine shaft (15) has a head (15′) supporting the rotoric group (16, 17). The turbine shaft (15) together with the rotoric group (16, 17) is movable axially between a work position, in which the head of said shaft is at a distance from an internal end of the external tube member (18) facing towards the statoric group, and a retracted position, in which the head of the shaft or a part of the rotoric group rests against said internal end of said tube member with the interposition of at least a front seal (41).

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于膨胀气体和蒸汽的涡轮机，其包括具有蜗壳的主体或壳体，用于使流体从输入端至输出通道至少通过定子和转子组传送，可能的前屏蔽件延伸 径向地从所述蜗壳朝向所述涡轮机轴的轴线，固定在所述护罩或所述蜗壳的前面的外管构件，其设计成在所述涡轮轴（15）具有支撑单元 支撑转子组（16,17）的头部（15'）。 涡轮轴（15）与转子组（16,17）一起可在工作位置之间轴向移动，在工作位置之间，所述轴的头部与外管构件（18）的朝向 定子组和缩回位置，其中轴的头部或转子组的一部分至少插入一个前密封件（41）而靠在所述管件的内端。

公开(公告)号：US20120313371A1

公开(公告)日：2012-12-13

申请号：US13580209

申请日：2011-03-09

申请人： Mario Gaia ,  Roberto Bini

发明人： Mario Gaia ,  Roberto Bini

IPC分类号： F01K15/00

CPC分类号： F01K17/02 ,  F01K9/003 ,  F01K13/00 ,  F01K19/00 ,  F01K23/08 ,  F22B1/167 ,  Y02E20/14 ,  Y02P80/15

摘要： The invention is directed to an ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) system at least partially co-generative for the production of electric energy and the heating of a fluid. The system includes at least two regenerative exchangers positioned in series on the route of the work fluid between the exit of an electric expander-generator group and the entrance of a condenser of the ORC system, and a heat exchanger-user connected by means of an offtake line to at least one of said regenerative exchangers to receive from them a part of the capacity of work fluid and crossed by the user fluid to be heated by means of a thermal exchange with said capacity of work fluid. A part of the capacity of the work fluid on exiting from the user exchanger is returned to the same regenerative exchanger.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及至少部分地共同生产用于产生电能和加热流体的ORC（有机朗肯循环）系统。 该系统包括在电动膨胀机 - 发电机组的出口与ORC系统的冷凝器的入口之间的工作流体路线上串联设置的至少两个再生式交换器，以及通过 至少一个所述再生式交换器，以从其接收工作流体的一部分容量，并通过与工作流体的所述容量进行热交换而被被加热的用户流体交叉。 从用户交换机退出的工作流体的一部分能力返回到相同的再生交换器。