Abstract:
A positive electrode for an energy storage device includes a first activated carbon material comprising pores having a size of ≦1 nm, which provide a combined pore volume of >0.3 cm3/g, pores having a size of >1 nm to ≦2 nm, which provide a combined pore volume of ≧0.05 cm3/g, and 2 nm. A negative electrode for the energy storage device includes a second activated carbon material comprising pores having a size of ≦1 nm, which provide a combined pore volume of ≦0.3 cm3/g, pores having a size of >1 nm to ≦2 nm, which provide a combined pore volume of ≧0.05 cm3/g, and 2 nm. The total oxygen content in at least the first activated carbon material is at most 1.5 wt. %.
Abstract:
An activated carbon composition having a relatively high transition metal content and a low covalent oxygen as defined herein. Also disclosed is a method of making and using the disclosed activated carbon composition, and an EDLC article incorporating the activated carbon composition.
Abstract:
A method for producing an amorphous activated carbon material includes heating a carbon precursor to a temperature effective to form a partially-dense amorphous carbon, and activating the partially-dense amorphous carbon to produce an amorphous activated carbon. To facilitate efficient activation of the amorphous carbon, the carbonization is controlled to produce an amorphous carbon material that, prior to activation, has a density of from 85% to 99% of a maximum density for the amorphous carbon.
Abstract:
Nanoporous activated carbon material having a high specific capacitance in EDLCs and controlled oxygen content, and methods for making such activated carbon material. Reduction of oxygen content is achieved by (a) curing a carbon precursor/additive mixture in an inert or reducing environment, and/or (b) refining (heating) activated carbon material after synthesis in an inert or reducing environment. The inert or reducing environment used for curing or refining is preferably substantially free of oxygen.